scholarly journals Etiologie a evoluční teorie mužské homosexuality

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-557
Author(s):  
Jakub Fořt ◽  
◽  
Šárka Kaňková ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Theoretical Base ◽  
Male Homosexuality ◽  
Evolutionary Theories ◽  
Evolutionary Role

Regarding the fact that gay men leave less offspring than straight men, it is appropriate to raise a question by which means is male homosexuality maintained in a population and what could eventually be its evolutionary role. The aim of this paper is to summarize theories that try to explain male homosexuality within the framework of evolution. Furthermore, it aims to critically evaluate the results of empirical research that support particular theories or give evidence against them. In the first part, the paper provides a review of knowledge about the genetic and immunological origins of male homosexuality which consequently serves as a theoretical base for the main part of the paper that pursues the five most influential evolutionary theories of male homosexuality.

scholarly journals Sacral rulers in pre-Christian Scandinavia: The possibilities of typological comparisons within the paradigm of cultural evolution

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-35
Author(s):  
Simon Nygaard
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Evolutionary Theories ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Societal Structure ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary

This article offers a new perspective on the century-old discussion of sacral rulers in the history of religions generally, and pre-Christian Scandinavian religions specifically, namely the application of a cultural evolutionary theoretical framework based on the work of Robert N. Bellah. In doing this, the article opens the possibility of wider typological comparisons within this paradigm and suggests a nuancing of Bellah’s typology with the addition of the category of ‘chiefdom religion’. This is utilised in the main part of the article, which features a comparison between the figure of the sacral ruler in pre-Christian Scandinavian and pre-Christian Hawaiian religions through an analysis of: 1) the position of the ruler in society, cult, and ideology; 2) the societal structure in which these religions are found; 3) the idea of a ruler sacrifice; 4) incestuous relationships and their ideological implications; and, finally, 5) the idea of a double rulership. Following this comparison, the perspectives in and the usefulness of cultural evolutionary theories in the history of religions are briefly evaluated.

Gay Men: The Sociology of Male Homosexuality.

1980 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Barry M. Dank ◽  
Martin P. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Male Homosexuality

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the attitudes toward gay men scale in Argentinian context: the influence of sex, authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgardo Etchezahar ◽  
Joaquín Ungaretti ◽  
Vicente Prado Gascó ◽  
Silvina Brusino
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Male Homosexuality ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism

Even though prejudice toward male homosexuality is one of the main reasons for discrimination in Argentina, there is no valid measure to assess it. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Attitudes Toward Gay Men Scale (ATG) and to examine the influence of sex, right wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation on anti-gay attitudes. Data were collected with a convenience sample of 436 undergraduate students from University of Buenos Aires. Analysis of the data showed adequate psychometric properties for the ATG Scale and the moderating effect of sex, right wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation on anti-gay attitudes. Implications of these findings were discussed.

Review of Gay men: The sociology of male homosexuality.

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 876-876
Author(s):  
JOSEPH LOPICCOLO
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Male Homosexuality

Corporeal Intentions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Amico
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
First Century ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Male Homosexuality ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Eurovision Song Contest ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Physical Beauty

This chapter explores how male homosexuality is suggested via the presentation of the sexualized male body as object of the gaze—an objectifying gaze placing the male in the position of the “feminine.” It looks at the efflorescence of images of male physical beauty in the musical discourses of numerous singers and bands in the first two decades of the twenty-first century in Russia and how these images were conflated with homosexuality or homoeroticism. To this end, the chapter examines instances of the male body's foregrounding in the work of Andrei Danilko, the groups Hi-Fi and Smash!!, and singer Dima Bilan (focusing on his appearances at the Eurovision Song Contest). It highlights not only the variable of the body's visibility (and, concomitantly, questions of power), but also the interrelated and phenomenologically inflected dynamics of intentionality, proximity, and orientation. It shows that visible male bodies, invoking the possibility of the homosexual, provide a sight/site for Russian gay men and also serve the goluboi.

scholarly journals Male homosexuality and maternal immune responsivity to the Y-linked protein NLGN4Y

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Bogaert ◽  
Malvina N. Skorska ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
José Gabrie ◽  
Adam J. MacNeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Male Homosexuality ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Older Brothers ◽  
Maternal Immune Response ◽  
Immune Assays

We conducted a direct test of an immunological explanation of the finding that gay men have a greater number of older brothers than do heterosexual men. This explanation posits that some mothers develop antibodies against a Y-linked protein important in male brain development, and that this effect becomes increasingly likely with each male gestation, altering brain structures underlying sexual orientation in their later-born sons. Immune assays targeting two Y-linked proteins important in brain development—protocadherin 11 Y-linked (PCDH11Y) and neuroligin 4 Y-linked (NLGN4Y; isoforms 1 and 2)—were developed. Plasma from mothers of sons, about half of whom had a gay son, along with additional controls (women with no sons, men) was analyzed for male protein-specific antibodies. Results indicated women had significantly higher anti-NLGN4Y levels than men. In addition, after statistically controlling for number of pregnancies, mothers of gay sons, particularly those with older brothers, had significantly higher anti-NLGN4Y levels than did the control samples of women, including mothers of heterosexual sons. The results suggest an association between a maternal immune response to NLGN4Y and subsequent sexual orientation in male offspring.

scholarly journals Music and Anthropogenic Climate Change: An Evolutionary Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Federico Andreoni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Biopsychosocial Approach ◽  
Evolutionary Theories ◽  
Evolutionary Role

Anthropogenic climate change (i.e., climate change generated by human activities) requires solutions that are grounded in both thoughtful analysis and emotional responses, promoting the creation of social bonding and the development of a common desire to implement changes in our personal lives and society at large. In this article, I use a biopsychosocial approach – an approach that takes into account biological, psychological, and socio-environmental factors – to study the role of music in eliciting emotions and enhancing social bonding. This approach will allow me to contextualize the role of music within the findings of current evolutionary theories of music, that is music theories that study the evolutionary function of music and show that music’s ability to unite people in the fight against climate change stems from its evolutionary role as a survival mechanism.

Avoiding the Vulva: Judicial Interpretations of Lesbian Sex Under the Divorce Act, 1968

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Pearlston
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Lesbian Women ◽  
Male Homosexuality ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Abstract The Divorce Act, 1968, provided no-fault divorce for the first time. It also included a list of fault-based grounds for divorce. In addition to the traditional grounds, a spouse whose wife or husband had “engaged in a homosexual act” during the marriage could petition for divorce. This novel provision was aimed at giving husbands a way to divorce their lesbian wives. A close reading of the resulting jurisprudence and surrounding context shows not only that courts struggled to define the homosexual act between women, but also that the legal history of lesbian women differs from that of gay men in a number of respects. Notably, male homosexuality was regulated primarily through criminal law. In contrast, when parliamentarians specifically addressed lesbians, they turned their minds to the family and family law.

The Graphic Novel: a “Cool” Format for Communicating to Generation Y

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy C. Short ◽  
Terrie C. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Graphic Novel ◽  
Theoretical Base ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Effective Manner

The graphic novel provides an attractive medium to communicate business concepts with a number of characteristics that may aid student learning in a more effective manner than traditional textbooks. The authors provide an overview of the graphic novel format and use McLuhan’s research on “hot” versus “cool” media as a theoretical base that highlights how and why this format can be a useful tool to present management content relevant for the current generation of business students. The authors provide examples of how the graphic novel medium could be applied to business concepts and conclude with an agenda for future empirical research.

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