scholarly journals Profitability analysis of goat marketing in Ado Ekiti metropolis, Ekiti State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
F. O. Bamigboye ◽  
J. O. Oluwasusi ◽  
A. R. Sodiq
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Marketing Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Profitability of a livestock business has a great influence on its sourcing, distribution and sustainability. Thus, this study was carried out to determine the profitability of goat enterprise. A total of sixty respondents were randomly selected from two major markets in Ado-Ekiti metropolis (Shasha and Oja-Oba markets). Data were collected through the use of structured questionnaire coupled with personal interview on socio economic characteristics of the respondents, cost and returns from goat marketing. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and budgeting analysis. The results on socio economic characteristics showed that goat marketers were predominantly married (63.3%) and relatively old (with a mean age of 58 years) in the study area. Profitability of a livestock business has a great influence on its sourcing, distribution and sustainability. Thus, this study was carried out to determine the profitability of goat enterprise. A total of sixty respondents were randomly selected from two major markets in Ado-Ekiti metropolis (Shasha and Oja-Oba markets). Data were collected through the use of structured questionnaire coupled with personal interview on socio economic characteristics of the respondents, cost and returns from goat marketing. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and budgeting analysis. The results on socio economic characteristics showed that goat marketers were predominantly married (63.3%) and relatively old (with a mean age of 58 years) in the study area. The costs and returns analysis showed that mean Total Variable Cost (TVC) incurred in the marketing of goats per annum was N489, 700.00 while the mean Total Revenue (TR) was N720, 000.00 and the mean Gross Margin (GM) per seller was N230,300.00. The results implied that goat marketing in the study area is a profitable business involving both young and old, male and female, educated and illiterate.

scholarly journals Determinants of Profitability of Bushmeat Marketing in Oluyole Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-722
Author(s):  
K.T. Layade ◽  
A.A. Layade ◽  
Y.T. Owoeye ◽  
O.A. Adenika ◽  
O.T. Oyediji
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Marketing Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

: The study was carried out to find out the determinants of profitability in bushmeat marketing in Oluyole Government, Oyo state, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained through the use of thirty structured questionnaire administered to bushmeat marketers using a random sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, market efficiency and regression analysis. The results showed that all the respondents were female (100%) and married (84%). The mean age of the respondents was 48.0±7.0 years, 83.3% had formal education with average year of experience of 24.0 ±8.0 years in bushmeat marketing. Profitability analysis revealed that bushmeat marketing is profitable venture with an average market margins of N25,309.00 and N6,433.33 per week for fresh and smoked bushmeat respectively. The marketing efficiency was greater than unity (ME>1). Regression analysis result indicated a significant relationship between year of education, marital status, membership of association and the marketing margin (p<0.01). The study thus recommends a policy that will regulate marketing of bushmeat to further enhance its efficiency in the study area.

scholarly journals Economics of hybrid maize production in some selected areas of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Karim ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
QM Alam
Keyword(s):  
High Price ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The present study is an attempt to assess the existing agronomic practices of hybrid maize cultivation, its profitability, constraints, and factors affecting hybrid maize production. The majority of the total farmers sowed seeds during the first week of December. The average seed rate was found to be 20.94 kg per hectare. About 16 varieties were found to cultivate by farmers, of which majority farmers used NK-40 followed by Pacific-II. All kinds of fertilizer used by the farmers were below the optimum level of recommendation. About 33 and 28 percent of the total variable cost was for human labour and chemical fertilizer, respectively. The average yield of hybrid maize was found higher than the national average. The average gross margin was observed to be Tk. 28456 on total variable cost basis. The cost per kilogram of maize cultivation was Tk. 4.12 and return from one kilogram of maize production was Tk. 7.80. It is found that the coefficient of human labour, land preparation, irrigation, urea and borax have significantly impact on gross return. Timely non-availability of seeds, high price of fertilizer, and low price of yield were the major problems for hybrid maize production. Farmers cultivated hybrid maize because of higher yield, higher income, and easy growing. Keywords: Gross return; gross margin; profitability. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i1.5869Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 83-93, March 2010

scholarly journals Economics of Black gram cultivation and its impact on farmers livelihood in two selected districts of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
M Mohiuddin ◽  
N Akter ◽  
R Khanum
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Price Instability ◽  
Returns To Labour

The present study is an attempt to assess the existing agronomic practices of black gram cultivation, its impact on farmers livelihood and constraints of black gram production and marketing. Primary data from 85 farmers were collected during February to March 2016 through face to face interviews. Descriptive statistics and Garret ranking method were used to analyze the data. The majority of the farmers had sown seeds during the last week of September to first week of October. The average seed rate was found to be 19.36 kg per hectare which indicated that all farm households used below recommended dose of seeds (35-40 kg/ha). The average yield of black gram was found higher than the national average. The average net income was observed to be Tk. 26990 and Tk. 19845 in Sherpur and Jamalpur respectively. The average gross margin was observed to be Tk. 37629 on total variable cost basis. It was also found that average returns to labour was Tk. 1000/man-day in Sherpur and Tk. 692/man-day in Jamalpur district respectively. It was also observed that all kinds of livelihood assets of the selected farmers increased significantly through black gram farming. The results revealed that the main constraints faced by black gram grower were lack of irrigation facility, non availability of HYV seeds, low output price, labour scarcity, lack of knowledge about improved varieties with their production technology, excessive rainfall after flowering and weak research-extension farmers linkage etc. Farmers also faced some marketing related problems such as limited buyers, price instability, lack of storage facilities and high market toll. Farmers cultivated black gram because of higher yield, higher income, and easy growing. SAARC J. Agri., 16(2): 83-96 (2018)

scholarly journals Agro-economic analysis of maize production in Bangladesh: a farm level study

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MK Karim ◽  
QM Alam
Keyword(s):  
High Price ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Cash Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was carried out in four major maize growing areas namely Chuadanga, Dinajpur, Bogra and Lalmonirhat during 2006-2007 to know profitability level of maize production in Bangladesh. A total of 200 randomly selected maize growers taking 50 from each location were interviewed using pre-designed interview schedule. The average yield was found to be 8.00 t/ha. The average costs of maize production were Tk 44197, Tk 33195 and Tk 24441 per hectare on total cost, variable cost and cash cost basis respectively and gross return was Tk 69773 per hectare. The gross margin was Tk 36578/ha on total variable cost (TVC) and Tk 45332/ha on cash cost basis. The net return was observed to be Tk 25575 per hectare. Benefit cost ratios were calculated as 1.58, 2.10 and 2.85 on total cost, variable cost and cash cost basis respectively. As a result, maize cultivation was more profitable. Lack of capital and high price of TSP were the main constraints to its higher production.Key Words: Maize; production; agro-economic.DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5748Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 15-24, March 2009

scholarly journals Usage of indigenous production and preservation practices by maize farmers in Ugbokolo, Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 052-058
Author(s):  
Mary Ojotule Agada ◽  
Victor Akwu Otene ◽  
Sunday Ogwuche Adikwu
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Indigenous Production ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Maize Cobs ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study assessed the usage of indigenous knowledge in the production and preservation of maize by farmers in Ugbokolo, Benue State, Nigeria. Maize farmers formed the population of the study, of which a sample of 148 respondents were selected. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that 61.3% of the respondents were male, the mean age was 51.02 years, 47.3% possessed primary education, the mean household size was 7 persons, mean farm size was 2.79 Ha, and the mean output was 7.241 bags (100kg bags). The most used indigenous production practices were early planting of maize (87.9%) and intercropping of maize (83.1%), while the most used preservation practices were sun-drying of maize cobs (79.9%) and storage of maize in sacks (69.6%). The major reasons for using indigenous knowledge were accessibility (71.3%), sustainability (66.7%) and affordability (64.0%). The major constraints to use of indigenous production and preservation practices in maize was lack of documentation of IK in maize (x ̅ = 1.93). Based on these findings, it was recommended that improved storage be introduced to the farmers, while IK is documented for the use of future generations.

scholarly journals Profitability Analysis of Pigean Pea (Cajanus cajan) Production in Riyom LGA of Plateau State

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Emefiene ◽  
V.I. Joshua ◽  
C. Nwadike ◽  
A.Y. Yaroson ◽  
N.D.E. Zwalnan
Keyword(s):  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Margin Analysis

The study focused on the profitability of pigeon pea production in Riyom LGA of Plateau State. Data for the study were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaires were administered to 80 targeted farmers to get information on their socio-economic characteristics, years of experience in pigeon pea production and the reason for growing pigeon pea. The analytical tool used includes descriptive statistics to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers and farm budgeting technique (gross margin analysis) for assessing the profitability of pigeon pea production. The study also identified the constraints encountered by farmers such as high cost of labour, inadequate processing / storage facilities, problems of access to credit/loans and weed/pest infestation. The results shows that pigeon pea production is profitable with a total variable cost (TVC) at N22620.68 per ha, while gross revenue (GR) was N50185.25 per ha, the profit margin (GM) at N32564.59 and the net return per Naira invested was N0.69. It was recommended that farm inputs and improved seed varieties should be made available to farmers at affordable rates so as to enable them operate at a commercial and profitable level of pigeon pea production. These farmers should be encouraged to form a cooperative society so as to alleviate the problem of credit/ loan acquisition and procurement of genuine products as well as avoid exploitation

Socio-economic analysis of lavender crop in Himachal Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
S Singh, S S Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Good Quality Seed ◽  
Male Labour

The data collected from 20 lavender growers of three blocks of Chamba district by personal interview using multi-stage purpose sampling technique. In lavender farms share of male labour was found to be more than female labour. Working as daily paid labourers followed by farming, service and business was the main occupation of adult family members. BCR (over total variable cost) as well as BCR (over total cost) was worked out as 3.170 and 0.642 respectively for lavender crop. Family labour income and net income measures per hectare were found to be negative for lavender crop. About 95% and 25% of selected lavender farmers’ responded positively regarding availability of good quality seed/seedlings and disease problem in seed/seedlings respectively, in the initial stage of sowing of lavender crop. Besides, 90% responded that cost of marketing of produce was high, all the respondents were hiring transport to market the produce. Likewise, 65% responded that there is lack of cheap credit from banks for lavender farming. The lack of profitability indicates the need to strengthen R&D work, extension services, training of farmers, establishment of cold storage facilities, and co-operatives farming societies for enhancing prospects of lavender farming.  

scholarly journals GROSS MARGIN ESTIMATION OF RURAL POULTRY PRODUCTION IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
O. O. OBI ◽  
E. B. SONAIYA
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Data ◽  
Positive Margin ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Rural Poultry

A Survey was conducted to obtain information on profitability of rural poultry production In Osun State. Two villages each from līve Local Government Areas were studied. One hundred poultry keepers served as the respondents to a structured questionnaire. Numerical data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Average flock size was 17 birds and average feed supplementation cost per bird per fronth was N 7.70. Basket coops were the common type of Overnight housing provided and the depreciated cost was about N0.103 per bird per month. The average price of a mature cock was N79, hens and growers cost N29, respectively. The farmers were willing to pay N4.30 per bird for vaccination against Newcastle disease and N6.70 per kilogram of compounded feed. Gross margin estimation shows that the farmer realised a positive margin of N4.50 from the sale of growers at 3 months of age and N9.00 and N30.00 on hens and cocks, respectively, when sold at 6 months of age.

scholarly journals Effect of Farmers – Herdsmen Crisis on Yam Production in Southern Agricultural Zone of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. A. Girei ◽  
L. S. Ugwuanyi ◽  
H. M. Turai
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Total Variable Cost ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Socio Economic Variables

The study analyzed effect of crisis on yam production in Southern Agricultural Zone, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to; determine the effect of socio-economic variables on yam production, determine the factors affecting yam production, and to compare the gross margin of yam production before and after crisis in the study area. A multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted for this study and a total of sixty (60) respondents were sampled for this study. Data were collected through the use of structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics which involves use frequency, percentages and the gross margin analysis. The study revealed that before the conflict the total variable cost was 233,288.4 while after the conflict, the total variable cost was 172310. The study conclude that price of fertilizer was doubled after conflict thereby reducing production. The result shows that 17.6% of the respondent’s stopped producing yam because of the fear of conflict. And also, there was a reduction in food production between the period of the conflicts and peaceful disposition. The study therefore recommend that government should develop policies and strategies to curtail future occurrence of crisis among farmers and herdsmen, and focus more on giving incentives to farmers and subsidy on farm inputs such as fertilizer, improved varieties, chemicals among others to boost food crop production, farmers income level and to ensure maximum security on lives and properties of prospective citizens and farmers.

Economic analysis of dry season vegetable production in Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-441
Author(s):  
Olayinka A. Adeagbo ◽  
Oluwabunmi O. Adejumo
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The Mean

PurposeThe study was conducted to investigate the economics of dry season vegetable production in Ogun state, Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachDescriptive statistics, budgetary technique and regression analysis model were used to analyze the data collected from 120 respondents using multistage sampling technique.FindingsDescriptive statistics showed that while the mean age of the farmers was 62.1 ± 38.78, the mean farming experience was 17.3 ± 12.84. Majority (56.7%) of the respondents were uneducated. Vegetable enterprise in the area was male-dominant. The result of budgetary analysis revealed that the average net and total income were ₦ 55,405.29 and ₦ 131,514, respectively. While the average total variable cost was ₦ 64,767.29, average total cost was ₦ 76,108.70. Benefit cost ratio and rate of returns were 1.73 and 0.73, respectively. The regression analysis revealed that revenue from vegetable production in the study area was influenced by farm size, seed quantity, farming experience, quantity of labor and fertilizer used.Research limitations/implicationsIt is therefore imperative for policymakers to encourage dry season vegetable farming as a viable enterprise option for the unemployed and upcoming entrepreneurs. Meanwhile, the government should design and implement policies that would improve access to land, labor, quality seed, water and fertilizers.Originality/valueThe study adds to the growing body of literature on inherent prospects for labor and entrepreneurs as regards the opportunities latent in dry season farming activities.

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