scholarly journals A Comparative Framework for Evaluating Consensus Algorithms for Blockchains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipti Mahamuni
Keyword(s):  
Use Case ◽  
Consensus Algorithms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comparative Framework

The past five years have seen a significant increase in the popularity of Decentralized Ledgers, commonly referred to as Blockchains. Many new protocols have been launched to cater to various applications serving individual consumers and enterprises. While research is conducted on individual consensus mechanisms and comparison against popular protocols, decisionmaking and selection between the protocols is still amorphous. This paper proposes a comprehensive comparative framework to evaluate various consensus algorithms. We hope that such a framework will help evaluate current as well as future consensus algorithms objectively for a given use case. The past five years have seen a significant increase in the popularity of Decentralized Ledgers, commonly referred to as Blockchains. Many new protocols have been launched to cater to various applications serving individual consumers and enterprises. While research is conducted on individual consensus mechanisms and comparison against popular protocols, decisionmaking and selection between the protocols is still amorphous. This paper proposes a comprehensive comparative framework to evaluate various consensus algorithms. We hope that such a framework will help evaluate current as well as future consensus algorithms objectively for a given use case.

scholarly journals Analysis, identification and visualization of subgroups in genomics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Völkel ◽  
Simon Laban ◽  
Axel Fürstberger ◽  
Silke D Kühlwein ◽  
Nensi Ikonomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Use Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Personalized Intervention

Abstract Motivation Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease involving multiple somatic mutations that accumulate during its progression. In the past years, the wide availability of genomic data from patients’ samples opened new perspectives in the analysis of gene mutations and alterations. Hence, visualizing and further identifying genes mutated in massive sets of patients are nowadays a critical task that sheds light on more personalized intervention approaches. Results Here, we extensively review existing tools for visualization and analysis of alteration data. We compare different approaches to study mutual exclusivity and sample coverage in large-scale omics data. We complement our review with the standalone software AVAtar (‘analysis and visualization of alteration data’) that integrates diverse aspects known from different tools into a comprehensive platform. AVAtar supplements customizable alteration plots by a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for subset identification and provides an innovative and user-friendly interface for the evaluation of concurrent solutions. A use case from personalized medicine demonstrates its unique features showing an application on vaccination target selection. Availability AVAtar is available at: https://github.com/sysbio-bioinf/avatar Contact [email protected], phone: +49 (0) 731 500 24 500, fax: +49 (0) 731 500 24 502

scholarly journals Framework and Methodology for Establishing Port-City Policies Based on Real-Time Composite Indicators and IoT: A Practical Use-Case

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4131
Author(s):  
Ignacio Lacalle ◽  
Andreu Belsa ◽  
Rafael Vaño ◽  
Carlos E. Palau
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The City ◽  
Smart Port

During the past few decades, the combination of flourishing maritime commerce and urban population increases has made port-cities face several challenges. Smart Port-Cities of the future will take advantage of the newest IoT technologies to tackle those challenges in a joint fashion from both the city and port side. A specific matter of interest in this work is how to obtain reliable, measurable indicators to establish port-city policies for mutual benefit. This paper proposes an IoT-based software framework, accompanied with a methodology for defining, calculating, and predicting composite indicators that represent real-world phenomena in the context of a Smart Port-City. This paper envisions, develops, and deploys the framework on a real use-case as a practice experiment. The experiment consists of deploying a composite index for monitoring traffic congestion at the port-city interface in Thessaloniki (Greece). Results were aligned with the expectations, validated through nine scenarios, concluding with delivery of a useful tool for interested actors at Smart Port-Cities to work over and build policies upon.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Spread of COVID-19 Pandemic with Prophet

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Mohan Mahanty ◽  
K. Swathi ◽  
K. Sasi Teja ◽  
P. Hemanth Kumar ◽  
A. Sravani
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Use Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Open Source Framework ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
Using Data

COVID-19 pandemic shook the whole world with its brutality, and the spread has been still rising on a daily basis, causing many nations to suffer seriously. This paper presents a medical stance on research studies of COVID-19, wherein we estimated a time-series data-based statistical model using prophet to comprehend the trend of the current pandemic in the coming future after July 29, 2020 by using data at a global level. Prophet is an open-source framework discovered by the Data Science team at Facebook for carrying out forecasting based operations. It aids to automate the procedure of developing accurate forecasts and can be customized according to the use case we are solving. The Prophet model is easy to work because the official repository of prophet is live on GitHub and is open for contributions and can be fitted effortlessly. The statistical data presented on the paper refers to the number of daily confirmed cases officially for the period January 22, 2020, to July 29, 2020. The estimated data produced by the forecast models can then be used by Governments and medical care departments of various countries to manage the existing situation, thus trying to flatten the curve in various nations as we believe that there is minimal time to do this. The inferences made using the model can be clearly comprehended without much effort. Furthermore, it tries to give an understanding of the past, present, and future trends by showing graphical forecasts and statistics. Compared to other models, prophet specifically holds its own importance and innovativeness as the model is fully automated and generates quick and precise forecasts that can be tunable additionally.

scholarly journals The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Industry 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Sharabov ◽  
Georgi Tsochev
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Industrial Robotics ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Generation

This article presents a brief overview of the effect of new technologies, how they are changing the manufacturing process, and how the machines are starting to get a lot smarter thanks to the artificial intelligence. The focus is over the examination of Industry 4.0 and how it revolutionized the whole manufacturing segment and what promise of a better, more efficient future it brings. This analysis focuses primarily on how artificial intelligence is integrated, what benefits it brings, and how big of an improvement it is over basic programming. Part of the research is based on 771 publications tracked over the past three to five years. Publications are within some of the well-known databases Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE. We will examine the basic use case scenarios where AI is crucially needed and how a new generation of the factory can look and feel like a living human being. Keywords: Industry 4.0, artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, predictive maintenance, industrial robotics, computer vision.

scholarly journals Use case 3: post accidental site remediation − CEA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Yvon Desnoyers ◽  
Claire Faucheux ◽  
Nadia Pérot
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Use Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nuclear Site ◽  
The One ◽  
A Site ◽  
Non Destructive

Within the H2020 INSIDER project, the main objective of work package 3 (WP3) is to draft a sampling guide for initial nuclear site characterization in constraint environments, before decommissioning, based on a statistical approach. This paper is dedicated to the sampling strategy for use case 3 (UC3) about contaminated soils, in the context of post-incidental remediation of a site. For this use case, the constraint environment comes from the difficulty to collect samples beneath a building on the one hand and the fact that samples were collected in the past with no possibility for additional samples. This task has been initiated by gathering prior knowledge for the contaminated site and analysing the available dataset (historical assessment + available data from non-destructive and destructive analyses).

scholarly journals A Twitter Data Credibility Framework—Hurricane Harvey as a Use Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingchao Yang ◽  
Manzhu Yu ◽  
Han Qin ◽  
Mingyue Lu ◽  
Chaowei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Data Credibility ◽  
Media Data

Social media data have been used to improve geographic situation awareness in the past decade. Although they have free and openly availability advantages, only a small proportion is related to situation awareness, and reliability or trustworthiness is a challenge. A credibility framework is proposed for Twitter data in the context of disaster situation awareness. The framework is derived from crowdsourcing, which states that errors propagated in volunteered information decrease as the number of contributors increases. In the proposed framework, credibility is hierarchically assessed on two tweet levels. The framework was tested using Hurricane Harvey Twitter data, in which situation awareness related tweets were extracted using a set of predefined keywords including power, shelter, damage, casualty, and flood. For each tweet, text messages and associated URLs were integrated to enhance the information completeness. Events were identified by aggregating tweets based on their topics and spatiotemporal characteristics. Credibility for events was calculated and analyzed against the spatial, temporal, and social impacting scales. This framework has the potential to calculate the evolving credibility in real time, providing users insight on the most important and trustworthy events.

scholarly journals Survey on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Mars Exploration: Deployment Use Case

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Manjula Sharma ◽  
Akshita Gupta ◽  
Sachin Kumar Gupta ◽  
Saeed Hamood Alsamhi ◽  
Alexey V. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Space Mission ◽  
Planetary Exploration ◽  
Use Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Space Objects ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

In recent years, the area of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has seen rapid growth. There has been a trend to build and produce UAVs that can carry out planetary exploration throughout the past decade. The technology of UAVs has tremendous potential to support various successful space mission solutions. In general, different techniques for observing space objects are available, such as telescopes, probes, and flying spacecraft, orbiters, landers, and rovers. However, a detailed analysis has been carried out due to the benefits of UAVs relative to other planetary exploration techniques. The deployment of UAVs to other solar bodies has been considered by numerous space agencies worldwide, including NASA. This article contributes to investigating the types of UAVs that have been considered for various planetary explorations. This study further investigates the behaviour of UAV prototypes on Mars’ surface in particular. It has been discovered that a prototype UAV flight on Mars has a higher chance of success. In this research, a prototype UAV has been successfully simulated to fly on Mars’ surface. This article discusses the opportunities, challenges, and future scope of deploying UAVs on Mars.

scholarly journals Theorizing University Rankings by Comparison: Systematic and historical analogies with arts and sports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Brankovic
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Comparative Framework ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Sports Fields

In this paper we lay down a comparative framework for theorizing university rankings, which can be used and further extended by scholars interested in advancing research on rankings. In so doing, we contextualize the analysis of university rankings within a broader sociology of rankings. We identify two dimensions along which such contextualization could be done: (a) systematic, referring to the comparison of university rankings with rankings in other fields and focusing on how university rankings can be informed by insights from other empirical settings; and (b) historical, which concerns long-term trajectories, rather than just the past few years. We argue that analogical theorizing is one promising strategy for doing this, and to illustrate its potential, we bring insights from the arts and sports fields into the study of university rankings. This approach, we argue, can benefit both our understanding of university rankings and rankings more generally.

scholarly journals Enhancing Electronic Voting With A Dual-Blockchain Architecture

Ledger ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees Leune ◽  
Jai Punjwani
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Electronic Voting ◽  
Computer Memory ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Consensus Algorithms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Voting Methods

Voting is one of the most fundamental aspects of democracy. Over the past few decades, voting methods around the world have expanded from traditional paper ballot systems to electronic voting (e-voting), in which votes are written directly to computer memory. Like any computer system, voting machines are susceptible to technical vulnerabilities that open up opportunities for hackers to tamper with votes, causing the use of electronic voting technology to raise concerns about ballot security. We describe how electronic voting can be supported by blockchain technology to ensure voter secrecy, vote correctness, and equal voting rights. In this paper, we present a system using two separate blockchains, each with separate transactions and consensus algorithms. We describe a prototype implementation that validates our ideas by executing several proof-of-concept simulations of a range of voting scenarios.

Work, Consumption and the Indonesian Crises in Western Flores

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribeth Erb
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comparative Framework ◽  
American Society

AbstractThe political and financial turmoil in Indonesia over the past three years has affected Indonesians in various ways. This paper takes a comparative framework developed to illuminate changes in Euro-American society between the modem ethic of work and the postmodern aesthetic of consumption, to analyse the different ways people in Manggarai, Western Flores, reacted to the Indonesian crises.

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