scholarly journals 1C2-3 Relationship between the flexibility of spinal column on the sagittal plane and the ability of dynamic balances in the elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S164-S165
Author(s):  
Yahiko TAKEUCHI ◽  
Megumi OTA ◽  
Takuya OTANI ◽  
Satoshi OGATA ◽  
Makoto MIWA
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
The Elderly

Sensitivity of Intersegmental Angles of the Spinal Column to Errors Due to Marker Misplacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Rouhani ◽  
Sara Mahallati ◽  
Richard Preuss ◽  
Kei Masani ◽  
Milos R. Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Relative Error ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Gaussian Function ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Experimental Errors ◽  
Rms Error ◽  
Lower Lumbar ◽  
Anterior Direction

The ranges of angular motion measured using multisegmented spinal column models are typically small, meaning that minor experimental errors can potentially affect the reliability of these measures. This study aimed to investigate the sensitivity of the 3D intersegmental angles, measured using a multisegmented spinal column model, to errors due to marker misplacement. Eleven healthy subjects performed trunk bending in five directions. Six cameras recorded the trajectory of 22 markers, representing seven spinal column segments. Misplacement error for each marker was modeled as a Gaussian function with a standard deviation of 6 mm, and constrained to a maximum value of 12 mm in each coordinate across the skin. The sensitivity of 3D intersegmental angles to these marker misplacement errors, added to the measured data, was evaluated. The errors in sagittal plane motions resulting from marker misplacement were small (RMS error less than 3.2 deg and relative error in the angular range less than 15%) during the five trunk bending direction. The errors in the frontal and transverse plane motions, induced by marker misplacement, however, were large (RMS error up to 10.2 deg and relative error in the range up to 58%), especially during trunk bending in anterior, anterior-left, and anterior-right directions, and were often comparable in size to the intersubject variability for those motions. The induced errors in the frontal and transverse plane motions tended to be the greatest at the intersegmental levels in the lower lumbar region. These observations questioned reliability of angle measures in the frontal and transverse planes particularly in the lower lumbar region during trunk bending in anterior direction, and thus did not recommend interpreting these measures for clinical evaluation and decision-making.

Prediction of the Lower Extremity Muscle Forces During Stair Ascent and Descent

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Selk Ghafari ◽  
Ali Meghdari ◽  
Gholam Reza Vossoughi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Anatomical Classification ◽  
Muscle Groups

An inverse dynamics musculoskeletal model of the lower extremity was combined with an optimization technique to estimate individual muscular forces and powers during stair ascent and descent. Eighteen Hill-type musculotendon actuators per leg were combined into the eleven functional muscle groups based on anatomical classification to drive the model in the sagittal plane. Simulation results illustrate the major functional differences in plantar flexors of the ankle and extensors of the knee and hip joints during ascent and descent. The results of this study not only could be employed to evaluate the rehabilitation results in the elderly but also could be used to design more anthropometric assistive devices with optimum power consumption.

scholarly journals THE INCIDENCE OF SPINAL POSTURAL DISORDERS IN FIRST-GRADE ELEMENTARY-SCHOOL STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Stefan Đorđević ◽  
Bojan Jorgić ◽  
Saša Milenković ◽  
Ratko Stanković ◽  
Mima Stanković
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
First Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Postural Disorders

The aim of this study is to determine the state of postural disorders in the sagittal and frontal planes of the spinal column, as well as any gender differences in first-year elementary school students. The participant sample comprised 138 school children, 73 male and 56 female participants, all from the territory of the municipality of Knjaževac, Serbia. The measuring instrument, the Formetric 4D System, Diers, Germany was used for the assessment of postural disorders of the spinal column. The testing results were presented in terms of frequencies and percentages, while the chi-square independence test was used to determine differences in spinal deformity incidence between male and female participants. The results obtained indicate that, in the sagittal plane, deformity was present in a total of 73.9% of the sample (72.6% among the male and 75.4% among the female participants), whereas in the frontal plane this percentage amounted to 84.1% (84.9% among the male, and 83.1% among the female ones). Moreover, the results indicate that no statistically significant differences were found in terms of the incidence of postural disorders between male and female participants in the sagittal plane (sig=0.859) and in the frontal plane of the spinal column (sig=0.949). In view of the results obtained, it can be concluded that a high incidence of spinal postural disorders in both the frontal and sagittal planes was equally present in participants of both genders.

Baastrup Disease/Interspinous Bursitis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Cheng ◽  
Jijun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Spinous Processes

Baastrup disease (BD), an uncommon back pain syndrome, is characterized by pathologic approximation of adjacent spinous processes on a sagittal plane image. BD occurs most commonly at the lumbar L4-L5 level and tends to be more common in the elderly. The etiology is not precisely known, but BD may develop secondary to chronic active inflammatory facet arthropathy, leading to interspinous osteophytes and approximation of the adjacent spinous processes. Clinically, BD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of back pain if there is (1) midline back pain reproduced with palpation of the spinous process and exacerbated by extension of the lumbar spine and (2) direct contact of adjacent spinous processes on the lateral view of a plain x-ray image. Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive in detecting interspinous inflammation and the formation of bursa and new bone. Major differential diagnoses of BD include proliferative hyperostosis of the lumbar spinous processes, degenerative disease of the spine, sclerotic bone metastases to the spine, and ankylosing spondylosis. BD can be managed initially with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, a short-term steroid dose pack, and physical therapy. Injection of a local anesthetic to the inflamed spinous process and associated interspinous ligaments may be diagnostic, and injection of a local anesthetic/corticosteroid combination may be therapeutic. Surgery is reserved for patients with refractory BD. Surgical options include interspinous process decompression devices and excision of the affected spinous processes.

Efficacy of physiotherapy for spinal kyphosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Saimon ◽  
Takashi Kitagawa ◽  
Yuichi Abe ◽  
Ah-Cheng Goh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Analysis Protocol

Kyphosis of the spinal column has been reported to increase with age. With the increased in life expectancy and a greater proportion of the elderly, it is predicted that the number of patients with spinal kyphosis will also increase in the future. Physiotherapy is a one of the Conservative treatments for spinal kyphosis. But efficacy of physiotherapy for spinal kyphosis is not clear. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the benefits and harms of physiotherapy for elderly patients with spinal kyphosis. We used a systematic review protocol template (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.biqrkdv6). We followed the Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P, 2015) for preparing this protocol.

scholarly journals Standard reference values of the upper body posture in healthy young female adults in Germany: an observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e022236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Ohlendorf ◽  
Vanessa Fisch ◽  
Charlotte Doerry ◽  
Sebastian Schamberger ◽  
Gerhard Oremek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Young Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Upper Body Posture ◽  
Standard Values

ObjectiveClassifications of posture deviations are only possible compared with standard values. However, standard values have been published for healthy male adults but not for female adults.DesignObservational study.SettingInstitute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main.Participants106healthy female volunteers (21–30 years old; 25.1±2.7 years) were included. Their body weight ranged from 46 to 106 kg (60.3±7.9 kg), the heights from 1.53 to 1.82 m (1.69±0.06 m) and the body mass index from 16.9 kg/m² to 37.6 kg/m² (21.1±2.6 kg/m²).Outcome measuresA three-dimensional back scan was performed to measure the upper back posture in habitual standing. The tolerance ranges and CI were calculated. Group differences were tested by the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test.ResultsIn normal posture, the spinal column was marginally twisted to the left, and the vertebrae were marginally rotated to the right. The kyphosis angle is larger than the lumbar angle. Consequently, a more kyphotic posture is observed in the sagittal plane. The habitual posture is slightly scoliotic with a rotational component (scapular depression right, right scapula marginally more dorsally, high state of pelvic right, iliac right further rotated anteriorly).ConclusionsHealthy young women have an almost ideally balanced posture with minimal ventral body inclination and a marginal scoliotic deviation. Compared with young males, women show only marginal differences in the upper body posture. These values allow a comparison to other studies, both for control and patient data, and may serve as guideline in both clinical practice and scientific studies.

scholarly journals Surgical strategies for vertebral osteomyelitis and epidural abscess

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick C. Hsieh ◽  
Robert J. Wienecke ◽  
Brian A. O'Shaughnessy ◽  
Tyler R. Koski ◽  
Stephen L. Ondra
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Vertebral Osteomyelitis ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Surgical Strategies ◽  
Implant Selection ◽  
Conventional Medical Therapy ◽  
Spine Surgeon

Pyogenic vertebral discitis and osteomyelitis (PVDO) has become an increasing problem for the spine surgeon. Despite recent advances in medical care and improved diagnostic neuroimaging, PVDO remains a major cause of illness and death in the elderly population. Infection of the spinal column often presents insidiously; however, if not treated appropriately and in a timely manner it can lead to severe neurological impairment, systemic septicemia, and progressive spinal deformity. In this paper the authors review the epidemiological and pathophysiological features and the clinical presentation of PVDO. Conventional medical therapy is described, with a particular focus on the methods of diagnosis. Surgical strategies for PVDO are then presented based on the literature and according to the practice of the senior author (S.L.O.), with an emphasis placed on structural considerations, implant selection, and techniques for augmenting vascular tissue to the site of infection.

scholarly journals The Spinal Curvature of Three Different Sitting Positions Analysed in an Open MRI Scanner

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Baumgartner ◽  
Roland Zemp ◽  
Renate List ◽  
Mirjam Stoop ◽  
Jaroslav Naxera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Spinal Mobility ◽  
Kinematic Effect ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lower Lumbar

Sitting is the most frequently performed posture of everyday life. Biomechanical interactions with office chairs have therefore a long-term effect on our musculoskeletal system and ultimately on our health and wellbeing. This paper highlights the kinematic effect of office chairs on the spinal column and its single segments. Novel chair concepts with multiple degrees of freedom provide enhanced spinal mobility. The angular changes of the spinal column in the sagittal plane in three different sitting positions (forward inclined, reclined, and upright) for six healthy subjects (aged 23 to 45 years) were determined using an open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. An MRI-compatible and commercially available office chair was adapted for use in the scanner. The midpoint coordinates of the vertebral bodies, the wedge angles of the intervertebral discs, and the lumbar lordotic angle were analysed. The mean lordotic angles were16.0±8.5∘(mean ± standard deviation) in a forward inclined position,24.7±8.3∘in an upright position, and28.7±8.1∘in a reclined position. All segments from T10-T11 to L5-S1 were involved in movement during positional changes, whereas the range of motion in the lower lumbar segments was increased in comparison to the upper segments.

scholarly journals Etiology of lumbar lordosis and its pathophysiology: a review of the evolution of lumbar lordosis, and the mechanics and biology of lumbar degeneration

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. E1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Sparrey ◽  
Jeannie F. Bailey ◽  
Michael Safaee ◽  
Aaron J. Clark ◽  
Virginie Lafage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Human Spine ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Patients At Risk

The goal of this review is to discuss the mechanisms of postural degeneration, particularly the loss of lumbar lordosis commonly observed in the elderly in the context of evolution, mechanical, and biological studies of the human spine and to synthesize recent research findings to clinical management of postural malalignment. Lumbar lordosis is unique to the human spine and is necessary to facilitate our upright posture. However, decreased lumbar lordosis and increased thoracic kyphosis are hallmarks of an aging human spinal column. The unique upright posture and lordotic lumbar curvature of the human spine suggest that an understanding of the evolution of the human spinal column, and the unique anatomical features that support lumbar lordosis may provide insight into spine health and degeneration. Considering evolution of the skeleton in isolation from other scientific studies provides a limited picture for clinicians. The evolution and development of human lumbar lordosis highlight the interdependence of pelvic structure and lumbar lordosis. Studies of fossils of human lineage demonstrate a convergence on the degree of lumbar lordosis and the number of lumbar vertebrae in modern Homo sapiens. Evolution and spine mechanics research show that lumbar lordosis is dictated by pelvic incidence, spinal musculature, vertebral wedging, and disc health. The evolution, mechanics, and biology research all point to the importance of spinal posture and flexibility in supporting optimal health. However, surgical management of postural deformity has focused on restoring posture at the expense of flexibility. It is possible that the need for complex and costly spinal fixation can be eliminated by developing tools for early identification of patients at risk for postural deformities through patient history (genetics, mechanics, and environmental exposure) and tracking postural changes over time.

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