Andrographis paniculata (Family: Acanthaceae) is one the most commonly used
ethno-medicinal plants in certain parts of Asia and European countries. The phytochemical
analysis of the leaves of A. paniculata in aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, hydromethanolic
(1:1) and hydroethanolic (1:1) extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, amino acid,
alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, xanthoproteins and phenols.
The total phenolic, flavonoid contents and FRAP values were found to be highest in the
hydromethanolic extract i.e., 0.23 ± 0.008 mg GAE/g of FWt, 0.031± 0.00 mg QE/g FWt
and1.261 ± 0.03 mM FeSO4 respectively. Invitro antioxidant capacity by linear regression
analysis was measured by assaying DPPH radical and H2O2 scavenging capacities. The
respective IC50 values of the hydromethanolic extract of the plant were found to be 86.51
μg/ml and 298.27 μg/ml. The IC50 values for in vitro anti-inflammatory activities were
evaluated by heat induced protein denaturation (IC50 diclofenac = 574.06 μg/ml, IC50 APE = 179.7
μg/ml) and RBC membrane stabilization assay (IC50 diclofenac = 337.64 μg/ml, IC50 APE = 143.07
μg/ml). The IC50 values for in vitro anti-diabetic activities were evaluated by α-amylase
inhibition (IC50 acarbose = 379.71 μg/ml, IC50 APE = 328.54 μg/ml). In addition, glucose diffusion
was also monitored. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was studied against common
pathogens using well diffusion method. The purification of Andrographolide was carried out
using different physical separation techniques such as extraction and crystallization followed
by drying.