The Power of Paint

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Van Horn
Keyword(s):  
Social Connections ◽  
Young Student ◽  
New Model ◽  
British Art ◽  
Aesthetic Responses ◽  
Benjamin West ◽  
Art Community ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

Chapter 2 focuses on mid-century Philadelphia’s burgeoning art community through the figure of travelling English portrait painter John Wollaston, who visited the city in 1752 and 1758/9. Wollaston’s presence encouraged the young student Francis Hopkinson to write a poem about the artist in the new periodical the American Magazine. By tracing the aesthetic responses that Hopkinson and the fellow students in his circle (including Benjamin West) had to Wollaston’s portraits the chapter charts Philadelphians’ engagement with the aesthetic debates raging in London over the role of the artist and the power of the portrait to civilize. Hopkinson embraced the new model of connoisseurship being popularized in the British art capital of London but recast it to argue that the portrait could civilize the sitter. Reading Wollaston’s portraits through the model of physiognomy reveals how viewers understood his paintings to improve sitters’ civility and how his paintings forged social connections between sitters.

scholarly journals WAYS OF ARCHITECTURAL REVALUATION OF ARCHITECTURAL SUBSTANCE IN THE HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE CITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Skoryk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
British Art ◽  
Historic Areas ◽  
Restoration Work ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City ◽  
New Buildings

Abstract. The multifaceted problem of the relationship between the old and the new in the structure of cities subject to reconstructive transformation covers not only the range of tasks for the integration of historically composed and new buildings, but also a number of ambiguous issues of architectural revaluation of historical architectural and urban planning substance. lost elements to improve the aesthetic value of the urban environment and further preserve its integrity. If the solution of issues of urban coherence of historical and new buildings is based on the variability of the respective location in the urban structure of urban formation, the ways of architectural revaluation are based on the principles of volumetric and tectonic perfection of historical substance. ensembles, often by means of finely tempered harmonization of old and new architectural solutions (Hereditary development of compositional and spatial features of the city center). European urbanism of the twentieth century. He also knows cases of architectural revaluation of large urban complexes, such as in the process of restoration after the military destruction of the historic areas of Warsaw and Gdansk, where the problem of restoring the architectural integrity of buildings was combined with issues of restoration, reconstruction, modernization and necessary rehabilitation. on the legitimacy of such revaluation measures, which were not based on the restoration of authentic historical heritage, but in fact on its reproduction "from the ground up", based not only on scientifically sound materials, but often on architectural conjecture, method of analogues, etc. The controversy over the architectural revaluation of historic buildings began in the late nineteenth century, when the issues of conservation and restoration in a set of reconstructive urban planning tasks began to require immediate resolution. Renowned British art critic John Ruskin, reacting sharply to the imperfections of restoration work that led to significant distortions and even distortions of valuable historical substance in various countries, said: «Reproduction from nothing of something that was once great and beautiful in architecture is as impossible as return to life…» (Рёскин 81–82).

scholarly journals The role of hotel architecture in shaping the city’s image

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Krystyna Strumiłło
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Urban Images ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Personal Feeling ◽  
The City

The elements of the environment are characterized by variability. The structure of the city is also a subject to constant structural, social and material transformations. Objects in the city can play significant role for urban landscape. In recent years, it can be observed that the architecture of hotels in cities is becoming more and more unique. After years of building similar hotel facilities, architects began to create more and more original forms that attract the attention of passers-by and are remembered. The importance of individual places in the hierarchy of these space is also changing. Hotels are elements thatbuild the image of cities, often becoming their visual dominant. This applies to creating a sculpture in a space that catch attention with its form and play of colors. The aim of the article is to show, on the example of selected projects, how hotel buildings can shape urban images. The research method is based on the analysis of selected objects and showing their role in shaping the image of the city. The concept of the hotel influences the building of identity. The form of the hotel, the functionality, the materials, and their combination, create the semantic experience for observer. The hotel becomes a ‘story’ narrative that gives visitors or pedestrians a personal feeling of reading architecture. According to Kevin Lynch (1960:8), the external image we perceive can be analyzed by combining three factors: identity, structure and meaning. Identity is identifying an object, distinguishing it from others, making it exclusive. Thus, fragments of space of greater importance are created in the city, which are shaped in terms of public utility. These areas, having greater value, are also of greater prestige for the city. They add as well the aesthetic energy to the city.

scholarly journals Estetik Ornamen Masjid di Kota Padang

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Sundari ◽  
Yulimarni Yulimarni
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Asymmetrical Balance ◽  
The City ◽  
Aesthetic Values

<p>The study was conducted aiming to find the aesthetic values that exist in the mosque building ornament in the city of Padang. The development and spirit of changing times has accompanied the development of the Mosque in Padang City, not only in the function and role of the Mosque, but also seen from the model of the mosque building and ornaments attached to the building. To achieve this goal the approach used in this paper is the aesthetic approach, and multi-disciplinary approach. The aesthetic value of mosque building ornaments can be viewed through the quality structures that make up beauty; first, unity; that each element in the mosque's ornament is a unified and mutually supportive unit, summarized in the quality of art consisting of rhythm, lines and shapes. Second, harmony (harmony); placement of motifs on the mosque building shows harmony by considering the balance between the shape of the motif with the field of placement. Third; symmetry; Almost all the ornaments contained in the mosque building contain symmetrical elements in vertical and horizontal forms. Symmetry can be seen in the motif lines and also the building lines themselves. Fourth; balance (balance); Mosque ornaments in the city of Padang, has three types of balance, namely; symmetrical balance, asymmetrical balance, and centering balance. And the fifth resistance (contras); the contrast does not only occur because of differences in the size of the motif, the contrast can also be seen from the shape and color of the ornament attached to the mosque building.</p>

Estetik Ornamen Masjid di Kota Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Sundari ◽  
Yulimarni Yulimarni
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Asymmetrical Balance ◽  
The City ◽  
Aesthetic Values

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>The study was conducted aiming to find the aesthetic values that exist in the mosque building ornament in the city of Padang. The development and spirit of changing times has accompanied the development of the Mosque in Padang City, not only in the function and role of the Mosque, but also seen from the model of the mosque building and ornaments attached to the building. To achieve this goal the approach used in this paper is the aesthetic approach, and multi-disciplinary approach. The aesthetic value of mosque building ornaments can be viewed through the quality structures that make up beauty; first, unity; that each element in the mosque's ornament is a unified and mutually supportive unit, summarized in the quality of art consisting of rhythm, lines and shapes. Second, harmony (harmony); placement of motifs on the mosque building shows harmony by considering the balance between the shape of the motif with the field of placement. Third; symmetry; Almost all the ornaments contained in the mosque building contain symmetrical elements in vertical and horizontal forms. Symmetry can be seen in the motif lines and also the building lines themselves. Fourth; balance (balance); Mosque ornaments in the city of Padang, has three types of balance, namely; symmetrical balance, asymmetrical balance, and centering balance. And the fifth resistance (contras); the contrast does not only occur because of differences in the size of the motif, the contrast can also be seen from the shape and color of the ornament attached to the mosque building.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords :</em></strong><em> Aesthetic, Ornaments, Mosque</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><em>Penelitian dilakukan ber</em><em>tujuan </em><em>untuk me</em><em>nemukan </em><em>nilai-nilai</em><em> estetik </em><em>yang ada pada </em><em>ornament b</em><em>angunan Masjid di Kota Padang</em><em>. P</em><em>erkembangan dan semangat zaman yang berubah telah mengiringi perkembangan Masjid di Kota Padang, tidak hanya dalam fungsi dan peran Masjid, tetapi juga terlihat dari model bangunan Masjid dan ornamen yang melekat pada bangunannya.Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut p</em><em>endekatan yang digunakan dalam </em><em>tulisan</em><em> ini adalah pendekatan estetika, dan pendekatan multi disiplin.</em><em> </em><em>Nilai estetik ornamen bangunan </em><em>M</em><em>asjid dapat ditinjau melalui struktur kualitas pembentuk keindahan; pertama, kesatuan (unity); </em><em>bahwa s</em><em>etiap unsur dalam ornamen Masjid merupakan satu kesatuan yang utuh dan saling mendukung, yang terangkum dalam kualitas seni yang terdiri dari irama, garis dan bentuk. </em><em>Kedua, keselarasan (harmony); penempatan motif pada bangunan Masjid menunjukan keselarasan dengan mempertimbangkan keseimbangan antara bentuk motif dengan bidang penempatannya. Ketiga; kesetangkupan (symetry); </em><em>Hampir semua ornamen yang terdapat pada bangunan Masjid mengandung unsur simetris dalam bentuk vertikal maupun horizontal. Simetri dapat terlihat pada garis motif dan juga garis bangunan itu sendiri.</em><em> </em><em>Keempat; keseimbangan (balance); ornamen bangunan Masjid di kota Padang, memiliki tiga jenis keseimbangan yaitu; keseimbangan simetris, keseimbangan asimetris, dan keseimbangan memusat. Dan kelima perlawanan (contras); k</em><em>ontras tidak hanya terjadi karena perbedaan ukuran </em><em>motif </em><em>saja, </em><em>kontras </em><em>juga </em><em>terlihat dari</em><em> bentuk dan warna ornament yang melekat pada bangunan Masjid.</em></p><strong><em>Kata kunci </em></strong><em>: Estetik, Ornamen, Masjid</em>

scholarly journals Neural, functional, and aesthetic impacts of spatially heterogeneous flicker: A potential role of natural flicker

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Menceloglu ◽  
Marcia Grabowecky ◽  
Satoru Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Aesthetic Responses ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Neural Interactions ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Sensory Activation ◽  
Motion Detectors

AbstractSpatially heterogeneous flicker, characterized by probabilistic and locally independent luminance modulations, abounds in nature. It is generated by flames, water surfaces, rustling leaves, and so on, and it is pleasant to the senses. It affords spatiotemporal multistability that allows sensory activation conforming to the biases of the visual system, thereby generating the perception of spontaneous motion and likely facilitating the calibration of motion detectors. One may thus hypothesize that spatially heterogeneous flicker might potentially provide restoring stimuli to the visual system that engage fluent (requiring minimal top-down control) and self-calibrating processes. Here, we present some converging behavioral and electrophysiological evidence consistent with this idea. Spatially heterogeneous (multistable) flicker (relative to controls matched in temporal statistics) reduced posterior EEG (electroencephalography) beta power implicated in long-range neural interactions that impose top-down influences on sensory processing. Further, the degree of spatiotemporal multistability, the amount of posterior beta-power reduction, and the aesthetic responses to flicker were closely associated. These results are consistent with the idea that the pleasantness of natural flicker may derive from its spatiotemporal multistability that affords fluent and self-calibrating visual processing.

scholarly journals The Role of Social Capital in the Employability of University Graduates in Zambia: A Case of University of Zambia Graduates

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Eliphas Machacha
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
People Of Influence ◽  
The City

The research presented in this paper was designed to investigate the role of social capital in the employability of University Graduates in Zambia: A Case of University of Zambia Graduates. The study focused on the period between the years 2000 and 2015. In this study social capital was operationalised as social connections that can be used in search of jobs. Employability was operationalised as the ability to get employed or get a job. This research used a sequential mixed method research design to investigate the research problem. The study was carried out in the City of Lusaka. 208 University of Zambia Graduates and 16 employers participated in this study. Data were collected using a questionnaire and interviews. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in the management and analysis of quantitative data while thematic analysis was applied in the analysis of qualitative data. The results from this study indicated that UNZA Graduates attach a lot of importance to the use of social connections in search of job opportunities in the labour market. However, only powerful social connections were effective in this process and were not available to everyone. The results also revealed that social connections through relatives and close friends were more effective in their employability than social connections through acquaintances and potential employers. In conclusion, this study showed that social connections facilitated by relatives and close friends through people of influence in society were more effective but, to a large extent, they depend on one’s social status.

PROBLEMS OF STRAY ANIMALS IN NOVOSIBIRSK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Elena E. Rinchinova ◽  
Diyara A. Takumova ◽  
Irina I. Bochkareva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City

The article discusses main issues of organizing activities for the treatment of stray and street animals in the city of Novosibirsk. The important role of successful solving the problem of stray animals in ensuring environmental comfort and safety of the urban population is noted. Definitions of the concepts “stray animals” and “street animals” are given, the differences between them are emphasized. The main regulatory and legal documents governing the handling of stray and street animals are listed. The ways in which domestic animals get into a stray state are described briefly. The results of the collection and analysis of information on the activities of shelters for stray animals in Novosibirsk are described. The information on the quantitative indicators of the shelters are given. Conclusions on how to solve the problem of stray animals, relying on the latest regulations are drawn.

Crossing the Pomerium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Koortbojian
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Public Monuments ◽  
Religion And Law ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City

The ancient Romans famously distinguished between civic life in Rome and military matters outside the city—a division marked by the pomerium, an abstract religious and legal boundary that was central to the myth of the city's foundation. This book explores, by means of images and texts, how the Romans used social practices and public monuments to assert their capital's distinction from its growing empire, to delimit the proper realms of religion and law from those of war and conquest, and to establish and disseminate so many fundamental Roman institutions across three centuries of imperial rule. The book probes such topics as the appearance in the city of Romans in armor, whether in representation or in life, the role of religious rites on the battlefield, and the military image of Constantine on the arch built in his name. Throughout, the book reveals how, in these instances and others, the ancient ideology of crossing the pomerium reflects the efforts of Romans not only to live up to the ideals they had inherited, but also to reconceive their past and to validate contemporary practices during a time when Rome enjoyed growing dominance in the Mediterranean world. The book explores a problem faced by generations of Romans—how to leave and return to hallowed city ground in the course of building an empire.

Jazz als gelungene Performance – Ästhetische Normativität und Improvisation

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bertinetto
Keyword(s):  
Successful Performance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Right

Die Hauptfrage, die ich in diesem Aufsatz diskutieren will, ist die folgende: Welche sind die ästhetisch-normativen Voraussetzungen für das richtige Verständnis und die richtige Evaluation von Jazz? Meine These lautet: Die Jazzästhetik ist eine Ästhetik der gelungenen Performanz. Sie ist nicht eine Ästhetik der Unvollkommenheit. Ich werde meine Argumentation in die folgenden Abschnitte gliedern. Nach der Einleitung (I.) wird in Abschnitt II. die ›These der Unvollkommenheit‹ dargestellt und in III. werden anschließend einige Argumente dagegen diskutiert. In den Abschnitten IV. und V. werden die für die Jazzästhetik wichtige Frage nach dem »Fehler« und das entscheidende Thema der Normativität untersucht. Dazu werde ich geltend machen, dass die ›These der Unvollkommenheit‹ insbesondere deswegen unbefriedigend ist, weil sie die spezifische Normativität von Jazz als Improvisationskunst missversteht. In Abschnitt VI. wird schließlich erklärt, in welchem Sinne von einer Normativität der gelungenen Performanz die Rede sein kann und warum dies für unser Verständnis von Jazz bedeutend ist. Abschließend (VII.) wird diese Idee gegen mögliche Einwände verteidigt.<br><br>In this paper I aim at discussing the aesthetic-normative conditions for the right understanding and the right evaluation of jazz. My main point is this: The aesthetics of jazz is an aesthetics of the successful performance, rather than an aesthetics of imperfection. The paper will be structured as follows. SectionI introduces the topic. SectionII presents the ›imperfection thesis‹, while III discusses some arguments against it. Sections IV and V investigate two related questions: the first is about the role of the »mistake« in jazz; the second concerns the crucial topic of normativity. At this regard I will maintain that the ›imperfection thesis‹ does not work, especially because it misunderstands the specific normativity of jazz as improvisational art. Section VI is devoted to clarifying both in which sense the idea of a normativity of the successful performance is sound and why this idea is important for understanding jazz. Finally (VII) I defend this view against possible objections.

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