Now They Will Pretend to Equal Us

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-88
Author(s):  
Ryan Hall
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Intermountain West ◽  
The North ◽  
Lewis And Clark

This chapter describes Blackfoot responses to increasing colonial activity on the northwest plains and Rocky Mountains between 1806 and 1821. Ascending the Missouri River to their south, the American expedition of Lewis and Clark circumvented the Blackfoot to open ties with Native nations in the intermountain West. British explorer David Thompson did the same in the north, accessing the mountains near the headwaters of the North Saskatchewan River. Blackfoot people responded to these invasions with a targeted campaign of diplomacy and conflict, including blockades of key mountain passes, that severely limited American, Canadian, and British ambitions in the region for a generation. These conflicts also led to an overly simplistic depiction of Blackfoot “hostility” that lingers to this day.

scholarly journals Pygmy Shrew (Sorex hoyi) in Montana east of the Rocky Mountains with comments on its distribution across the northern Great Plains

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Paul Hendricks ◽  
Susan Lenard
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
The North ◽  
Pygmy Shrew ◽  
River Bottom

Range maps for Pygmy Shrew (Sorex hoyi) show a large hiatus over much of the northern Great Plains between the Rocky Mountains and eastern North Dakota. We report a new record of the Pygmy Shrew in northeastern Montana, review previous records for the state and adjacent regions bordering Montana to the north and east, and suggest that the range boundary in the northern Great Plains be redrawn farther south to include all of Montana north of the Missouri River. This is consistent with the known range of the Pygmy Shrew in eastern North Dakota and South Dakota, where the species has been documented only north and east of the Missouri River, although records are still lacking from north of the Missouri River in northwestern North Dakota and adjacent regions of Canada. Pygmy Shrews will probably be found at additional localities in prairie regions of Canada adjacent to Montana, most likely in association with prairie pothole wetlands, river bottom riparian vegetation, and hardwood draws.

Holocene climate recorded by magnetic properties of lake sediments in the Northern Rocky Mountains, USA

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-484
Author(s):  
Daniel P Maxbauer ◽  
Mark D Shapley ◽  
Christoph E Geiss ◽  
Emi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Magnetic Minerals ◽  
Holocene Climate ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
The North ◽  
Lake Bottom ◽  
Northern Rockies

We present two hypotheses regarding the evolution of Holocene climate in the Northern Rocky Mountains that stem from a previously unpublished environmental magnetic record from Jones Lake, Montana. First, we link two distinct intervals of fining magnetic grain size (documented by an increasing ratio of anhysteretic to isothermal remanent magnetization) to the authigenic production of magnetic minerals in Jones Lake bottom waters. We propose that authigenesis in Jones Lake is limited by rates of groundwater recharge and ultimately regional hydroclimate. Second, at ~8.3 ka, magnetic grain size increases sharply, accompanied by a drop in concentration of magnetic minerals, suggesting a rapid termination of magnetic mineral authigenesis that is coeval with widespread effects of the 8.2 ka event in the North Atlantic. This association suggests a hydroclimatic response to the 8.2 ka event in the Northern Rockies that to our knowledge is not well documented. These preliminary hypotheses present compelling new ideas that we hope will both highlight the sensitivity of magnetic properties to record climate variability and attract more work by future research into aridity, hydrochemical response, and climate dynamics in the Northern Rockies.

scholarly journals Ecological-taxonomic analysis of the petrophyte flora of Ikhrek (Rutulsky district) surroundings of Republic of Dagestan

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Agarza Medzhidovich Khalidov
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
North West ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mountain Country

The study of petrophytes, as a peculiar group of plants, is important for understanding the history of the flora and nature in general. Their ecological characteristics, taxonomic composition, geographic and genetic relationships and other characteristics carry information about the stages of development of the mountain country and its flora. Rutulsky district is a part of Highland Dagestan and borders on the Republic of Azerbaijan in the South, Akhtynsky and Kurakhsky districts in the East, Tlyaratinsky and Charodinsky districts in the North-West, Kulinsky, Agulsky and Laksky districts of the Republic of Dagestan in the North. The relief of Highland Dagestan, which is the area of our research, is characterized by a large slope, stony and rocky mountains. The following paper contains taxonomic, biomorphic, ecological analyses of petrophyte complexes of the studied area and an analysis of endemism and relict flora of petrophytic complexes. Herbarium material has helped to find the dominant family, genera and species of petrophyte complexes of the area. Biomorphic and environmental groups of petrophyte complexes have been studied. Confinement of petrophytes to different environmental conditions has been established. Endemic, relict and protected species of petrophyte complexes have been identified.

Decomposing the Critical Components of Flash Drought Using the Standardized Evaporative Stress Ratio

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Basara ◽  
Stuart Edris ◽  
Jordan Christian ◽  
Bradley Illston ◽  
Eric Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Stress Ratio ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Intensification ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Regional Reanalysis ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
The Individual

<p>Flash droughts occur rapidly (~1 month timescale) and have produced significant ecological, agricultural, and socioeconomical impacts. Recent advances in our understanding of flash droughts have resulted in methods to identify and quantify flash drought events and overall occurrence. However, while it is generally understood that flash drought consists of two critical components including (1) anomalous, rapid intensification and (2) the subsequent occurrence of drought, little work has been done to quantify the spatial and temporal occurrence of the individual components, their frequency of covariability, and null events. Thus, this study utilized the standardized evaporative stress ratio (SESR) method of flash drought identification applied to the North American Regional Reanalysis NARR) to quantify individual components of flash drought from 1979 – 2019. Individual case studies were examined and the the drought component was assessed using the United States Drought Monitor for 2010 – 2019.   Additionally, the flash component was assessed using results of previous flash drought studies. Further, the correlation coefficient and composite mean difference was calculated between the flash component and flash droughts identified to determine what regions, if any, experienced rapid intensification but did not fall into flash drought. The results yielded that SESR was able to represent the spatial coverage of drought well for regions east of the Rocky Mountains, with mixed success regarding the intensity of the drought events. The flash component tended to agree well with other flash drought studies though some differences existed especially for areas west of the Rocky Mountains which experience rapid intensification at high frequencies but did not achieve drought designations due to hyper-aridity.</p>

scholarly journals Interpreting Topographic Map Evidence Related to Northeast Nebraska Barbed Tributaries and Drainage Routes, USA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Eric Clausen
Keyword(s):  
Flow Direction ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
The South ◽  
Reversed Flow ◽  
The North ◽  
Flow Channels ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Missouri River Valley

Northeast Nebraska barbed tributaries include north-oriented streams flowing to the south-oriented Missouri River and south-oriented streams flowing to the north-oriented Missouri River tributaries. Detailed topographic maps were used to determine how these northeast Nebraska drainage routes originated. A giant south-oriented supra-glacial melt water river is interpreted to have sliced an ice-walled and bedrock-floored canyon into a decaying ice sheet’s surface where eastern South Dakota’s east-facing Missouri Escarpment and west-facing Prairie Coteau escarpment are now located and to have flowed from that canyon’s mouth across northeast Nebraska while South Dakota’s north-facing Pine Ridge Escarpment is interpreted to be the south wall of a large east-oriented valley that was eroded headward across immense southeast-oriented ice-marginal melt water floods which had originally flowed across northeast Nebraska. Prior to Missouri River valley headward erosion these two different immense melt water floods created and then flowed across a low relief and low gradient northeast Nebraska topographic surface. Present day northeast Nebraska topography developed when the deep south-oriented Missouri River valley and its south-oriented tributary valleys eroded headward into this low relief and low gradient topographic surface. As the deep Missouri River valley eroded headward it beheaded shallow south-oriented flood flow channels supplying water to new and actively eroding south-oriented Missouri River tributary valleys and water on north ends of the beheaded channels reversed flow direction to move toward the much deeper Missouri River valley. Water still moving in south directions adjacent to these reversed flow channels was then captured leading to development of south-oriented tributaries to the north-oriented streams.

Extension of lithofacies and conodont biofacies models of Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous carbonate ramp and black shale systems, southern Canadian Rocky Mountains

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1281-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauret E Savoy ◽  
Anita G Harris ◽  
Eric W Mountjoy
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Carbonate Ramp ◽  
Canadian Rocky Mountains ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
Conodont Biofacies ◽  
Northwestern Montana ◽  
International Border

Uppermost Devonian and Lower Mississippian strata in the Rocky Mountains of southwestern Canada and northwestern Montana record widespread oceanographic changes during middle to late Paleozoic time associated with the termination of a carbonate ramp system, the onset of a deep-water, low-oxygen event and possible marginal tectonism, and the later reestablishment of a carbonate ramp. Integrated lithofacies and conodont biofacies developed previously for these strata between the Bow Valley and the international border have been extended northward to the Athabasca region of the Alberta Rocky Mountains. During early-middle Famennian time, the southern Canadian Rocky Mountains region was the site of a westward-deepening and westward-thickening carbonate ramp system (Palliser Formation). By late Famennian time carbonate ramp deposition ended and was followed by widespread deposition of organic-rich, low-oxygen facies in shelf to basinal environments (Exshaw Formation and correlative units). The overlying Banff Formation consists of anaerobic to marginally aerobic, starved-basin to deep-ramp lithofacies succeeded by shallower water carbonates; this sequence records basinward (westward) progradation of the Banff ramp in middle to late Tournaisian time. Distinct conodont biofacies representative of shallow-ramp to deep-basin settings that were previously recognized in the southernmost Canadian Rocky Mountains and Montana have also been identified to the north between the North Saskatchewan and Athabasca valleys. Upper Palliser carbonates contain low-diversity conodont faunas of indigenous to transported palmatolepid-, polygnathid-, and apatognathid-dominated assemblages. Exshaw deposits contain indigenous and reworked palmatolepid- and bispathodid-dominated assemblages and reworked or transported polygnathids. Lower Banff biofacies include transported and indigenous assemblages of siphonodellids, polygnathids, and pseudopolygnathids representative of the deep-middle Banff ramp. Polygnathid-hindeodid biofacies of shallower middle-ramp environments occur higher in the Banff Formation in the North Saskatchewan and Athabasca valleys.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document