scholarly journals The Heroic Battle of Van-Vaspourakan according to the Testimonies of the Eyewitness Survivors

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-44
Author(s):  
Verjiné Svazlian
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
World War ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The People ◽  
The Town

The Young Turk leaders of the Ottoman Empire participated in World War I having expansionist objectives and with their former pan-Turkic and pan-Islamic plan to carry out the genocide of the Armenians. The mobilization and the collection of arms of the Armenians started with the war. The governor of Van Djevdet pasha besieged the town with the Turkish armed forces. The people of Van struggled heroically, till the last drop of their blood, to defend their elementary human right for survival and their Motherland. The testimonies and historical songs, communicated by 35 eyewitness survivors of the heroic battle of Van, which I have enscribed, audio- and video-recorded, have served as a basis for the preparation of the present article.

THE PEDIATRICIAN AND THE PUBLIC

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
MARY E. PARKER
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
World War ◽  
Nursing Service ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Salutary Effect

For the past few years, many patients have been unable to secure adequate nursing care because there are not enough nurses in the whole world to give it. Unfortunate as this is, it has had one salutary effect. It aroused the public, the administrators of institutions, the physicians and the nurses to the need for doing "something" so that this situation will not continue and will not occur again. This is very similar to the situation in World War I and immediately following. At that time also there was a shortage of nurses, and a committee of outstanding people in medicine and nursing sat down to try to find out what was wrong and to make recommendations to make things right. Out of this in 1923 came the Goldmark Report. The recommendations were excellent and are still good today, but little was done about them. Then came the depression, and there were too many nurses for the people who could afford to pay for this service. This situation gradually improved until we had reached the other extreme, a shortage of nurses due to expansion of nursing service in hospitals and public health agencies and the needs of the armed forces. Much criticism was leveled at the nursing profession, some of it justified, some of it not justified.

scholarly journals VIDA ETERNA A SERVIÇO DA PÁTRIA: Mausoléus Militares em Cemitérios Brasileiros (1924-1982)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Adriane Piovezan
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Funerary Practices ◽  
Institutional Memory ◽  
Attitudes Towards Death ◽  
The City

Com o fim da Primeira Guerra Mundial as homenagens aos mortos em combate sofreram transformações significativas em relação as atitudes diante da morte em guerra. A substituição do monumento aos heróis pelos mausoléus coletivos foi um dos aspectos mais significativos dessa mudança. O Cemitério São João Batista localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro possui exemplos dessas práticas funerárias em que a instituição, no caso as Forças Armadas, tornam-se gestoras da rememoração desses indivíduos. No presente artigo a questão da memória institucional presentes nesses mausoléus militares são problematizadas. ETERNAL LIFE IN SERVICE OF THE HOMELAND: Military Mausoleums in Brazilian Cemeteries (1924-1982)ABSTRACTWith the end of World War I, the tributes to the dead in combat underwent significant transformations in relation to attitudes towards death at war. The replacement of the monument to the heroes by the collective mausoleums was one of the most significant aspects of this change. The São João Batista Cemetery located in the city of Rio de Janeiro has examples of these funerary practices in which the institution, in this case the Armed Forces, become managers of the rememoration of these individuals. In the present article the question of the institutional memory present in these military mausoleums is problematized.Keywords: Cemetery, mausoleums, Military Institutions.

Homage to Dr med. Božidar Kostić

2021 ◽  
pp. 096777202097458
Author(s):  
Božidar Pocevski ◽  
Prim. Predrag Pocevski ◽  
Lidija Horvat
Keyword(s):  
Great Success ◽  
World War ◽  
The People ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

Dr Božidar Kostić (1892–1960) – physician of noble heart – was born in Niš (Kingdom of Serbia) in a distinguished family of academically educated parents. As there were no medical faculties in Kingdom of Serbia, after high school, which he had finished with great success, in 1911 he enrolled at the Graz University of Medicine, a prestigious medical university. Soon he transferred to the Faculty of Medicine at Charles University in Prague, where he continued his studying for another ten semesters. In Prague, The Golden City, after the First World War, he finished his studies with an average grade of 10. After the Second World War, he worked as a doctor with a private medical practice in Belgrade, but soon he moved to Vranje, where he established the Town Polyclinic and contributed to the final flourishing of the most important forms of health care activities in liberated Vranje, donating his rich knowledge and skills, which led the health service to move to forms of independent work and development of new activities. For his contribution to the community, by decree of His Majesty King of Yugoslavia Alexander I Karađorđević, he received the Order of Saint Sava. Dr Božidar Kostić and his wife Pravda devoted their lives to the health and educational upbringing of the people in the south parts of Serbia (then Social Federative Republic of Yugoslavia). Until his last days he lived and worked as a true folk doctor.

THE BRITISH MANDATE AND THE UPRISING OF 1920 IN IRAQ

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
S. S. Shchevelev
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Middle East ◽  
World War I ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

The article examines the initial period of the mandate administration of Iraq by Great Britain, the anti-British uprising of 1920. The chronological framework covers the period from May 1916 to October 1921 and includes an analysis of events in the Middle East from May 1916, when the secret agreement on the division of the territories of the Ottoman Empire after the end of World War I (the Sykes-Picot agreement) was concluded before the proclamation of Faisal as king of Iraq and from the formation of the country՚s government. This period is a key one in the Iraqi-British relations at the turn of the 10-20s of the ХХ century. The author focuses on the Anglo-French negotiations during the First World War, on the eve and during the Paris Peace Conference on the division of the territory of the Ottoman Empire and the ownership of the territories in the Arab zone. During these negotiations, it was decided to transfer the mandates for Syria (with Lebanon) to the France, and Palestine and Mesopotamia (Iraq) to Great Britain. The British in Iraq immediately faced strong opposition from both Sunnis and Shiites, resulting in an anti-English uprising in 1920. The author describes the causes, course and consequences of this uprising.

Anglo-Jewry and the Jewish International Traffic in Prostitution, 1885–1914

AJS Review ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 129-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd P. Gartner
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War I ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Conscription ◽  
The Town ◽  
International Traffic

Our tale opens in some little town in the Pale of Settlement between the 1880s and World War I. A well-spoken, well-dressed young man appears and courts an attractive girl of a family belonging to the great majority of the Jewish townspeople—that is, impoverished and burdened with many children. The unknown suitor offers charm and gifts, and speaks knowingly of the great places he has seen and where he has a good business—Paris, Johannesburg, London, or New York. Will the girl accompany him westward and become his bride once they reach their destination.He does not want to stay long enough in town to marry publicly, since he might be seized for military conscription. The girl, excited by the prospect, implores her parents to give their consent to this proposal. She feels she loves this young man. With him, the bleak life and dismal future in the town will be exchanged at a stroke for happiness and prosperity in a great, distant city. Every month a few young townspeople were leaving, mainly for America. Already there were many more marriageable girls in town than there were young men for them. How could such a chance be thrown aside? Might it ever recur? If the girl wondered why of all the numerous poor girls in town she was enjoying these attentions, she would answer in her own mind by complimenting herself on her prettiness. Her parents, or her surviving parent or step-parents, gave their consent.

Activism from the Start

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-26
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Garodnick
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
World War I ◽  
York City ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
World War ◽  
City Life ◽  
East Village ◽  
The Town ◽  
New Yorkers

This chapter begins by describing the redbrick buildings that emerge out of the East Village on Manhattan's East Side, the plain and unenticing facades of Stuyvesant Town and Peter Cooper Village that disguise the unique slice of city life that takes place within. It talks about Stuy Town's idyllic quality that contradicts the tumultuous history that produced this middle-class enclave tucked in the midst of Manhattan. It also explains Stuy Town's roots that are planted in bitter soil as the town was born of government-backed, and subsidized, racist policies and displaced with poor New Yorkers. The chapter tells Stuy Town's story of activism, where elected officials, civil rights leaders, and tenants joined together to fight against corporate greed and unjust policies, and for the rights of New Yorkers. It recounts how Stuy Town emerged from a housing crisis in New York City that began during World War I.

“Population Politics” at the End of Empire: Migration and Sovereignty in Ottoman Eastern Rumelia, 1877–1886

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-985
Author(s):  
Anna M. Mirkova
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
State Building ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Autonomy ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Population Politics

AbstractThis article explores the migrations of Turkish Muslims after the 1878 Peace Treaty of Berlin, which severed much of the Balkans from the Ottoman Empire as fully independent nation-states or as nominally dependent polities in the borderlands of the empire. I focus on one such polity—the administratively autonomous Ottoman province of Eastern Rumelia—which, in wrestling to reconcile liberal principles of equality and political representation understood in ethno-religious terms, prompted emigration of Turkish Muslims while enabling Bulgarian Christian hegemony. Scholars have studied Muslim emigration from the Balkans as the Ottoman Empire gradually lost hold of the region, emphasizing deleterious effects of nationalism and aggressive state-building in the region. Here I look at migration at empire's end, and more specifically at the management of migration as constitutive of sovereignty. The Ottoman government asserted its suzerainty by claiming to protect the rights of Eastern Rumelia's Muslims. The Bulgarian dominated administration of Eastern Rumelia claimed not only administrative but also political autonomy by trying to contain the grievances of Turkish Muslims as a domestic issue abused by ill-meaning outsiders, all the while insisting that the province protected the rights of all subjects. Ultimately, a “corporatist” model of subjecthood obtained in Eastern Rumelia, which fused the traditional religious categorization of Ottoman subjects with an ethnic one under the umbrella of representative government. The tension between group belonging and individual politicization that began unfolding in Eastern Rumelia became a major dilemma of the post-Ottoman world and other post-imperial societies after World War I.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL FOREWORD

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
Akram Khater ◽  
Jeffrey Culang
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Political Power ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Cultural Encounter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
Constitutional Revolution ◽  
Editorial Foreword

This issue opens with two articles that explore “Ottoman Belonging” during two significant moments bookending the Ottoman past. The first of these moments is the Ottoman Empire's incorporation of Arab lands after its defeat of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1515–17; the second is the emergence of Ottoman imperial citizenship in the period between the 1908 Constitutional Revolution and World War I, which precipitated the empire's collapse. Helen Pfeifer's article, “Encounter after the Conquest: Scholarly Gatherings in 16th-Century Ottoman Damascus,” traces the intellectual component of the Ottoman Empire's absorption of formerly Mamluk subjects after rapidly conquering an immense territory stretching from Damascus to Cairo to Mecca. As Western European states expanded to control new territories and peoples, the Turkish-speaking Ottomans from the central lands (Rumis) had new encounters of their own—with the Arabic-speaking inhabitants of Egypt, Greater Syria, and the Hijaz. The conquest transferred the seat of political power in the Islamicate world from Cairo to Istanbul. Yet, as Pfeifer discusses, the Ottomans understood that their newly acquired political power had no parallel in cultural and religious domains, where prestige belonged predominantly to Arab scholars. Focusing on majālis (sing. majlis), or scholarly gatherings, in Damascus, Pfeifer traces “one of the greatest instances of knowledge transmission and cultural encounter in the history of the Ottoman Empire,” through which this asymmetry was overcome. By facilitating the circulation of books and ideas, she argues, scholarly gatherings—two depictions of which are featured on the issue’s cover—gave rise to an “empire-wide learned culture as binding as any political or administrative ingredient of the Ottoman imperial glue.”

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