scholarly journals Carcass yield and haemato-biochemical indices of broiler chickens as affected by dietary replacement of yellow maize with gayamba pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) variety

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-261
Author(s):  
Y. U. Kawu ◽  
A. I. Muhammad ◽  
H. Husa ◽  
U. D. Doma ◽  
M. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The consumer price for poultry products in Nigeria and the expansion of the commercial poultry industry are negatively affected by the utilization of competitive and costly ingredients in making poultry diets. Consequently, the identification and utilization of locally available alternatives would greatly reduce cost of poultry production and products. In this regard, a study was undertaken to examine the effects of replacement of yellow maize (YM) with gayamba pearl millet variety as dietary energy source on carcass yield and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Three hundred (300) Ross 308 broiler chicks weighing 167.94 – 173.07g were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments of 75 birds each. Each treatment was replicated thrice with 25 birds in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets contained 0, 33.33, 66.67 and 100% gayamba millet as replacement for YM designated as diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Full-fat soya bean and groundnut cake meal were the main vegetable protein sources used in the diets. Feed and water were provided ad libitum and the experiment lasted for 49 days. Results for carcass yield indicated a significant (P<0.05) influence of diet on live weight (1828.33 – 2316.66 g), plucked weight (1622.83 – 2132.83 g), eviscerated weight (1429.50 – 1883.47 g) and carcass weight (1277.66 – 1680.33 g) in favour of diet 3. However, dressing percentage (69.00 – 72.50%) did not differ among treatments. In the same way, most of the relative weights of organs were also not significantly affected by diet. Except for the packed cell volume (29.81 – 35.04%), none of the haematological parameters showed significant difference among the treatments. Similarly, most of the serum biochemical indices apart from total proteins, albumin and globulin, did not differ significantly among treatments. It was therefore concluded that gayamba pearl millet can completely replace yellow maize in broiler chickens' diets with no adverse effect on carcass yield and blood constituents.

scholarly journals Premixes and Protein Vitamin-Mineral Concentrates in Livestock and Poultry Breeding: Technological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5307-5312
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Main Period ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
The One

It is known that today in the field of feeding animals and poultry, the use of dietary supplements, or premixes, is relevant. However, it should be noted that the premix quality mainly depends on the filler. Due to the above, the authors have performed comprehensive studies of the possibility to use fodder concentrate and the Sarepta vegetable raw material as a filler in the composition of premixes for cattle and poultry diets. In studying the nutritional value and the technological properties, the new filler was favorably different from the one traditionally used (sunflower meal). In the course of the research of using premixes and protein vitamin-mineral concentrates with the new filler in the composition of the fodder for agricultural animals and poultry, the following positive results were obtained: during the main period of experiment, milk yield of the dairy cows increased by 7.40 %; milk quality also improved, the value of byproducts from a single animal amounted to 4,928 rubles; the live weight of the dairy calves increased by the age of six months by 1.7 %, which amounted to 7,560 rubles of additional growth; during the period of experiment, egg productivity of the laying hens increased by up to 1.73 %, and the economic effect was 1,142.73 rubles; the live weight of the broiler chickens increased by 10.2 %, the slaughter yield of carcasses increased by 1.9 %, with that, the additional profit per animal was about 55.51 rubles. Based on the comprehensive research, one can recommend introducing the premix with the Sarepta concentrate to the diets of cattle and poultry to increase their productivity, improving product quality and economic efficiency of the livestock breeding industry and poultry production.

scholarly journals Performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed maize-cassava diets supplemented with methionine and inorganic sulphur

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
M. A. Oguntoye ◽  
O. M. O. Idowu ◽  
A. O. Oso
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Inorganic Sulphur ◽  
Poultry Diets

The major challenges of cassava supplementation in poultry diets are high cyanide and low protein content. This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of maize-cassava diets supplemented with methionine and inorganic sulphur for broiler chickens. Atotal of 270 one day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to nine treatment groups of 30 birds with 10 birds per replicate. Starter and finisher diets were formulated and fed for a period of 56 days. Dietary treatments were subjected to completely randomized design. The birds were fed diets supplemented with 0, 125, 250 mg/kg DL-methionine and 0, 125, 250 mg/kg inorganic sulphur from Cu4SO .There was a linear increase in final weight (FW) and total weight gain (TWG) with supplementation of 125mg/kg DL-methionine across dietary sulphur levels at the starter phase. Birds fed diets supplemented with 125 mg/kg DL-methionine and 250 mg/kg inorganic sulphur showed higher (p<0.05values of 463.23g, 424.66g and 2.66 for FW, TWG and feed conversion ratio respectively. The finisher phase followed a similar trend. Carcass yield showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in dress weight, cut part and organ weight in birds fed diets supplemented with 125 mg/kg DL-methionine and 250 mg/kg inorganic sulphur. The findings revealed that birds with diets supplemented with125 mg/kg DL-methionine and 250 mg/kg inorganic sulphur showed improved growth performance and carcass yield. In conclusion from this study supplementation of DL-methionine and inorganic sulphur in diets for broiler chickens resulted in improved growth performance and carcass yield.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary inclusion of avocado seed meal (Persea americana) on the carcass yield and haematological profile of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
O. S George ◽  
C. Kingsley ◽  
O. A. Ekine
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Avocado Seed

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Avocado Seed Meal (ASM) on the haematological parameters as well as the carcass yield of broilers. One hundred and twenty, one day-old broiler chicks of the cobb breed were used for this experiment. The chicks were allocated to four different treatments T T , T and T fed with diets containing 0%, 0.5%, 1, 2 3 4 1.0% and 1.5% ASM, respectively. The experiment lasted for a period of eight weeks and thedata obtained were statistically analyzed. The result showed that the live weight and carcass weight of the birds were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by the experimental diet. Feed cost (N/kg) and feed cost per weight gain (N/kg gain) were highest in the control treatment which decreased as the level of ASM in the diet increased. The result also showed significant difference (P<0.05) in the WBC, platelets, neutrophils and lymphocytes while the RBC, PCV,Hb, MCV and MCH did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The results of this study showed that ASM can be incorporated up to 1.5% (15g/kg feed) of the feed, without any deleterious effect on the haematology of the birds.

scholarly journals The Effect of Zingiber officinale on the Spleen Tissue and Antibody Titer of Broiler Chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 046-050
Author(s):  
Alireza Taghdisi ◽  
Sajjad Hejazi
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Serum Factors ◽  
Spleen Tissue ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction Increasing the immune system's function of fighting infectious diseases is very important in the poultry industry. Ginger, scientifically known as Zingiber officinale, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. The use of ginger in the diet of poultry increases serum levels of superoxide dismutase enzymes and glutathione peroxidase, which are considered to be important antioxidant enzymes. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of ginger on the spleen tissue of broiler chickens. Material and Methods The specimens comprised 2 groups of 20 Ross breed broiler chicks, for 42 days and were then, examined and tested. The diet was supplemented with 1 g/kg of ginger powder from the beginning of the rearing period. Blood samples of the chicks were randomly collected to measure the levels of hemagglutination (HI). The removed spleens were fixed with 10% formalin buffer. The specimens were cut in 5-micron diameters and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results and Conclusion There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of HI blood titers between the chicks in the growth period and final period groups (p < 0.05). The white-pulp tissue samples were more clearly seen in the treatment group than in the control group, and also, it was observed that the wall of the central artery of the white pulp was thicker in the ginger-treated group as compared with the control group. The nutritional value of ginger may vary. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the effect of this plant final on weight gain; the serum factors associated with the metabolic chart, and the response of the immune system to this plant.

Quality of the carcass and organs of chicken fed with two different insects meals

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
M.I. Amobi ◽  
C.I. Ebenebe
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Organ Weight ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The influence of insect protein origins on broiler chicken meat parameters were studied using 135 day old Arbor acre birds subjected to three dietary treatments: Diet A comprised of a standard feed of the brand name ‘vital feed’ containing fishmeal as the major protein source (control), while Diet B and Diet C contained insect meal from African palm weevil larvae (Rhynchophorus phoenicis), respectively, winged termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) as replacement for fishmeal. Forty five broiler chicks were randomly assigned to each of the dietary treatments at the rate of fifteen chicks per replicate making three replicates per treatment in a completely randomised design. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. During this period, the birds were housed in similar cages and subjected to similar husbandry and sanitation practices, such that the only source of variation was the dietary treatments. After eight weeks of the experiment, carcass quality and organ weight measurements were analysed using appropriate statistical analysis. The result obtained showed that the broiler chickens fed insect meals performed significantly (P<0.05) better in terms of live weight gain (2,200.85±64.23 g and 2,046±58.40 g for Diet B and Diet C) compared to control. Carcass quality relating to defeathered weight and eviscerated weight also followed a similar trend with Diet B (2,187.74±62.72 g and 1,788.93±70.70 g), Diet C (2,015.83±74.62 g and 1,466.97±100.05 g), and Diet A (control; 1,526.47±47.40 g and 1,240.30±64.53 g). The records of cut-up parts and organ weight measurements were also significantly different (P<0.05) for the birds on insect meal (Diet B and Diet C) than those on fishmeal based diet (Diet A). The result showed that insect meal can effectively serve as a major source of protein in poultry feed formulation.

scholarly journals Dissemination of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter spp. within an Integrated Commercial Poultry Production System

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 3441-3447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umelaalim Idris ◽  
Jingrang Lu ◽  
Marie Maier ◽  
Susan Sanchez ◽  
Charles L. Hofacre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Multiple Levels

ABSTRACTWhile characterizing the intestinal bacterial community of broiler chickens, we detected ε-proteobacterial DNA in the ilea of 3-day-old commercial broiler chicks (J. Lu, U. Idris, B. Harmon, C. Hofacre, J. J. Maurer, and M. D. Lee, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.69:6816-6824, 2003). The sequences exhibited high levels of similarity toCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter colisequences, suggesting that chickens can carryCampylobacterat a very young age.Campylobactersp. was detected by PCR in all samples collected from the ilea of chicks that were 3 to 49 days old; however, it was detected only in the cecal contents of chickens that were at least 21 days old. In order to determine whether the presence ofCampylobacterDNA in young chicks was due to ingestion of the bacteria in food or water, we obtained commercial broiler hatching eggs, which were incubated in a research facility until the chicks hatched. DNA sequencing of the amplicons resulting fromCampylobacter-specific 16S PCR performed with the ileal, cecal, and yolk contents of the day-of-hatching chicks revealed thatCampylobacterDNA was present before the chicks consumed food or water. The 16S rRNA sequences exhibited 99% similarity toC. jejuniandC. colisequences and 95 to 98% similarity to sequences of other thermophilicCampylobacterspecies, such asC. lariandC. upsaliensis. The presence ofC. coliDNA was detected by specific PCR in the samples from chicks obtained from a commercial hatchery; however, noCampylobacterwas detected by culturing. In order to determine whether the same strains of bacteria were present in multiple levels of the integrator, we culturedCampylobactersp. from a flock of broiler breeders and their 6-week-old progeny that resided on a commercial broiler farm. The broiler breeders had been given fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and we sought to determine whether the same fluoroquinolone-resistant strain was present in their progeny. The isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, which confirmed that the parental and progeny flocks contained the same strain of fluoroquinolone-resistantC. coli. These data indicate that resistantC. colican be present in multiple levels of an integrated poultry system and demonstrated that molecular techniques or more sensitive culture methods may be necessary to detect early colonization byCampylobacterin broiler chicks.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds soaked in wood ash extract as protein feedstuff for broiler chicken production

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
S. O. Omoikhoje ◽  
J. E. Imade ◽  
M. O. Odiase
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Biochemical Indices

An eight weeks feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of feeding graded level of soaked pigeon pea meal (SPPM) in wood ash extract or solution on the growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old chicks (Anak 2000) were randomly allotted to four treatment diets (1, 2, 3 and 4) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group was replicated three times with twelve birds per replicate, thus, having thirty-six chicks per treatment group. Diet 1 contained 0% SPPM in wood ash extract for 72hours as the control diet, while diets 2, 3 and 4 were formulated to contain 25, 50 and 75% inclusions of SPPM in place of soybean meal. Results showed that the average live weight, daily weight gain and feed intake as well as protein efficiency ratio were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments at the finisher phase. Broiler chickens fed 25% SPPM based diet had a higher (P<0.05) and comparable value of live weight, weight gain and protein efficiency ratio to that recorded in the control diet at the finisher phase. The haematological and serum biochemical indices revealed that albumin and total cholesterol were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment diets. The albumin value (2.2g/dl) was highest in birds fed 50% SPPM, whereas, the cholesterol value decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of inclusion of SPPM from 0 to 75%. It therefore implies that SPPM can be partially included in broiler diets up to 25% level with optimum growth performance and without any detrimental effect on the blood profile of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of Prebiotics from Mannan Oligosaccharides and Fructo-oligosaccharides on Physio-biochemical Indices, Antioxidant and Oxidative Stability of Broiler Chicken Meat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avishek Biswas ◽  
Namit Mohan ◽  
Kapil Dev ◽  
N A Mir ◽  
Ashok Kumar Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Mannan Oligosaccharides

Abstract Antibiotics have revolutionized the intensive poultry production system as a feed additive by promoting growth, production and meat quality through improving gut health and reduction of sub-clinical infections during last five decades. However, currently, the usage of antibiotics in poultry production is under severe scientific and public scrutiny, because antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) has been linked to the possible development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, which may pose a threat to human health. After European Union ban on in feed antibiotics as growth promoter in poultry, since 2006, prebiotics offer a potential substitute to in feed antibiotics. In this effort, the objective of this present study was to investigate the potentiality of prebiotics (mannan oligosaccharides-MOS and fructo-oligosaccharides-FOS) in replacement of antibiotic growth promoter and their relationship with physio-biochemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability and carcass traits of broiler chickens meat. 240 day-old broiler chicks (1 d) of uniform body weight were divided into 30 replicate groups having 8 birds in each. Six corn based dietary treatments were formulated viz. T1 (control diet), T2 (T1 + Bacitracin methylene di-salicylate @ 20 mg/kg diet), T3 (T1 + 0.1% MOS), T4 (T1 + 0.2% MOS), T5 (T1 + 0.1% FOS), and T6 (T1 + 0.2% FOS). Significant (P<0.05) increase in cut up part yields (%) and reduction in cholesterol and fat content in T4 (0.2 % MOS) group. The water holding capacity (WHC) and extract release volume (ERV) were increase (P<0.05) in 0.1 or 0.2 % MOS supplemented group. DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy) was higher (P<0.05) and lipid oxidation (free fatty acid and thio-barbituric acid reactive substances) was lower (P<0.05) in T4 group. The standard plate count (SPC), staphylococcus and coliform counts were decreased (P<0.05) in T3 or T4 group. Thus, it can be concluded that mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) may be incorporated at 0.2% level in diet for improved physio-biochemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens meat and it may be suitable replacer of antibiotic growth promoter.

scholarly journals The Effect of Replacing Dried Meal Worm with Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Naderi Boroojerdi ◽  
Mostafa Rajabzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract An experiment was conducted on 240 one-day old male (Ross308) chicken to the effect of substitution of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) with soybean meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics broiler chicks. Chicks fed in a completely randomized design with 4 replicate cages (12 birds per cage). Five dietary treatments used: 1- Control treatment: Basal diet based on corn-soybean meal without adding dried mealworm, 2- Replacement of 5% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 3- Replacement of 10% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 4- Replacement of 15% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet and 5- Replacement of 20% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet. The results of the experiment showed that 3rd and 4th treatments with a substitution of 10 and 15 percent showed a higher mean weight gain and a daily gain, but their feed intake was lower comparing other treatments, and finally, the feed conversion ratio showed a significant decrease with respect to control treatment using these replacement levels. At 21 and 42 days of age, carcass yield and relative weight of the breasts showed significant increases in treatments 3 and 4, and other characteristics of chicken carcasses were not affected by the test treatments. The experiment showed that replacing soybean meal with 10% and 15% worm powder significantly improved the performance of broiler chickens, but no significant difference was found between the two levels.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of broilers fed enzyme complex

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Dalólio ◽  
D.P. Vaz ◽  
J. Moreira ◽  
L.F.T. Albino ◽  
L.R. Valadares
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Water Holding

Enzyme supplementation in diets based on corn and soybean meal can improve the productive performance of broilers. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of different levels of an enzyme complex consisting of phytase, protease, xylanase, ?-glucanase, cellulase, amylase, and pectinase, for diets based on corn and soybean meal, on the parameters of carcass yield and meat quality of broilers. Six hundred broiler chicks were used, and the animals were females with one day of age, from the Cobb 500 strain, and distributed in a completely randomized design, with five levels of inclusion of the enzyme complex (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400), and six repetitions, with twenty animals each. The carcass yield and meat quality were evaluated at 35 and 42 days of age. We evaluated the characteristics of weight loss by cooking (WLC), shear force (SF), water holding capacity (WHC), pH, lightness (L*) and color (a* and b*). The parameters of performance, carcass yield and carcass parts, and meat quality were not affected by the enzyme supplementation of diets fed to broiler chickens (P >0.05), except for the performance characteristics of the breast and the wings at 42 days of age (P < 0.05).

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