scholarly journals IMPACT OF FOREIGN AIDS ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Adebayo Abiola Georgina ◽  
Afolayan Olufunmilayo T.
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of foreign aid on poverty alleviation in Nigeria over the period of 1990 to 2017. Data were collected from UNCTAD World Bank database and CBN Statistical Bulletin. Consequently, Cointegration, DOLS and Granger Causality techniques were utilized to address the objective of the study. The major findings are summarized as follow: Foreign aid has not led to poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Similarly, FDI has a negative impact on household consumption per capita and not significant at 10% level of significance. This implies that FDI does not reduce poverty in Nigeria. In addition, there is an existence of insignificant positive relationship between inflation rate and household consumption per capita in Nigeria. Furthermore, there is a unidirectional causality which runs from foreign aid to household consumption per capita. However, there is no feedback relationship between foreign aid and FDI, likewise FDI and household consumption per capita. Also, there is a unidirectional causal relationship flowing from inflation rate to household consumption per capita. Finally, due to the findings it is recommended that since foreign aid has no reducing impact on poverty in Nigeria, the policy makers should not depend on foreign aid as the only means of combating poverty in Nigeria. Therefore, a holistic approach for tackling the challenge of poverty in Nigeria is suggested and should be embraced.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Working Conditions, Employment, Career Development and Well-Being of Refugee Researchers

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ourania Tzoraki ◽  
Svetlana Dimitrova ◽  
Marin Barzakov ◽  
Saad Yaseen ◽  
Vasilis Gavalas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Impact

The ongoing ‘refugee crisis’ of the past years has led to the migration of refugee researchers (RRs) to European countries. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, RRs often had to work from home and/or to continue their social, cultural and economic integration process under new conditions. An online survey carried out to explore the impact of the pandemic on the refugee researchers showed that RRs found it difficult to adapt their everyday working life to the ‘home’ setting. The majority have had neither a suitable work environment at home nor the appropriate technology. Although they stated that they are rather pleased with the measures taken by the public authorities, they expressed concern about their vulnerability due to their precarious contracts and the bureaucratic asylum procedures, as the pandemic has had a negative impact on these major issues. The majority of RRs working in academia seem not to have been affected at all as far as their income is concerned, while the majority of those employed in other sectors became unemployed during the pandemic (58%). Recommendations are provided to the public authorities and policy makers to assist RRs to mitigate the consequences of the pandemic on their life.

Nonfarm diversification and the well-being of rural farm households in developing countries: Evidence from Ghana using new dataset

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-229
Author(s):  
Bernardin Senadza ◽  
Edward Nketiah-Amponsah ◽  
Samuel Ampaw
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper examines the impact of participation in both farm and nonfarm activities on both household consumption expenditure per adult equivalent and household per capita income, in rural Ghana. The objective is to ascertain whether the results are sensitive to the choice of well-being measure. We use a nationally representative dataset on 8,059 rural farm households collected in 2012/13. In order to account for potential selectivity and endogeneity biases, which previous studies failed to correct for, we adopt the endogenous switching regression (ESR) estimation technique. We find diversified households to be systematically different from their undiversified counterparts in terms of socioeconomic and demographic centeracteristics, thus justifying the empirical method used. Our results indicate a higher observed mean consumption for the diversified sub-sample compared to its counterfactual, implying that households participating in nonfarm enterprise activities in addition to farming have greater mean consumption compared to households engaged solely in farming. Similar conclusions are reached when income instead is used as the well-being indicator. Our findings, thus, indicate that the well-being implication of farm-nonfarm diversification is insensitive to the choice of well-being measure.

scholarly journals AID AND GROWTH IN BANGLADESH: A REASSESSMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 422-440
Author(s):  
Sharif Hossain ◽  
Rajarshi Mitra ◽  
Thasinul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

Although the amount of foreign aid received by Bangladesh as a share of GDP has declined over the years, Bangladesh remains one of the heavily aiddependent countries in Asia. The results of most empirical studies that have examined the effectiveness of foreign aid or other forms of development assistance for economic growth have varied considerably depending on the econometric methodology used and the period of study. As the debate and controversy over aid-effectiveness for economic growth continue to grow, this paper reinvestigates the short-run and long-run effects of foreign aid received on percapita real income of Bangladesh over the period 1972–2015. A vector error correction model is estimated. The results indicate lack of any significant short-run and long-run relation between foreign aid and per-capita real income. Results further indicate short-run unidirectional causalities from per-capita real GDP to domestic investment (in proportion to GDP), from government expenditure (in proportion to GDP) to inflation rate, from inflation rate to domestic investment (in proportion to GDP), and from domestic investment to foreign aid (as percentages of GDP). Short-run bidirectional causality is observed between per-capita electricity consumption and per-capita real GDP, and between per-capita real GDP and government expenditure (in proportion to GDP).

Technological Innovation and the Agricultural Sustainability

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Rachida Khaled ◽  
Lamine Hammas
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The diffusion of the technological innovation can affect the agricultural sector in the three-sided (social, economic and environmental), a hand, it can contribute to solve problems of the agricultural sector: the effects of the climatic changes, the farming exodus and the migration and the problems of poverty and it can improve the agricultural productivity. But on the other hand, he can lead to new problems, such as depletion of energy resources caused by excessive use of energizing technologies, pollution of air and water and the destruction of soil by industrial waste. This paper aims to theoretically and empirically analyze the role of technological innovation in improving agricultural sustainability through the impact of mechanization on agricultural productivity, energy production and net income per capita for a panel of three Maghreb countries (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) during the period 1997-2012. By using simultaneous equations, the authors' finding that technological innovation cannot achieve the purpose of sustainable development in the agriculture sector in the Maghreb countries through the negative impact of mechanization and research and development on agricultural productivity.

Theoretical Application of Public Sector Planning and Budgeting

2018 ◽  
pp. 248-279
Author(s):  
Caroline E. Covell
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Government Structure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Theoretical Application ◽  
The Impact

The corporatization of the government has resulted in the change of the government structure and it has a negative impact on the fiscal budgeting. This change has also resulted in the equalization and generalization of the public-sector finance to private-sector finance. The impact is the disappearance of sources of funds and the adoption of the four-legged horse budget apocalypse and the categorical funding. This adoption has resulted in economic marginalization, social exclusion, massive corruption, and non-sustainability. A sustainable fiscal budget design requires the application of theory on practice and a holistic approach through the organizational structure and the timeframe of each jurisdiction, based on factual evidence and scientific analysis.

The Inter-Linkage Between Governance and Poverty

2019 ◽  
pp. 838-865
Author(s):  
Maniklal Adhikary ◽  
Dyuti Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Regulatory Quality ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
The Impact

This chapter aims at assessing the impact of governance on the country's economic and human well-being in the selected South Asian countries. The study finds that for the countries-India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal, over the years 1990-2012, the growing rate of GDP per capita (PPP) and growing employment to population ratio has a significant negative impact on the Global Hunger Index as expected. Also the panel regression run for the eight SAARC countries over the period 2007-13 to find out the impact of each of the six governance indicators on the per capita GDP showed that political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have very strong and significant role in augmenting the economic output besides the remaining indicators. The trends for each of the indicators across countries over time show that except Bhutan, none of the countries are exhibiting good performance of the governance indicators.

DOES FOREIGN AID HELP OR HINDER THE INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY OF THE RECIPIENT COUNTRY? NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE OIC COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD ASHRAFUL FERDOUS CHOWDHURY ◽  
MOHAMED ARIFF ◽  
MANSUR MASIH ◽  
IZLIN ISMAIL
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Average Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence

This study examines the impact of foreign aid on the institutional quality (IQ) of the OIC countries. Using the data of OIC countries for the three-year average period from 1991 to 2016, the system GMM finds that aid in general deteriorates the IQ for the aid recipient countries. However, quantile regression suggests that the negative impact of foreign aid on institutional quality (IQ) is relatively greater in the countries where the existing quality of institution is poor. The findings of the study suggest that improving the existing capacity is essential for reaping the optimum benefit of foreign aid on institutional development.

scholarly journals The impact of urbanization and financial development on electricity intensity in China: Evidence from panel VAR approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Ruijun Duan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Panel Var ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
Positive Shock ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electricity Intensity

This paper aims at exploring the impact of urbanization and financial development on electricity intensity in China during the period 2004-2018. By employing a panel vector autoregressive (VAR) approach, the study finds that the electricity intensity response to one standard deviation shock on urbanization shows a negative impact, and a positive shock to financial development initially increases electricity intensity and eventually decreases electricity intensity. Our analysis is important for policy makers for improving electricity efficiency planning and sustainable economic development policies.

The role of governance in economic development

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1265-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Chandra Emirullah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Openness To Trade ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of corruption as an important element of weak governance, with control variables such as inflation rate, openness to trade and dependency ratio on gross domestic product (GDP) per capita income of nine selected countries in Asia and the Pacific. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on an annual panel data covering the period from 1985 to 2012, and a simple multiple regression for empirical investigation is used. Both fixed effects and random effects models were used as analytical techniques. Findings – The study reveals that both corruption and inflation rate are negatively related to GDP per capita and are statistically significant. As to the impacts of the control variables i.e., dependency ratio is found to be negative and openness to trade to be statistically significant which shows a positive impact on GDP per capita. Practical implications – The results resoundingly confirmed the importance of good governance, therefore, reducing endemic corruption and controlling inflation needs to be among the foremost factors for consideration for policymakers in adopting and implementing macroeconomic and public policies. In order to be most effective in tackling corruption, it is important to get to the root of the problem. In light of the study findings, it is suggested that corruption need to be put under control and economies be made more open to attain more benefits and accelerate economic growth and development. Originality/value – Explicitly, this study provides some valuable evidence on the linkage between endemic corruption and economic growth in some Asia and the Pacific countries in particular and on developing world in general. Presumably, this is the first inclusive investigation on the subject under the study in the context of Asia and the Pacific countries and will emphatically contribute to the literature as well.

Labor Market Transition and the Impact of Education on Real Per Capita Household Consumption Expenditure in Vietnam

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Hoang Van Kinh ◽  
Daniel Westbrook
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Market Activity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Labor Market Activity

The degree to which the impact of schooling on real per capita household consumption expenditure (rpce) depends on the intensity of local labor market activity was estimated and changes in that relationship during a substantial part of Vietnam’s transition period (1993–2004 were documented). Key variables in the analysis are the years of schooling attained by the best-educated member of each household, an index of labor market activity at the commune level, and the interaction between the two. As schooling is likely to be endogenous, average educational attainment of others in the same age, gender, and commune cohort was used as an instrumental variable (IV). The estimated impact of educational attainment on rpce is economically substantial, statistically significant, increasing over time, and is powerfully enhanced by increasing labor market activity.

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