scholarly journals Place of Clusters and Cluster Policy in the Economic Policy in Germany and Poland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Anna H. JANKOWIAK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Business ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Cluster Policy

In the global economy, more and more emphasis is placed on cooperation between various entities. Networking has become the basis for understanding the international business, in which enterprises achieve better results being a part of a more extensive network covering an increasing number of countries.

The end of Alchemy of Finance and Sovereign Money (on the books by M. King “The end of Alchemy: Money, Banking and the Future of the Global Economy” and by J. Huber “Sovereign Money. Beyond Reserve Banking”)

2017 ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Yefimov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Money Creation ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Reserve Banking

The review discusses the institutional theory of money considered in the books by King and Huber, and the conclusions that follow from it for economic policy. In accordance with this theory, at present the most of the money supply is created not by the Central Bank but by private banks. When a bank issues a loan, new money is created, and when the loan is repaid this money is destructed. The concept of sovereign money involves the monopoly of money creation of the central bank. In this case the most of newly created money is handed over to the ministry of finance to implement government spending.

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN THE CONDITION OF THE CORONA-CRISIS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Pasulka ◽  
◽  
Nataliya Kushnir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Italian Economy ◽  
The World

Introduction. The situation in the global economy and business during the COVID-19 pandemic is analyzed in this article. More than 30 million people worldwide have already been infected with the coronavirus, which came from China. However, the spread of the disease has also had an extremely serious impact on the economies of various countries in the world. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development has already said that it will take many years for the world to recover from the pandemic. EU GDP in the second quarter of 2020 showed a record decline - 14.4% year on year. The German economy returned to the level of 2011, the Spanish - in 2002, and the Italian economy was rejected in the early 1990s. These and other characteristics show the importance of research on this topic and problem, because it does not apply to a particular region or a particular country, but the whole world.

scholarly journals Commonalities and Differences of Cluster Policy of Asian Countries; Discussion on Cluster Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski ◽  
Marta Mackiewicz
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development

The article aims at investigating the commonalities and differences between cluster policies in selected East Asian and Southeast Asian countries: Thailand, Singapore, South Korea, and China, to outline the Asian model of a cluster policy. Clusters play a significant role in the economic development of these countries, and some practical experiences from Asia may be used to shape the cluster policy in the recovery process after the COVID-19 pandemic. The conducted research contributes to a better understanding of the cluster formation process, cluster development, and policy aims in the analyzed countries. In Singapore and South Korea, which are among the most innovative countries in the global economy, cluster policy is to a great extent part of innovation policy, focusing on facilitating the networking and cooperation between science and business, the flow of knowledge, transfer of technology, and developing innovative technologies of key economic importance. In China and Thailand, which are developing countries, there is a much stronger role of foreign direct investments, which take the central place in the cluster structure. However, one common characteristic of cluster development patterns in all the analyzed countries is a top-down approach, where clusters are emerging and developing mostly as a result of governmental decisions and public programs.

scholarly journals Improving Relations between a State and a Business Enterprise in the Context of Counteracting Adverse Effects of the Resource Curse

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Marek Szturo ◽  
Bogdan Włodarczyk ◽  
Alberto Burchi ◽  
Ireneusz Miciuła ◽  
Karolina Szturo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Strategic Resources ◽  
Key Resources

Natural resources play a significant role in the development of the global economy. This refers, in particular, to strategic fuel and mineral resources. Due to the limited supply of natural resources and the lack of substitutes for most of the key resources in the world, the competition for the access to strategic resources is a feature of the global economy. It would seem that the countries which are rich in resources, because of this huge demand, enjoy spectacular economic prosperity. However, the results of empirical studies have demonstrated what is known as the ‘resource curse’. This article concentrates on the characteristics of the paradox of plenty, and in particular on the possibilities of preventing this phenomenon. The aim of this article is to identify the measures of economic policy with which to counteract the resource curse, based on the relationship between the state and the extraction business. Upon the critical analysis of the relevant literature, we concluded that the state’s economic policy, implemented in cooperation with the extraction business, is increasingly important for the prevention of the resource curse. In the context of the resource curse, the optimal and most consensual instrument, in comparison with other resource sharing agreements, is a production sharing agreement (PSA), which should also be adjusted to the current local economic conditions in a given country.

ASSESSMENT OF CONSTRAINING FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE EAST ASIAN REGION AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
K. D. GVASALIYA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
East Asian Region ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
New Development ◽  
Holding Back

The East Asian Region is one of the most dynamically developing regions in the global economy and international business. Any East Asian company strives to become international and gain new development opportunities, maximize profits. Asian entrepreneurs are increasingly competing with European and American companies every year. Despite these outstanding results, there are a number of social and economic factors holding back business development in East Asia. This article assesses the main problems of international business development in the countries of the East Asian region, developed an algorithm for successful func-tioning within the framework of international business for East Asian entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Economic productivity and competitiveness of Ukrainian exports due to the global challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Lesia Petkova ◽  
Olena Berezina ◽  
Iryna Honcharenko ◽  
Ihor Osadchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Result ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

Productivity and economic growth are key factors to maintain and improve the competitiveness of nations in the global market. The paper analyzes the prospects for the competitiveness of Ukrainian exports in the terms of pandemic circumstances and post-pandemic recovery of the global economy. The prospects for strengthening the competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy evaluating based on the modified approach for assessing the revealed comparative advantage. The dynamics and structure of major industries exports were estimating. The research result proved that the growth of innovative products in the iron and steel industry increases its competitiveness in the world market. The established reduction of the identified comparative advantages index for the main exports positions reflects the presence of structural and technological lags in the modern structure of the national economy and requires economic policy measures aimed at long-term action. Respectively, the main goals of contemporary national economic policy aimed at promoting the export competitiveness of Ukrainian products (goods & services) have to be the stimulating of R&D, infrastructure modernization and capital deepening.

International Business, Entrepreneurship and the Global Economy

2010 ◽  
pp. 431-456
Author(s):  
Siri A. Terjesen ◽  
Zoltan J. Acs ◽  
David B. Audretsch
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Global Economy

Is there a commendable regime for combatting money laundering in international business transactions?

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Emerson Clarke
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
State Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
The Uk

Purpose Money laundering and grand business corruption continue to plague the global economy, accounting for 2%-5% of the global gross domestic product. Illicit funds, produced through grand corruption, are laundered using complex layering schemes that cloak them in legitimacy by concealing their origins. Lamentably, weak anti-money laundering (AML) frameworks promote economic instability, unjust commercial advantages and organized crimes. This study aims to highlight the need for comprehensive anti-corruption and AML frameworks by critiquing the exploitable gaps in the global AML regime created by heterogeneous state-level AML regimes to date. Design/methodology/approach This study welcomes the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and the financial action task force (FATF) recommendations but underscores the limitations of their effectiveness by investigating state-level enforcement mechanisms to determine these instruments’ true impact or lack thereof. The mutual evaluation reports (MERs) and state-level AML regimes in the UK, the USA and Canada are analyzed to illustrate the distinct implementation of international soft law in domestic legislation. Findings This study finds that UNCAC and the FATF recommendations are pivotal steps towards the establishment of a global AML regime for international business, albeit, one that remains imperfect because of the inconsistency of state-level AML frameworks. Consequently, international cooperation is needed to navigate and improve the discrepancies in varied AML legislation. Originality/value The author provides an in-depth and balanced analysis of current state-level AML developments and relies upon the recent 2016-2018 MERs to indicate the successes and flaws of various AML legislation. Therefore, this critique may guide stakeholders to construct robust AML frameworks and contributes to academic research in AML.

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