scholarly journals Hyperglycaemia in newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study of the Agona District Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Richard K.D. Ephraim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor associated with tuberculosis (TB). This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of hyperglycemia among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the Agona Swedru Municipality. Method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016. One hundred (100) newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the Agona Swedru Municipal Hospital (ASMH) were enrolled for the study. Socio-demographic, clinical and anthropometric measurements were collected and fasting blood glucose (FBG) measured using standard protocols. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. Result: Of the 100 participants, 26% had hyperglycemia. The significant factors associated with increased risk of hyperglycemia among participants were history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 8.17, p= 0.004), severity of infection (OR = 23.64, p < 0.001) and duration of symptoms (OR= 2.63, p= 0.042). Conclusion: Hyperglycemia was common among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients. History of diabetes mellitus, severity of infection, and duration of symptoms were the determinants of hyperglycemia in pulmonary tuberculosis. Regular screening of hyperglycemia is essential in the management of tuberculosis. Finally, further studies should be conducted on glucose levels among pulmonary tuberculosis patients using higher sample size to increase the understanding of the subject.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dyslipidaemia Using an Algorithm of Lipid Profile Measures among Newly Diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study at Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital, Ghana

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Enoch Odame Anto ◽  
Christian Obirikorang ◽  
Max Efui Annani-Akollor ◽  
Eric Adua ◽  
Sampson Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Presbyterian Hospital ◽  
History Of

Background and Objectives: Dyslipidaemia and its associated complications have been reported to increase mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, there is a dearth of data on the incidence of dyslipidemia among Ghanaian patients with T2DM. This study evaluated dyslipidemia among newly diagnosed T2DM patients at Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital, Ghana. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a total of 215 participants at the Presbyterian Hospital, Dormaa-Ghana. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to collect demographic data. Predisposing factors of dyslipidemia such as BMI, hypertension, and family history of diabetes were also obtained. Lipid profile was performed on the serum obtained from each respondent. Dyslipidaemia was defined as total cholesterol (TC) >200 mg/dL, triglyceride (TG) >150 mg/dL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) >100 mg/dL, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) <40 in males and <50 mg/dL in females. Combinations of the individual parameters of dyslipidaemia were further evaluated. Results: Of the total (215) participants, 86 (40%) were males and 129 (60%) were females, representing a ratio of 1:1.5. High total cholesterol was more prevalent in females (69.0%) than males (53.5%). Generally, dyslipidaemia was predominant among those aged >40 years, with the exception of increased LDL-c (25.1%), which was higher among the 20–40 years age group. The male participants exhibited significantly (p < 0.001) higher percentages of all combined measures of dyslipidaemia—such as high TG and reduced HDL-c (77.9%), high TG and elevated LDL-c (75.6%) and high LDL and low HDL (65.1%). BMI was significantly associated with HDL levels (p = 0.02), whereas family history of diabetes was associated with TC (p = 0.004) and TG levels (p = 0.019). Conclusion: Combined dyslipidaemia is relatively high among newly diagnosed T2DM patients in Ghana, and in those >40 years. Gender is significantly associated with combined dyslipidaemia in T2DM, and males may be at a higher risk than females. BMI and family history of diabetes are potential risk factors of dyslipidaemia in T2DM.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus and HIV infection among active tuberculosis patients in Northwest Ethiopia: health facility-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Begna Tulu ◽  
Eden Amsalu ◽  
Yohannes Zenebe ◽  
Melkamu Abebe ◽  
Yeshimebet Fetene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally and its comorbidity with tuberculosis (TB) is re-emerging, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Objective The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of DM and HIV infection and their associated risk factors among active tuberculosis patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February 1st and June 30th, 2017 among active TB patients in two hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia. Two hundred and sixty-seven active TB cases aged 18 years or older were screened for diabetes using fasting blood glucose (FBG) test. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect demographic data, lifestyle habits and clinical data. Identification of pre-diabetes or diabetes in TB patients was achieved according to American Diabetes Association guidelines (2016). Results Prevalence of DM and TB comorbidity was 11.5% (95% confidence interval, CI 7.8–15.2) compared to 24.9% (95% CI 20.1–30.1) for pre-diabetes. Prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection was 21.9% (95% CI 16.7–26.8). Risk of DM was higher in TB patients from a rural location (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 3.13, 95% CI 1.02–9.62, p = 0.046). Similarly, DM was higher in TB patients who have a family history of DM (aOR 4.54, 95% CI 1.31–15.68, p = 0.017). Furthermore, HIV/TB co-infection was identified as a predictor of DM comorbidity in active TB patients (aOR 5.11, 95% CI 2.01–12.98, p = 0.001). Conclusion The magnitude of DM and pre-diabetes in active TB patients in Northwest Ethiopia was high, warranting collaborative efforts to improve screening and adopt better clinical management strategies for DM–TB comorbid patients. Furthermore, being rural residents, family history of DM and HIV/TB co-infection were found to associate with DM among TB patients, highlighting the importance of the above-mentioned risk factors in the clinical management of this comorbidity.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus with Silent Myocardial Ischemia: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study of Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zohaib Siddiq ◽  
Shahid Hussain Memon ◽  
Anwar Ali ◽  
Tabassum Almas ◽  
Atiya Razzaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Silent Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
St Segment ◽  
History Of

Background: Previous studies have established the fact that diabetic patients are predominantly inclined towards silent myocardial infarction (SMI). The objective of the present study is to determine the incidence of SMI in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, patient data was gathered on a predesigned proforma regarding the detailed history of dyspnea, DM and its duration, chest pain either present or not. Those patients who had normal ECG labeled negative for SMI, while those who had either ST-segment elevation or ST-segment deviation on resting ECG were positive for SMI. Study was conducted at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Karachi- Pakistan. Results: The mean age of the enrolled patients was 54.21±8.65 (40-70) years. Out of 210, majority were female (51.90%).Overall, 94(44.76%) patients were obese, 122(58.09%) were hypertensive, 90(42.85%) had dyslipidemia and 98(46.66%) diabetic patients were smokers. There were 93 (44.3%) DM patients who had SMI. Moreover, 109(51.90%) patients had a family history of myocardial ischemia. Conclusion:  The SMI incidence among diabetic patients was found higher in local population. It is proposed that diabetic patients with demonstrated cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy must be screened for the manifestation of SMI.

scholarly journals OVARIAN MALIGNANCY

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
Shabana Rafiq ◽  
Razia Bibi ◽  
Samina Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovarian Malignancy ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the frequency of ovarian malignancy in women ofreproductive age presenting with ovarian mass and to determine frequency of factors leadingto ovarian malignancy. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics& Gynaecology, Lady Wallington Hospital, Lahore. Period with Dates: From 05.11.11 to26.06.12. Results: The result of our study reveals majority of the patients between 21-30 yearsi.e. 45.88%(n=39), common age was 24.21+3.76 years, 43.53%(n=37) were nulliparous (inmajority), while frequency of ovarian malignancy in women of reproductive age presenting withovarian mass was recorded in 14.11%(n=12) while frequency of factors leading to ovarianmalignancy was 91.67%(n=11) patients were nulliparous while family history of ovarianmalignancy was in 8.33%(n=1) patients. Conclusions: The frequency of ovarian malignancy ishigher among reproductive age females with increased risk of nulliparity.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients: a cross sectional study from Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarfishan Tahir ◽  
Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad ◽  
Abdul Majeed Akhtar ◽  
Tahir Yaqub ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients
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