scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF OPENING THE REHABILITATION PROCESS IN THE CONTEXT OF GEORGIAN AND JAPANESE LAW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sesili Kadaria
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Insolvency Law ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Japanese Law ◽  
The Government

The article "Peculiarities of opening the Rehabilitation Process in the context of Georgian and Japanese Law" discusses the beginning of the rehabilitation process by a legal-comparative method, Georgian legislative novelty, and vague norms that need to be refined in the Georgian reality. Effective insolvency legislation is a key tool for maintaining economic stability, the government also has an important role and responsibility to create a legal framework that will help maintain the viability of the enterprise in times of financial difficulties. It is clear that during the elaboration of the new law of Georgia "On Rehabilitation and Collective Satisfaction of Creditors" (enacted on April 1, 2021), significant research was carried out by the group. “Legislative Guide to Insolvency Law" by the UN Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) was studied, as well as International Principles on “Effective Insolvency and Protection of Debtor and Creditor Rights” developed by the World Bank. The new law clearly outlined the role of rehabilitation as a target and named the debtor's rehabilitation as the country's priority. Moreover, its purpose is to encourage timely appeal to the court. The enactment of the law has eliminated the shortcomings that, in many cases, significantly delay the process. It should be noted that a lot of attention was paid to Japanese law during the drafting of the bill, as according to the World Bank, it is in the top three countries in Insolvency Law. Based on the court rulings, the article presents the obstacles to the rehabilitation process in theoretical and practical terms, discusses the vague norms of the new legislation of Georgia, and offers modern visions of regulation.

scholarly journals Incorporating Blue Bonds as a funding alternative for a sustainable development project

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Fareis Althalet ◽  
Tira Siya Fajar Rahayu ◽  
Hera Hera ◽  
Ayu Fil Akhirati ◽  
Pingki Pingki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Development Project ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
International Media ◽  
Fisheries Governance ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Reputation ◽  
Water Pollution Management ◽  
The Government

This study aims to examine Blue Bonds as a guarantee issued by the issuer (government and companies) as alternative financing. Compared to ordinary bonds that are issued only to meet the issuer's funding needs, the transaction results in Blue Bonds will be used to support marine protection, fisheries governance, waste and water pollution management, and the restoration of marine ecosystems. In this study, the author uses the method literature review sourced from journals, books, reports from related ministries, international financial institutions such as the World Bank, and news from national and international media. The results of this study indicate that by issuing Blue Bonds, the government and companies will get more funds from bond investors. Investors will receive a return in the form of a coupon (fixed interest rate) from the issuer and pay according to schedule and the initial principal investment. Not only that, the government and companies will get a good reputation among investors and actively contribute to Indonesia's maritime development.

Economic gloom portends instability in Zimbabwe

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
South African Rand

Significance Mawarire is the founder of the 'This Flag' movement, which has been a driving force behind a wave of demonstrations and strikes earlier this month against graft, unemployment and economic mismanagement by President Robert Mugabe's government. Impacts Import bans will adversely affect South African exporters, for whom Zimbabwe is a key regional market. Use of the South African rand in Zimbabwe will remain unpopular, due to concerns about its weakness against the dollar. The government will prioritise cash for paying the salaries of the security forces, since these underpin the regime's survival. Loans from the African Export-Import Bank will help Harare to begin paying the World Bank some of its arrears.

scholarly journals Demographic determinant of primary school repeater in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 11023
Author(s):  
Omas Bulan Samosir
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
General Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The development of a country is supported by its education development. In general, education is financed by the government. It is expected that all school-age population can participate in education. Indonesia has implemented the nine-year compulsory basic education program. The aim of this study is to examine the demographic factors that affect the primary school repeater in Indonesia. The data source was from the World Bank Development Indicator of the World Bank. The data coverage was from 1971 to 2018. The dependent variable was the primary school repeater rate. The independent variables were the population growth rate and fixed telephone subscription. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that higher primary school repeater was associated with higher population growth rate and lower fixed telephone subscription. Therefore, Indonesia needs to manage its population growth rate and improve infrastructure development, in particular information technology infrastructure.

Pandemic may undo Egypt poverty gains

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Financial Safety Nets ◽  
The Government

Significance The figure has been presented by the government as a vindication of its efforts to achieve fiscal sustainability while providing financial safety nets for the most vulnerable groups in society. However, the poverty rate is still higher than in 2015, and the new index was compiled before the full impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the economy had become clear. Impacts The economic impact of the pandemic appears to have been relatively light, but this can be attributed partly to statistical anomalies. The poverty rate fall indicates to the IMF and the World Bank that their programmes will eventually pay off for most Egyptians. There is uncertainty about the extent of the return of Egyptians from the Gulf and the effect of this on poverty and unemployment.

On the Global International Comparison of GDP for Reference Year 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Ivanov ◽  
T. A. Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
International Comparison ◽  
World Bank ◽  
The Body ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Project Coordinator ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Purchasing Power Parities

The article outlines main results of global international comparison of GDP on purchasing power parities (PPPs) for 2017 published by the World Bank in July 2020. This comparison is the project of international statistics, which secures unique data on the world economy, on the place of countries in the world and regional economies, on standards of living in different countries, on differences between purchasing power parities and exchange rates, and so forth. These data are of interest to the government in relation to the development of economic policy. This comparison required collaboration between the World Bank as the overall project coordinator, regional coordinators and statistical offices producing baseline data on GDP in national currency.In the body of the article, the authors consistently consider the following issues: the basic methodology used in the International Comparison Program, main findings, limitations and the degree of reliability of the results of the international global comparisons. In this context issues of methodology of comparison and features of direct binary and multilateral comparisons are considered, in particular the formula for the computation of PPPs, which ensures transitivity (mutual consistency of results).The article concludes by emphasizing the multifaceted tasks of the International Comparison Program based on purchasing power parities, led by the World Bank.

Rhetoric and Reality: The World Bank Development Policies, Mining Corporations, and Indigenous Communities in Latin America

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Munarriz
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Latin American Countries

AbstractRelying on critical legal approaches, in particular TWAIL and the work of Indigenous scholars, this paper analyzes the extent to which the World Bank's notion of "development" and its promotion of the expansion of market-based legal reforms in Latin American countries have benefited transnational corporations (TNCs) to the detriment of Indigenous Peoples. It argues that the World Bank's policy-based lending programmes and market-oriented legal framework since 1980 have contributed to an expansion of corporate mining activities, which have caused not only forced displacement and further impoverishment of numerous Indigenous communities but have also directly contributed to the destruction of their cultures and the environment they inhabit. Furthermore, the World Bank's normative operational policies and practices on issues affecting Indigenous Peoples have provided a legal framework and mechanisms that "manage" affected Indigenous communities in ways that further the dispossession of their lands and natural resources.

scholarly journals Boulevard to broken dreams, Part 1: the Polonoroeste road project in the Brazilian Amazon, and the World Bank's environmental and indigenous peoples' norms

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT H. WADE
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Road Project ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Before the mid 1980s the World Bank conceived "nature" as something to be "conquered" and "environment" as a source of resources for "development". By the late 1980s the Bank incorporated norms of environmental sustainability and indigenous peoples' protection into its mandate, and other development-oriented IOs followed. This two-part paper describes how a fight over the Polonoroeste road project in the Brazilian Amazon - inside the Bank, between the Bank and NGOs supported by the US Congress, and between the Bank and the government of Brazil -helped to generate the far-reaching change of policy norms. The first part describes how the project was designed as an innovation in sustainable development in rainforests; and how it provoked a firestorm inside the Bank as it moved towards project approval.

scholarly journals Issues related to the assistance provided by the World Bank as a modernization partner of the Republic of Moldova

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Victor Juc ◽  
◽  
Iuliana Stratan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
External Assistance ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Modernization Process

This paper addresses the main issues of World Bank fifi nancing and development assistance in the modernization process of the Republic of Moldova. Investigations show that the country’s political decision-makers are dependent on the World Bank’s advice and sources of technical assistance. At the same time, the allocation of external assistance can work, depending on the country’s policies. This article illustrates how political instability, inconsistency and political support in the implementation of initiated reforms, the interruption of technical assistance from the Government had detrimental consequences on the development objectives proposed by the World Bank during the implementation of the Country Partnership Framework.

scholarly journals FOREWORD

10.26458/1710 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Elena Gurgu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
World Bank ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Eu

After a year in which Romania achieved the fastest growing economy in the European Union, 2017 comes with a unique set of challenges.In 2016, the economy was the main driver of consumption and economic analysts expect it to slow down, while prices will increase. The government estimated an increase of 5% for the Romanian economy in 2017, but the World Bank warns that this could be too optimistic and expects an advance of only 3.4% of the economy. However, growth remains above the EU average, which is why 2017 could be a year at least as good as 2016. ...

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