scholarly journals INTERGRANULAR CORROSION AND DUCTILE-BRITTLE TRANSITION BEHAVIOUR IN MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 031-041
Author(s):  
Gunawan Gunawan ◽  
Amir Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Failure ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Type Selection ◽  
Careful Handling ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Economic Considerations

Material mechanical behavior is critical for both safety and economic considerations. Because engineering items are manufactured using appropriate grade materials, mechanical approval of the materials used must be completed before assembly. Petrochemicals, marine, and biomaterials are just a few of the industries that use stainless steel. Despite its extensive use, structural failure is still frequently caused by inadequate stainless steel type selection. As a result, dangerous conditions, resulting in personal harm or financial loss. Dangerous conditions is might result in accidents, resulting in personal injury or financial loss. Martensite stainless steel is a type of stainless steel with a high strength value but is brittle, necessitating careful handling. Intergranular corrosion, sensitization, tempering heat treatment, and the Ductile to Brittle Transition Temperature (DBTT) are topics still working on Martensite stainless steel for researchers.

scholarly journals The Intergranular Corrosion Susceptibility of Metastable Austenitic Cr–Mn–Ni–N–Cu High-Strength Stainless Steel under Various Heat Treatments

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Liu ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Yawen Cheng ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Yiming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Acid Etch ◽  
Epr Test

The intergranular corrosion (IGC) behavior of a new metastable austenitic Cr–Mn–Ni–N–Cu high-strength stainless steel under various heat treatments was studied. The samples were solution treated at 1050 °C for 30 min and then aged at 600 to 900 °C for 10 to 300 min, respectively. The IGC susceptibility of aged samples was investigated using a double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test in a solution of 0.1 M H2SO4 and 0.002 M KSCN and the 10% oxalic acid etch. The surface morphologies of samples were characterized using optical microscopy and the scanning electron microscopy after electrochemical tests. Two time-temperature-sensitization diagrams were plotted based on the DL-EPR test and oxalic acid etching. No IGC and precipitate were observed for samples aged at 600 °C and 900 °C. For samples aged at 650 °C to 750 °C, the IGC susceptibility and the amount of precipitate both increased with the extended aging time. For samples aged at 800 °C and 850 °C, the amount of precipitate increased as the aging time was prolonged. However, only the sample aged at 800 °C for 60 min showed slight intergranular corrosion in the DL-EPR test. The IGC of the Cr–Mn–Ni–N–Cu austenitic stainless steel originated from the precipitation of Cr23C6 and Cr2N at the grain boundaries. The chromium-depleted zones near grain boundaries stood as the corrosion nucleation sites, but the dissolution of the weak area followed a consistent crystallographic orientation along each grain boundary.

A TEM microscopical investigation of the magnetic domain structure of a metastable austenitic stainless steel

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
G. Fourlaris ◽  
T. Gladman
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Domain ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel

Stainless steels have widespread applications due to their good corrosion resistance, but for certain types of large naval constructions, other requirements are imposed such as high strength and toughness , and modified magnetic characteristics.The magnetic characteristics of a 302 type metastable austenitic stainless steel has been assessed after various cold rolling treatments designed to increase strength by strain inducement of martensite. A grade 817M40 low alloy medium carbon steel was used as a reference material.The metastable austenitic stainless steel after solution treatment possesses a fully austenitic microstructure. However its tensile strength , in the solution treated condition , is low.Cold rolling results in the strain induced transformation to α’- martensite in austenitic matrix and enhances the tensile strength. However , α’-martensite is ferromagnetic , and its introduction to an otherwise fully paramagnetic matrix alters the magnetic response of the material. An example of the mixed martensitic-retained austenitic microstructure obtained after the cold rolling experiment is provided in the SEM micrograph of Figure 1.

METGLAS MBF-30/30A

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Metallic Glass ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract METGLAS MBF-30A is a brazing foil in ductile, flexible metallic-glass form (a similar grade, MBF-30, is identical except that it has larger dimensional tolerances). This foil provides an alloy with high strength at both elevated and room temperatures. It can be used to join highly stressed stainless steel and heat-resisting alloy components. The excellent flow characteristics of this alloy recommend it for assemblies with good fit-up and tight-tolerance joints. It works well on thin-foil, honeycomb designs and on fairly heavy components. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and microstructure. It also includes information on heat treating. Filing Code: Ni-273. Producer or source: Allied Corporation.

NIROSTA 4429

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Pitting Corrosion Resistance

Abstract Nirosta 4429 is a low-carbon, high-nitrogen version of type 316 stainless steel. The low carbon imparts intergranular corrosion resistance while the nitrogen imparts both higher strength and some increased pitting corrosion resistance. It is recommended for use as welded parts that need not or cannot be annealed after welding. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-787. Producer or source: ThyssenKrupp Nirosta.

SANDVIK 5R75

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Sandvik 5R75 is a molybdenum-containing austenitic stainless steel with titanium added to prevent intergranular corrosion by tying up the carbon. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-777. Producer or source: Sandvik Steel Company. Originally published March 2000, corrected November 2000.

AISI No. 633

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Structural Applications

Abstract AISI No. 633 is a chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel whose properties can be changed by heat treatment. It bridges the gap between the austenitic and martensitic stainless steels; that is, it has some of the properties of each. Its uses include high-strength structural applications, corrosion-resistant springs and knife blades. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-389. Producer or source: Stainless steel mills.

ARMCO 21-6-9

Alloy Digest ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Armco 21-6-9 is an austenitic stainless steel alloy designed for use in applications where a combination of high strength and corrosion resistance is desired. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-125. Producer or source: Armco Inc., Eastern Steel Division.

JETHETE M.151

Alloy Digest ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract Jethete M.151 is a high strength, transformable stainless steel, suitable for welding. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-116. Producer or source: Luria Steel & Trading Corporation (Agent).

ALLVAC 13-8

Alloy Digest ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Very High

Abstract Allvac 13-8 has good fabricability and can be age hardened by a single treatment in the range 510-620 deg C (950-1150 deg F). Cold working prior to aging enhances the aging. This martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel has very good resistance to general corrosion and stress-corrosion cracking. It develops very high strength and exhibits good transverse ductility and toughness in heavy sections. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-866. Producer or source: Allvac Metals Company.

AL 15-7 PRECIPITATION HARDENING ALLOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Allegheny Ludlum AL 15-7 Alloy is a chromium-nickel-molybdenum-aluminum semi-austenitic stainless steel. It is heat treatable to high strength and it has a moderate level of corrosion resistance. It is available both as a conventionally melted product and as vacuum arc or electroslag refined material. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-496. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation.

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