scholarly journals Assessment of toxic and essential heavy metals in imported dried fruits sold in the local markets of Jordan

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
“Ayat Allah” Al-Massaedh ◽  
Ahmad Gharaibeh ◽  
Samah Radaydeh ◽  
Idrees Al-Momani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Good Agreement

In the present study, the concentrations of nine heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb) in six different imported dried fruit samples of different brands (Mangoes, black raisins, figs, apricots, plums, and cranberries) were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) after wet digestion. Samples were collected from different stores in Amman, Jordan. The average concentration of the selected metals in the analyzed samples were found to be in the range of 1.70-8.70 (Fe), 0.15-0.72 (Zn), 0.09-0.59 (Mn), 0.07-0.46 (Cu), 2.5-53.4 (Mg), 0.06-0.15 (Cr), 0.17-0.29 (Ni), 0.01-0.05 (Cd), and 0.11-0.57 (Pb) µg/g. The highest concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mn, Mg, and Ni were found in dried figs, highest concentrations of Cr, Cd, and Pb were found in dried apricots, and highest concentrations of Cu was found in dried black raisins. The results obtained in this study showed that Mg and Fe have the highest concentrations in all analyzed samples, whereas, the lowest concentrations obtained were for Cd and Cr. The concentrations of the highly toxic metals (Pb and Cd) in the all analyzed samples were found to be below or in good agreement with the permissible limits set by different health organizations. The figures of merit obtained for the FAAS calibration curves are brilliant with good linearity (r2 > 0.99). The FAAS method was validated by determining limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), and percent recovery (%R) for all investigated metals. The results obtained in this work were compared with the literature reported values.

Modern Methodological Approaches to Sample Preparation for the Determination of Trace Elements in Food Products and Plant Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
NE Fedorova ◽  
MV Egorova ◽  
AS Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variances ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation

Introduction. Various copper compounds are most widely used as plant protection agents in agriculture. From a hygienic point of view, information on excessive accumulation of copper in plants related to the use of a specific formulation of copper-containing pesticides is of interest. Our objective was to assess feasibility of increasing statistical significance of results of determining low residue levels of a copper-containing pesticide in apple samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a high-resolution spectrometer in combination with developed approaches to sample preparation of plant-based foods, including homogenization with dry ice and microwave mineralization. Materials and methods: We analyzed 30 samples of apples collected in three different agro-climatic zones by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry. Both methods were validated on 10 samples with added copper at levels 1-5 of the lower limit of quantitation. A statistical calculation was performed based on a simple Student’s test to assess the significance of differences between the results of measurements by flame and electrothermal techniques. Homogeneity of variances was estimated using the Fisher test to clarify the possibility of comparing two data sets. Results: The use of a technique of cryo-grinding and microwave decomposition in a microwave reactor in combination with a high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry demonstrated a decrease in scattering and the limit of detection and better repeatability in the analysis of parallel samples. Results of statistical calculations confirmed the homogeneity of variances in data samples obtained for electrothermal and flame techniques, and the further Student’s t-test showed insignificant differences between the results of measurements obtained by FAAS and ET-AAS. Conclusion: Our findings prove that modern methods of sample preparation in combination with highly sensitive equipment allow a significant reduction in the limit of detection and scattering of test results.

scholarly journals THE RAPID AND GREEN HAIR ANALYSIS METHOD DEVELOPMENT USING FTIR FOR PAPAVERINE HCL DETERMINATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
ILMA NUGRAHANI ◽  
STEPHANIE SULISTIANA ◽  
SLAMET IBRAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Hair Sample ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Papaverine Hydrochloride

Objective: This study was aimed to develop a rapid analysis using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) for papaverine hydrochloride (HCl) determination in the hair sample, supported by a mathematically manipulation; which never been reported before in toxicology and forensic analysis. Methods: Firstly, the method was checked its validity to ensure the feasibility for the quantitative purpose. The absorbance spectrums were collected by measure the drug, matrix, and its mixture. A spectra which showed the best specificity and linearity then was selected and derived. Afterwards, the area under the curve (AUC) was measured. A series of concentration was used for compose the calibration curve. Based on the result, some validation parameters were checked thoroughly. Further, for sample preparation, hair was collected non-invasively, then was decontaminated using soap. Next, it was immersed into a papaverine HCl solution at a concentration of 25 mg/ml along days. Finally, the amount of drugs absorbed were measured by the developed method using FTIR. Results: Experimental data showed that all validation parameters could be fulfilled by the developed method. The selected spectra for the content determination was 1320-1230 cm-1. Its linearity was represented by a correlation coefficient value (r) ≥ 0.9999, variation coefficient (Vxo) ≤ 2.0%. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.00618% w/w, meanwhile, the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.02060% w/w, respectively. The percent recovery was in the range 97-103% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤ 2.0%. The drug has detected after 72 h immersion, moreover, after 192 h the concentration gained was 0.1594±0.0011% w/w. Conclusion: As the conclusion, FTIR absorbance-derivative method is adequate as a rapid procedure for determine papaverine HCl in the hair sample. This method shows the appropriate of specificity, accuracy and precise. In addition, it shows the advantages of simplicity, green/eco-friendlier, and cost-efficiency.

scholarly journals Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Pb dan Cu terhadap Penaeus merguiensis di Perairan Teluk Kelabat Bagian Dalam

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andini Komalasari ◽  
Budi Afriyansyah ◽  
Muhammad Ihsan ◽  
Mohammad Agung Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Average Ability ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Penaeus Merguiensis

Bioaccumulation of Pb and Cu Heavy Metals to Penaeus merguiensis in the Waters of Inner Kelabat BayThe waters of Kelabat Bay has a wealth of marine resources that is quite important in supporting the economy of Bangka Regency and West Bangka Regency. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cu (sea water, sediment, and Penaeus merguiensis) and measure the ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in Water, sediments and Penaeus merguiensis analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). The results showed that concentration of heavy metals in water with an average range of Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) and Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Average concentration of heavy metals in Pb sediments (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg ). Average concentration of Pb heavy metals in Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) and Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). The average ability of Penaeus merguiensis in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu is 15,83 to water and 0,19 to sediment. The value of the Bioconcentration Factor is below 250 (FBK <250) so it falls into the low category. Penaeus merguiensis is more exposed to heavy metals dissolved in water than those released from sediment.Perairan Teluk Kelabat memiliki kekayaan sumber daya laut yang cukup penting dalam mendukung perekonomian Kabupaten Bangka dan Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu (air laut, sedimen, dan Penaeus merguiensis) dan mengukur kemampuan Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu. Logam berat Pb dan Cu padaair, sedimen dan Penaeus merguiensisdianalisis menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Flame AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat dalam air dengan kisaran rata-rata Pb (0,1042-0,1748 mg/L) dan Cu (0,000013-0,000021 mg/L). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat dalam sedimen Pb (7,15-7,73 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0016-0,00219 mg/kg). Kisaran konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Pb di Penaeus merguiensis (1,34-1,54 mg/kg) dan Cu (0,0003-0,00045 mg/kg). Kemampuan rata-rata Penaeus merguiensis dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu yaitu 15,83 terhadap air dan 0,19 terhadap sedimen. Nilai Faktor Biokonsentrasi tersebut di bawah 250 (FBK< 250) sehingga masuk dalam kategori rendah. Penaeus merguiensis lebih banyak terpapar logam berat yang terlarut dalam air daripada yang terlepas dari sedimen. 

scholarly journals Development of Membrane Hollow Fiber for Determination of Maleic Anhydride in Ambient Air as a Field Sampler

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 797-805
Author(s):  
Ehsan Partovi ◽  
Abdulrahman Bahrami ◽  
Abbas AfKhami ◽  
Farshid Ghorbani Shahna ◽  
Farhad Ghamari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Breakthrough Volume ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation

Abstract This research develops a rapid method for sampling and analysis of maleic anhydride (MA) in air using a one-step hollow fiber (HF) membrane in the liquid phase followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. A sampling chamber was prepared for sampling of MA with HF-supported de-ionized water absorbency. Several important parameters, such as sampling flow rate, sampling time, and breakthrough volume (BTV), were optimized at different concentrations using a central composite design. The results showed that sampling could be performed at the maximum period of 4 h with a flow rate of 1 mL min–1 for different concentrations (in the range of 0.05–2 mg m–3). The BTV was 240 mL. The relative standard deviations for the repeatability of interday and intraday were 7–10%, 10%, respectively, and the pooled standard deviation was 0.088. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were 0.033 and 0.060 mg m–3, respectively. Moreover, our findings revealed that the samples could be stored in sealed HF flexible plastic tubes in a cover at refrigerator temperature (4°C) for up to 7 days. The HF method was compared with method number 3512 National Institute Occupational Safety and Health for determination of MA. There was a good correlation (R2 = 0.99) between the two methods at a concentration of 0.05 to 2 mg m–3 in the laboratory and the average concentration of MA for both methods was 0.11 mg m–3 in the ambient air at an adhesive manufacturer. Our findings indicated that the proposed HF can act as a reliable, rapid, and effective approach for sampling of MA in workplaces.

LIBS TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION PB CONCENTRATION IN SOIL SAMPLES NEAR CONTAMINATION SITE

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Arab ◽  
Noriah Bidin ◽  
Ida Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Breakdown Spectroscopy ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Laser Induced Breakdown ◽  
Heavy Metal Element ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper reports the analysis of heavy metal from contamination soil using laser ablation technique. The soil samples were taken at various distances (200-1000 m) and depths (10-50 cm) from Port Dickson power station area in Negeri Sembilan-Malaysia. All samples were dried and pelletized prior to excitation. Calibration was carried out by injected pure powder of Pb into the soil matrix. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was employed to ablate the sample. Maya spectrometer with resolution of 0.2 nm was utilized to record the emission spectrum of fluorescence beam. The quantitative results of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique were validate via flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) analysis which shown in a good agreement. The detected heavy metal element of lead also identified to be lower than the threshold limit set by DOE and Europe standard and yet the studied area is established to be among the lowest pollutant area in worldwide.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric and HPLC Method determination of Dofetilide in Formulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Harsha Dhurve ◽  
Yasmini Parshuramkar ◽  
Milind Umekar ◽  
Krishna Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Label Claim ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Good Agreement

A new, simple, specific and economic UV Spectrophotometric method and HPLC method for the estimation of Dofetilide content in bulk and laboratory prepared mixture. UV spectrophotometric detection was carried out at absorption maxima (λmax) at 231nm using methanol as a solvent. The quantitation of drug was carried out using A1% 1cm at 231nm and Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 2.5-20 μg/ml, with correlation coefficient value less than 1.The chromatographic separation was carried on a C-18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μ) column using an isocratic mode with a mixture of Acetonitrile:Phosphate Buffer (pH-7) in the ratio of 55:45% v/v as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.5ml/min, temperature is maintained at ambient and detection was made at 231 nm using Photodiode array (PDA) detector. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and different analytical parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation were determined. The percent amount of drug estimated was nearly 100%, found to be a good agreement with label claim of prepared laboratory mixture. The proposed method was validated for its accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and was found to be in range (% RSD<2.0 and SD <±2.0). Both methods were validated and found to be simple, sensitive, accurate, and precise. The results of the study and statistical data proved the applicability of the present method in routine analysis of Dofetilide in bulk as well as laboratory prepared mixture.

scholarly journals Simultaneous analysis of metals in various types of medicinl herbs commonly used to produce functional foods by ICP-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Chien Dinh Viet ◽  
Ha Le Van ◽  
Hieu Pham Cong ◽  
Chau Nguyen Minh ◽  
Minh Hien Lu Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation

ICP-MS method was optimized for the simultaneous analysis of 16 metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Sn, Sb, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn, Mo, Se, Cu, Fe, Zn , Al) in types of medicinal herbs commonly used to produce functional foods. The conditions of samples digestion in a closed system using a microwave and an opened system in Kjeldahl method have been studied in order to flexibly apply different methods of sample preparation in practice. The method was validated with parameters such as calibration curve, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, repeatability RSDr % (0.98 - 19.7%), reproducibility RSDR% (2.72 - 23.5%)&nbsp;and recovery R% (80.3 -109%) meeting the AOAC performance requirements. The method was applied to determine heavy metals in 40 samples of medicinal herbs of apart from the risk of pollution with some toxic heavy metals such as lead and cadmium in medicinal herbs.

scholarly journals Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals Levels In Borehole Water In Ongata Rongai, Kajiado County, Kenya.

2020 ◽  
pp. 09-15
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Borehole Water

The study was carried out to assess the levels of heavy metals in ground water sampled from ten selected borehole sites in Ongata Rongai town, Kajiado County. The levels of selected heavy metals analyzed were: Zinc, Lead, Mercury, Manganese, Cadmium and Chromium in dry and wet seasons the analysis was done by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Seasonal variation was considered as an aspect of pollution to the subsurface environment where there was no obvious observable environmental degradation or where unknown contaminants could have been disposed of, privately, without any matrix being charged. The analysis of water samples was done using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and the results for the metal levels were in the range of: Zinc Below Detectable Limits- 0.73±0.01 (mgl-1 ); lead 0.21±0.01- 0.33±0.01 (mgl-1 ), mercury 0.0010 ± 0.0001 - 0.0019±0.0001(mgl-1 ); 0.256±0.01 (mgl-1 ); manganese 0.03±0.01- 0.26±0.01 (mgl-1 ). Cadmium and chromium had levels below detectable limits in dry and wet seasons. The levels of zinc and manganese were higher in the dry season than those recommended by World Health Organization of 3.0mgl-1 and 0.01mgl-1 respectively. The presence of the heavy metals in the borehole water is of concern since they could impact negatively on human health even at low levels due their accumulation. Stringent management and public awareness are required in order to safeguard the environment and human health in Ongata Rongai town.

scholarly journals Validasi Metode Analisis Formaldehid Pada Tisu Basah

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Dwi Wahyuniati ◽  
Cicik Herlina Yulianti ◽  
Mercyska Suryandari
Keyword(s):  
Method Validation ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Liquid Composition ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Wet Condition ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Nash Reagent

ABSTRAKTisu basah merupakan istilah umum untuk menggambarkan sepotong bahan, umumnya ditambahkan dengan komposisi cairan atau semi cair, dimaksudkan untuk membersihkan dan memberikan rasa lembut. Tisu basah memiliki struktur berserat terdiri dari campuran serat selulosa pulp dan regenerasi, seperti rayon dan atau liosel, dengan atau tanpa serat pengikat. Pada proses produksi, komponen-komponen yang sengaja ditambahkan pada pembuatan tisu basah salah satunya adalah formaldehid sebagai penguat keadaan basah. Akan tetapi penggunaan yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan ruam pada kulit (dermatitis). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan validasi metode analisis formaldehid pada tisu basah dengan menggunakan metode absorpsi uap SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 dengan pereaksi nash menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Sampel yang digunakan adalah tisu basah dari satu merek. Validasi metode dilakukan untuk memastikan metode SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 dapat diterapkan, diperoleh hasil valid, dengan nilai R = 0,9993, yang mendekati nilai 1, menghasilkan persamaan regresi linier y = 0,0294x - 0,0317. Pengujian akurasi diperoleh rata-rata persen recovery sebesar 84,54%, 102,05%, dan 106,13%. Nilai RSD sebesar 1,62%. Hasil nilai LOD sebesar 0,040, sedangkan hasil nilai LOQ sebesar 0,136. Hasil validasi terhadap metode SNI ISO 14184 – 2 : 2015 dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 dapat digunakan untuk menguji formaldehid pada tisu basah. Kata kunci: Validasi, Tisu basah, Formaldehid, Pereaksi Nash, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis.ABSTRACT Wet wipes are the general terms to describe a piece of material, generally impregnated with a liquid or semi liquid composition, intended to both cleaning and providing a smooth feeling. Wet wipes has fibrous structures consist of a mixture of pulp and regenerated cellulose fibers, such as rayon and/or lyocell, with or without binding fibers. In product process, one of components expressly added was formaldehyde as strengthener as wet condition. But, excessive use of formaldehyde can cause skin rash (dermatitis). This study was aimed to Analysis Method Validation of Formaldehyde of Wet Wipes used vapour absorption SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 method with Nash Reagents by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, and used vapour absorption method. The wet wipes sample used was from one brand. Method validation was conducted to definite SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 method can be applied, the result was valid, r value is 0,9993, the linear regression y = 0,0294x – 0,0317, accuracy percent recovery study showed 84,54%, 102,05%, and 106,13%., Related standar deviation showed 1,62%, limit of detection was 0,040, limit of quantitation was 0,136. The validation result of SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 method can be concluded that SNI ISO 14184-2:2015 method can be applied to examine formaldehid on wet wipes.Keywords: Wet wipes, Formaldehyde, Validation, Nash Reagent, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry.

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