scholarly journals Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Response Output ◽  
The Imf

The COVID-19 pandemic is having an adverse impact on Rwanda’s economy, despite a sizeable policy response. Output in 2020 is projected to contract by 0.2 percent, compared to an 8 percent increase expected pre-pandemic. The government’s early actions helped contain the spread of the virus and mitigate its economic impact, supported by financing from Rwanda’s development partners, including from the IMF under the RCF. With the number of infections contained, the authorities are gradually easing up containment measures.

scholarly journals Republic of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (270) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
External Demand ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Developments

Recent economic developments. Notwithstanding a sizeable policy response, the COVID-19 pandemic is having a significant adverse impact on Serbia’s economic activity, with output in 2020 projected to contract by 3 percent, compared to a 4 percent increase expected prior to the COVID-19 shock. The shock is affecting the economy through lower external demand, weaker foreign direct investment and remittances, disruptions in regional and global supply chains, and domestic supply constraints. The government took strong actions to contain the pandemic at an early stage, but the number of infections accelerated again towards end-June. As a result, some containment measures have been re-introduced.

scholarly journals The Impact of Immigrants on Host Country Wages, Employment and Growth

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M Friedberg ◽  
Jennifer Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Immigrant Labor ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Capita Income Growth ◽  
The Impact

The popular belief that immigrants have a large adverse impact on the wages and employment opportunities of the native-born population of the receiving country is not supported by the empirical evidence. A 10 percent increase in the fraction of immigrants in the population reduces native wages by 0-1 percent. Even those natives who are the closest substitutes with immigrant labor do not suffer significantly as a result of increased immigration. There is no evidence of economically significant reductions in native employment. The impact on natives’ per capita income growth depends crucially on the immigrants’ human capital levels.

State intervention in UK economy could increase

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Social Recovery

Subject COVID-19 UK economic impact. Significance The UK economy is already contracting sharply as a result of the restrictions imposed by the government to contain the spread of COVID-19. In response, the UK government has announced a major programme of fiscal measures to reduce job losses and business closures. This is not designed to prevent this immediate fall but intended to reduce permanent damage to the economy. Impacts If the COVID-19 crisis persists beyond a few months, the policy response could become more complex and politically divisive. The economic and social recovery from COVID-19 will be crucial for the prime minister's survival prospects. COVID-19 has significantly increased the chances of an extension to the Brexit transition period beyond December 2020.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Brazilian fiscal policy, once again: corrective policy response over time

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-458
Author(s):  
Viviane Luporini
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Reaction Function ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Fiscal Reaction Function ◽  
Primary Surplus ◽  
Sample Window ◽  
Over Time

<title>Abstract</title><p>This paper estimates a fiscal reaction function for Brazil and investigates how the government's fiscal reaction has changed over time when controlling for cyclical variations in output and the relative participation of indexed debt. Using monthly data since 1991, we estimate a rolling reaction function with a one observation step and a sample-window of 12 observations. Our results indicate that the government's fiscal response has been such that a one percent increase in the debt-GDP ratio can be associated to an average increase in the primary surplus of approximately 0.096% over GDP or 9.6 basis points; the government's fiscal reaction has become more stable but less responsive to the debt-income level after 2000 and assumed a declining trend after 2006.</p>

scholarly journals Mali

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (153) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health System ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Social Safety Nets

The COVID-19 pandemic has added to Mali’s significant security and social challenges. The outbreak reached Mali relatively late, with first confirmed cases on March 24 and 293 cases (seventeen deaths) as of April 22, 2020. The authorities took early containment measures in March and announced a package of economic and social support measures in early April. Growth is expected to decelerate sharply in 2020 as a result of declines in travel, trade, FDI and remittances. Job losses, weak social safety nets amid high informality, food insecurity and a fragile health system will exacerbate social challenges. Lower economic activity and the policy response will exert significant pressures on the budget and the balance of payments, opening financing gaps of 2.9 and 3.1 percent of GDP, respectively.

scholarly journals Burundi

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (224) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
Foreign Demand ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Global Growth

Economic impact. COVID-19 is having an adverse economic impact on Burundi. The pandemic is affecting Burundi through an evolving domestic outbreak and economic spillovers from the global and regional environment, including from the containment measures introduced in trading partners and neighboring countries. Economic growth projections for 2020 have been revised down by 5.3 percentage points to -3.2 percent in 2020. The pandemic has exacerbated pre-existing economic challenges and creates an external financing need of 4.7 percent of GDP in 2020 and 2021, mainly as a result of lower exports in line with lower foreign demand due to lower global growth and transportation bottlenecks from containment measures in other countries; elevated imports needs related in part to the planned fiscal spending aimed at responding to the pandemic; and reduced remittances inflows. The pandemic has also created a fiscal financing need of 6.9 percent of GDP, which will need to be met mainly from external sources.

scholarly journals Panama

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (124) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Imf

The Staff Report was prepared by a staff team of the IMF for the Executive Board’s consideration on March 24, 2020. The staff report reflects discussions with the Panamanian authorities during February 4–17, 2020 and is based on the information available as of February 21, 2020. It focuses on Panama’s near and medium-term challenges and policy priorities and was prepared before COVID-19 became a global pandemic and resulted in unprecedented strains in global trade, commodity and financial markets. It, therefore, does not reflect the implications of these developments and related policy priorities. The outbreak has greatly amplified uncertainty and downside risks around the outlook. Staff is closely monitoring the situation and will continue to work on assessing its impact and the related policy response in Panama and globally.

Pandemic triggers European rethink on supply chains

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Will Force

Subject Economic recovery. Significance The policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the risks associated with depending on multinational supply chains for production. Given how vastly spread supply chains are in Europe, more severe lockdowns in France, Spain and Italy will slow the recovery in Germany, which has been hit less severely by the crisis. Even once supply chain activity has returned to normality, it can take several more months to restore levels of output. Impacts The health and economic impact of COVID-19 will force many European countries to reconsider their relations with China. The creation of more national supply chains would be a significant blow to industrial development in developing countries. Employees will be reluctant to return to work in areas with high levels of COVID-19 infections, potentially further disrupting production.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Africa: socio-economic impact, policy response and opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peterson Ozili
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

PurposeThis paper examines the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 and the policy response in African countries.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses discourse analysis to analyse the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 in Africa.FindingsThe findings reveal that African countries have been affected by the coronavirus pandemic, and the effect was more severe for African regions compared to other regions. The rising pandemic affected social interaction and economic activities through the imposed social distancing policies that have different levels of strictness in several African countriesPractical implicationsThe implication of the findings is that social policies can affect the social and economic well-being of citizens. Secondly, the coronavirus outbreak has revealed how a biological crisis can be transformed to a sociological subject. The most important sociological consequence of the coronavirus outbreak for African citizens is the creation of social anxiety among families and households in the region. The outbreak has also shown how vulnerable African societies are in facing health hazards. Policymakers should enforce social policies that unite communities in bad times, to reduce social anxiety.Originality/valueThis is the first paper that explore the socio-economic impact of coronavirus and the policy response in African countries.

scholarly journals Republic of Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (120) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Imf

The FSSA was prepared by a staff team of the IMF for the Executive Board’s consideration on Friday, March 27. The staff report reflects discussions with the Korean authorities in September and December 2019 and is based on the information available as of end June 2019. It focuses on Korea’s near and medium-term financial stability challenges and policy priorities and was prepared before COVID-19 became a global pandemic and resulted in unprecedented strains in global trade, commodity and financial markets. It, therefore, does not reflect the implications of these developments and related policy priorities. Staff is closely monitoring the situation and will continue to work on assessing its impact and the related policy response in Korea and globally.

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