scholarly journals Nutritive value of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds soaked in wood ash extract as protein feedstuff for broiler chicken production

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
S. O. Omoikhoje ◽  
J. E. Imade ◽  
M. O. Odiase
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Biochemical Indices

An eight weeks feeding trial was conducted to assess the effect of feeding graded level of soaked pigeon pea meal (SPPM) in wood ash extract or solution on the growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old chicks (Anak 2000) were randomly allotted to four treatment diets (1, 2, 3 and 4) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment group was replicated three times with twelve birds per replicate, thus, having thirty-six chicks per treatment group. Diet 1 contained 0% SPPM in wood ash extract for 72hours as the control diet, while diets 2, 3 and 4 were formulated to contain 25, 50 and 75% inclusions of SPPM in place of soybean meal. Results showed that the average live weight, daily weight gain and feed intake as well as protein efficiency ratio were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments at the finisher phase. Broiler chickens fed 25% SPPM based diet had a higher (P<0.05) and comparable value of live weight, weight gain and protein efficiency ratio to that recorded in the control diet at the finisher phase. The haematological and serum biochemical indices revealed that albumin and total cholesterol were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the treatment diets. The albumin value (2.2g/dl) was highest in birds fed 50% SPPM, whereas, the cholesterol value decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of inclusion of SPPM from 0 to 75%. It therefore implies that SPPM can be partially included in broiler diets up to 25% level with optimum growth performance and without any detrimental effect on the blood profile of broiler chickens.

GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND BLOOD INDICES OF FINISHING BROILER CHICKENS FED VARYING LEVELS OF PRE-GELATINIZED CASSAVA GRITS AS A REPLACEMENT FOR MAIZE

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
A. O. LALA ◽  
M. K. OLANREWAJU ◽  
A. P. OLANREWAJU ◽  
R. A. SANUSI ◽  
A. L. OLATUNDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Pre gelatinized cassava grit (PGCG) is a new cassava product produced mechanically and commercially for poultry feeding. Five dietary treatments were formulated with PGCG replacing maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % in broiler starter (0-4 weeks) and finisher (4-8 weeks) diets. Two hundred (200) day-old broiler chickens were allotted to the five dietary treatments in a completely random design.  Each treatment was replicated four times with 10 birds per replicate and 40 birds per treatment. At the end of week 4 and 8 of the experiment, data were collected on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haematological and serum biochemical indices. Final weight and weight gain were significantly (P < 0.05) highest in broilers fed 25 % PGCG diet, followed by those fed control diet. While, (P < 0.05) similar and lower values were obtained from broilers fed other PGCG diets. Feed intake decreased (P < 0.05) with PGCG in the diets at the starting and finishing phases. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility was (P < 0.05) highest in starting broilers fed 25 % PGCG diet, while digestibility (P < 0.05) declined with higher levels of PGCG. At the finishing phase, digestibility of all nutrients was similar (P < 0.05). Apparent metabolizable energy was (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed PGCG diets in the starting and finishing phases. Haematological and serum biochemical indices showed no significant (P>0.05) difference in the broiler chickens fed varying levels of PGCG in the diets. Broiler chickens fed PGCG above 25% in the diet had significantly (P < 0.05) higher proventriculus values when compared with those fed the control diet and 25% PGCG diet. The study revealed that substituting maize with 25 % PGCG in broiler diets improved growth and nutrient digestibility. Reduction in weight gain and non significant increased thiocyanate at higher PGCG inclusion should be improved for effective utilization of pre gelatinized cassava grit in broiler diets.  

scholarly journals Influence of dietary fortification of cassava peel meal with Calapogonium mucunoides on performance of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
E. K Ndelekwute ◽  
C. O Okereke ◽  
E. D Assam ◽  
U. O. Effiong
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Cassava Peel

The use of cassava peel meal (CPM) in broiler diets is not popular due to its negative effects. Hence an experiment was conducted to determine its dietary effect when fortified with Calapogonium mucunoides. One hundred and forty-four (144) one day-old Hubbard chicks were used. There were six dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) containing 24 birds each. Each treatment was replicated three times with 8 birds each on completely randomized design (CRD). T1 was the control diet containing no CPM. Treatments 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 contained CPM fortified with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% C. mucunoides respectively. The CPM was fortified by substituting it for equal amount of C. mucunoides, mixed, ground, dried and sieved. Starter phase lasted for 28 days and finisher phase 21 days. The birds were fed and water given ad libitum for 49 days. At the starter phase fortified and non-fortified CPM did not improve performance compared to the control treatment. Non-fortified, 10% and 40% fortified CPM reduced live weight and feed intake. However, 20 and 30% C. mucunoides fortified CPM improved these parameters compared to the non-fortified group. Feed: gain ratio and protein efficiency ratio of the control and 20% fortified treatment were similar (P>0.05). Except protein efficiency ratio which was improved by 20% over the control treatment, fortification did not improve performance at the finisher phase. Live weight was better in 20% than in non-fortified. Feed and protein intakes were similar in non-fortified and fortified CPM. It was concluded that fortification of CPM with 20% Calapogonium mucunoides improved protein efficiency in broiler chickens. 

scholarly journals Response of broiler chickens fed diets containing loofah gourd Luffa cylindrical (M.J. Roem) seed meal

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
M. A. Onigemo ◽  
K. Agbalaya ◽  
L. A. Tijani
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Blood Cell Count

The scarcity and increasing cost of conventional plant protein sources prompted researches into potential feed resources that are relatively of less importance to man. Loofah gourd (Luffa cylindrical (M.J. Roem) is a plant that is widely available in most tropical, subtropical and temperate region. In Nigeria it grows luxuriantly uncultivated and the sponge is often used for domestic cleaning while the seeds are discarded. The seeds were de-hulled, milled and fed at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% dietary levels of inclusion as partial total replacement for groundnut cake. One hundred and fifty (150) day-old broiler chicks were divided into five (5) groups and each was fed the experimental diets for fifty six (56) days in a completely randomised design (CRD) arrangement. Data collected included the average feed intake (AFI), average weight gain (AWG), live weight (LW) feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), haematology indices such as pack cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC) and haemoglobin (Hb), serological variables such as Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartic aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and carcass characteristics. Loofah gourd seed meal (LGSM) significantly (P<0.05) depressed the feed intake, weight gain, live weight, and protein efficiency ratio of the birds as the dietary inclusion of LGSM increased in a similar trend. AFI, AWG, and PER were significantly highest (P<0.05) in birds on the control group (125.88 g/day, 51.37 g/day, and 1.81 respectively) and lowest in those on 20% LGSM (62.88 g/day, 19.35 and 1.39 respectively). PCV and Hb were significantly highest (P<0.05) in birds on the control group (10.46 g/dl and 34% respectively) and lowest in those on 15% LGSM (21%) and 10%LGSM (6.98g/dl) respectively. Birds fed with the control diet had the lowest (P<0.05) AST (86.13 U/I), ALT (5.67 U/I) and ALP (112,338.90) and those on 20% LGSM had the highest AST (104.18 U/), ALT (10.98 U/D while the highest ALP (201,762.90) was in birds fed 10% LGSM. Weight of liver and spleen expressed as percentage of live weight were significantly lowest in birds on the control group (1.38 and 0.18 respectively) and highest in those on 15% LGSM (4.08 and 1.50 respectively). The increase in liver and spleen weight coupled with increased serum enzymes activities suggest the presence of anti-nutrient in LGSM. Hence, the use of LGSM beyond 5% level of inclusion is not beneficial in the production of broiler.

scholarly journals THE SUBSTITUTION OF PIGEON PEA SEED (CAJANUS CAJAN) FOR GROUNDNUT CAKE AND MAIZE IN BROILER FINISHER RATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. U. AMAEFULE ◽  
F. C. OBIOHA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pea Seed

One   hundred  and   twenty  4  -   week  old broilers were used to study the effect of substituting pigeon pea seed meal (PPSM) for groundnut cake and maize in broiler finisher rations.  The 4 diet groups contained 0, 30, 40, and  50% PPSM  and  measurements  taken  in the 3 week study  were weight gain,  feed  intake feed conversion ration and   protein  efficiency ratio. Results  showed  that   body weight gain of the  birds  increased as  the  proportion  of PPSM in the diets increased. The final body weights  were  1.47,  1.64,  1.71  and   1.73kg  for 0.30,  40,  and   50%  respectively. Feed   and protein   intake   significantly   increased  as   a result of replacing groundnut cake  and  maize with   PPSM   up   to  40%,  but  did   not   show significant  difference   between   40  and   50%. I Feed  intake   figures  were  96.80, 129.90, 144.30 and  142.60g and  corresponding protein intake figures  were  20.67, 27.64, 30.72 and  30.57g  for 0,   30,   40   and    50%    inclusion    of   PPSM respectively. Feed conversion ratio  and protein efficiency ratio did not significantly differ among the diets.

scholarly journals Blood profiling and growth response of goats fed diets containing tomentosa nilotica seed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
M. O. Adeduntan ◽  
O. B. Omotoso ◽  
A. N. Fajemisin ◽  
M.O. Arigbede
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Age Range

Abstract The feed quality have direct/indirect impact on the blood profiles of animal and determines health status. Hence, this study was carried out to investigate the dietary effect of T. nilotica seed meal (TNSM) on haematology and serum biochemical indices of goats. 15 West African Dwarf goats with a similar age range of 12-18 months old and body/live-weight of 6.88±0.26 kg were randomly allocated to 5 dietary treatments with 3 goats per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design arrangement for 12 weeks. Unprocessed TNSM were collected, screened and milled and were used to replace palm kernel cake at 20% (diet B), 30% (diet C), 40% (diet D) and 50% (diet E) replacement levels in a complete concentrate diets while diet A (control diet) had no T. nilotica. Nutrient composition, intake and animals' blood samples were assessed. Results revealed that all parameters observed were significantly (p<0.05) different. At 20%, DWG, FGR were best. PCV, RBC, Hb values of the goats decreased with increased with replacement level of PKC with TNSM. It could be concluded that TNSM could serve as protein source in place of PKC in goat diet up to 20% without any adverse effects on growth and health status.

scholarly journals Effect of honey-flavoured diets on the performance and relative organ weights of finisher broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
C. O. Obun ◽  
M. S. Yahaya ◽  
O. A. Olafadehan ◽  
A. S. Kehinde ◽  
O. A. Adeyemide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Organ Weights

A 28-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of honey-flavoured diets on performance, nutrient retention, organ weights and economy of production. 0ne hundred and twenty 4-weeks old 'Anak 2000' broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four treatments, replicated three times with 10 birds each in a completely randomized design (CRD). Four diets were formulated such that diet 1(0%) contained no honey and served as the control, while diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% honey-flavour, respectively. The results showed that diet 4 containing 1.5% honey flavour significantly (P < 0.05) improved the final body weight (1977g), weight gain (1327g), daily weight gain (47.29), feed/gain (2.18) and protein efficiency ratio (2.16) than broiler fed other diets including the control. Broilers on the control diet had the least values of body weight gain (1754g), weight gain (1104g), daily weight gain (39.43g), worst feed/gain (2.59) and protein efficiency ratio (1.80). Broilers fed diet 4 had the highest (P<0.05) nutrient retention of protein (83.80 %), ether extract (86.80 %) and crude fibre (70.50%) while broilers on the control diet had the lowest retention values of protein (65.20%), crude fibre (63.30%) and ether extract (73.70%). The dry matter retentions were similar across the treatments with highest numerical values of 82.80% recorded by birds on diet 4 and least value of 78.80% on diet 1(control). The liver, heart, lungs, kidney and caecum weights did not differ significantly (P>0.05) across the treatments but were numerically higher with increased in the honey-flavoured diets. The gizzard and caecum weights were significantly (P<0.05) increased with increase in honey flavoured diets. Cost per kg feed increased as the level of honey-flavoured inclusion in the diets increased 1.5 % with value of ? 58.00/kg compared to the control diet with ? 47.01/kg while the revenue generated showed that birds fed diet 4 (1.5% honey) were the most economical to produce with value of ? 597.15/bird compared with those on the control (₦ 496.80/bird). Addition of honey at 1.5% demonstrated superiority in this study with no adverse effect on bird's performance and organ.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and nutritional value of boiled Christmas bush fruit (Alchornea cordifolia) meal fed to starter broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
E. U. Ahiwe ◽  
O. O. Emenalom ◽  
E. B. Etuk ◽  
N. U. Okehie ◽  
C. T. Iwuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
The Cost

A study was conducted to determine the chemical composition and the nutritive value of boiled Christmas bush (Alchornea cordifolia) for starter broiler chickens. Dried Christmas bush fruits (Capsules + seed) were boiled for 30 minutes, sundried and ground into meal. The meal was analyzed for proximate composition and anti-nutritional factors and incorporated into broiler starter diet at 0%, 15%, 20% and 25% respectively. A total of 120 day old Marshall Strain broiler chicks were divided into 12 pens each containing 10 birds. Three pens were randomly assigned to each experimental diet. The boiled dried and ground Christmas bush (Alchornea cordifolia) fruit contained 19.9% crude protein and 4.7 mg/100 phytic acids which is an improvement when compared with raw Christmas bush fruits. Increase in inclusion level of boiled Christmas bush fruit in the diet caused a progressive reduction (p < 0.05) in final weight gain and feed intake of the birds. Birds on 15 and 20% BCBF had similar (p>0.05) feed conversion ration ratio with birds on control diet. The cost of feed per Kg weight gain and mortality were not significantly (p>0.05) different for all the treatments. Apart from Haemoglobin and serum phosphate, all other serum biochemical indices checked were not statistically (p>0.05) different among the treatment groups. It was concluded that boiling of Christmas bush fruits decreased the anti-nutritional factors and improved the nutritive value of the fruit but could not improve the performance of broiler starter chickens.

Biologically upgraded cocoa pod husk: Effect on growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidant status of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Olayemi Aanuoluwapo Olugosi ◽  
Johnson Oluwasola Agbede ◽  
Gbenga Emmanuel Onibi ◽  
Issac Abayomi Adebayo ◽  
Akinlolu Oluwafemi Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Biochemical Indices

A 49 day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of biologically upgraded cocoa pod husk meal (BCPHM) on the growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Three experimental diets were formulated at both starter and finisher phases in which BCPHM was added as an active feed ingredient at 0, 10, 20% and designated as diets 1, 2 and 3 respectively. One hundred and fifty day old Marshal broiler chicks weighing 39±2.5g/bird were allotted to 3 dietary treatments (10birds/replicate, 50birds/treatment) in a completely randomized design. The Average daily weight gain (ADWG), total weight gain (TWG) and final body weight (FBW) of broiler chicks fed diets containing 10% BCPHM was significantly (p˂0.05) higher than that of control and diet containing 20% BCPHM at starter phase. At finisher phase, the values of ADWG, TWG  and FBW were at par with that of control. Feed Intake was seen to increase as BCPHM increased in the diet at finisher phase. Carcass traits, relative internal organ weight, haemato-biochemcal indices of broiler chickens were similar across dietary treatment. Superoxide dimutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) of birds fed control diet were significantly (p˂0.05) higher than those of birds fed BCPHM based diets. Ten percent dietary inclusion of BCPHM appears optimal in broiler diet since beyond this level growth performance declined.

Performance of broilers and rabbits given diets containing full fat neem (Azadirachta indica) seed meal

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Salawut ◽  
S. K. Adedeji ◽  
W. H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Food Conversion Efficiency

AbstractExperiments were carried out to establish the suitability of full fat neem seed meal (FFNSM) in broiler and growing rabbit diets. In the broiler experiment, 200-day-old (Babcock) broiler chicks were used in a 10-week trial, with the FFNSM fixed at 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/kg diet. In the rabbit experiment 24 rabbits of three different breeds were used in an 8-week trial, with the FFNSM fixed at 0 (control), 100, 200 and 300 g/kg diet. The criteria of response were food intake, weight gain, food conversion and protein efficiency ratio and mortality. There was a significant (P < 0·05) negative correlation between the dietary inclusion of FFNSM, weight gain and food conversion efficiency of the birds in the starter phase. In the finisher phase from 5 to 10 weeks, food intake, weight gain, food conversion and protein efficiency ratio did not differ significantly (P > 0·05) between the birds on the control diet and diets containing up to 75 g FFNSM per kg. For all the measurements, rabbits on the diet with 100 g FFNSM per kg gave better results than the control. Food intake, weight gain, food conversion efficiency and protein efficiency ratio did not differ significantly (P > 0·05) between rabbits on control diet and the diet containing 200 g FFNSM per kg. Performance on the diet with 300 g FFNSM per kg was poorest.

scholarly journals Performance, nutrient digestibility and cost evaluation of raw and roasted Afzelia africana seed meal fed finisher broiler chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
C. O. Obun ◽  
B. A. Ayanwale
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Afzelia Africana

Ninety-nine, 28 day-old broilers were used to investigate the effect of raw and roasted Afzelia Africana seed meal (AASM) on performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention and cost of broiler production under deep litter system of management for 35 days in the finisher phase. The birds were allotted to three treatments with 33 birds. Each treatment was replicated three times (11 birds per replicate). The data collected were feed intake and body weight gain. Protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and apparent nutrient digestibility were also calculated. The results obtained revealed that chicks fed control (A) diet were significantly (P<0.05) higher in weight gain and feed intake than others. Superior (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), daily feed cost and feed cost per kg weight gain were obtained in roasted dehulled AASM(C) diet when compared to the control and raw AASM diets. The apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, nitrogen free extract and nitrogen retention of roasted diet compared favourably with that of the control diet. The row AASM (B) diet depressed performance and nutrient retention values. The cost per kg diet and cost per live weight gain reduced significantly (P<P.05) in AASM based diets when compared to the control diet. However, the control diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the revenue generated and gross profit when compared to AASM based diets. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that higher levels of roasted AASM may have some benefits. 

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