The Art of Immersion with Smell and Sensorial Theatre Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2021-2) ◽  
pp. 100-119
Author(s):  
Igor Areh ◽  
Barbara Pia Jenič

In recent decades, the trend or the need for an experience of the effect of immersion into theatre events, other branches of art, tourism, everyday business and private life has become quite evident. We are used to audio-visual communication, which, from the Renaissance onwards, became the dominant channel for delivering messages, while other senses became less important. Until the middle of the 20th century, the role of smell in theatre practices was neglected, and more important senses took over the place of communication and staging. Rarely it was used as a direct prop, but always very carefully, because, according to many experts, it cannot be controlled like sound and light. However, we have forgotten that the smell, especially in combination with the sound, can have a strong emotional impact on a spectator. Like the other senses, the scent recreates the context of memories and can evoke an intense reliving of emotions and events. It can also provoke an evaluation or re-evaluation of the past, thereby affecting the perception of the present. Reality is perceived through the adaptation of sensory information, which is shaped and interpreted under the influence of past experiences. Experiences create expectations, and expectations create our subjective reality considering everyday life and theatrical performance. This relationship is especially noticeable in sensorial theatre. In the last decade, an effort has been made to bring scents and other tools of sensorial theatre back to the stage, just as – according to foreign sources – they were an important part of events in antiquity. In this way, the stage can be enriched with an additional dimension of communication and expression. The paper presents various methods and experiments on the use of scent and other tools of sensorial theatre, evaluating their phenomenology and effectiveness from the perspective of the performing arts and psychological science.

Author(s):  
Wouter Kruijne ◽  
Riccardo M. Galli ◽  
Sander A. Los

AbstractThere is growing appreciation for the role of long-term memory in guiding temporal preparation in speeded reaction time tasks. In experiments with variable foreperiods between a warning stimulus (S1) and a target stimulus (S2), preparation is affected by foreperiod distributions experienced in the past, long after the distribution has changed. These effects from memory can shape preparation largely implicitly, outside of participants’ awareness. Recent studies have demonstrated the associative nature of memory-guided preparation. When distinct S1s predict different foreperiods, they can trigger differential preparation accordingly. Here, we propose that memory-guided preparation allows for another key feature of learning: the ability to generalize across acquired associations and apply them to novel situations. Participants completed a variable foreperiod task where S1 was a unique image of either a face or a scene on each trial. Images of either category were paired with different distributions with predominantly shorter versus predominantly longer foreperiods. Participants displayed differential preparation to never-before seen images of either category, without being aware of the predictive nature of these categories. They continued doing so in a subsequent Transfer phase, after they had been informed that these contingencies no longer held. A novel rolling regression analysis revealed at a fine timescale how category-guided preparation gradually developed throughout the task, and that explicit information about these contingencies only briefly disrupted memory-guided preparation. These results offer new insights into temporal preparation as the product of a largely implicit process governed by associative learning from past experiences.


2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi NASU ◽  
Donald R. ROTHWELL

Recently increased tensions across East Asia over territorial and maritime disputes show glimpses of brinkmanship. However, the past experiences of Western colonization and Japan's imperialism within the region add complexity to those disputes challenging our understanding of legal debates surrounding territorial and maritime disputes. This article examines the extent to which the relevant rules of international law are capable of providing “justice” by accommodating the unique historical contexts in the region in settling highly politically sensitive territorial and maritime claims. It finds that the existing rules of international law are more than capable of accommodating the peculiar historical contexts of East Asia in the resolution of territorial and maritime disputes, whilst acknowledging that certain ambiguities in the law are contributing to some of the current tensions that have arisen over these disputes.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Natalie Zervou

Since 2009, the financial crisis in Greece has brought about a need to revisit the past and challenge previous historical assumptions in order to understand the socio-political present more effectively. Dance, and performing arts in general, have reflected this urge by giving voice to marginalized events and perspectives in Greek history, and by challenging the dominant rhetoric of ancient Greek lineage and continuity that often overlooked the significance of ethnic minorities. As such, the focus has shifted away from a sense of unity toward a fragmented understanding of Greek identity that is re-envisioning history and documenting the present by taking into consideration under-represented communities, such as ethnic minorities and immigrants.Drawing on a series of collaborative video-dance projects by Despina Stamos and Jill Woodward (passTRESpass and Bodies of Resilience), which engage with the subject position of immigrants in Greece during the crisis, this paper examines the relationship between marginality and dominant national histories, as well as the role of dance in (re)writing these “margins” and rendering them visible. Especially at a time when extreme nationalism and racism are on the rise in Greece, can dance provide the subjects of discrimination with agency, and create a space for them to “speak” against racist violence? How are these immigrants’ embodied histories in dialogue with the current rewriting of Greek identity and history?


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
wouter kruijne ◽  
Riccardo Mattia Galli ◽  
Sander Los

[Manuscript submitted for review]There is growing appreciation for the role of long-term memory in guiding temporal preparation. In experiments with variable foreperiods between a warning stimulus (S1) and a target stimulus (S2), preparation is affected by foreperiod distributions experienced in the past, long after the distribution has changed. Such memory-guided preparation shapes preparation largely implicitly and outside of a participants’ control. Recent studies have demonstrated the associative nature of such memory-guided preparation. When distinct S1s predict different foreperiods, they can trigger dissociative preparation accordingly. Here, we demonstrate that memory-guided preparation allows for another key feature of learning: the ability to generalize across acquired associations and apply them to novel situations. Participants completed a foreperiod task where S1 was a unique image of either a face or a scene on each trial. Images of either category were paired with different distributions with predominantly shorter versus predominantly longer foreperiods. Participants displayed dissociative preparation to never-before seen images of either category, without being aware of the predictive nature of these categories. They continued doing so in a subsequent transfer phase, after they had been informed that these contingencies no longer held. A novel rolling regression analysis revealed at a fine timescale how category-guided preparation gradually developed throughout the task, and illustrated how instructions at the start of the transfer phase interacted with these influences from long-term memory. These results offer new insights into temporal preparation as the product of a largely implicit process governed by associative learning from past experiences.


Author(s):  
G. Sreelekshmi ◽  
Raole Vaidehi ◽  
N. R. Navoday Raju

According to Ayurveda the whole life processes are governed by the Tridosha i.e. Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Vata Dosha has been given prime importance because it is the primary force that motivates and mediates other Dosha, Dhatu and Mala for performing their functions in the body. Vata Dosha possesses various Guna. Based on such Guna it performs different Karma in the body. Vata control motor as well as sensory functions. It is a self-generating and self- propagating energy responsible for the regulation of almost all the activities in our body. It should be considered as an invisible force that is recognised through its functions. This paper aims at understanding the effect of Vata Dosha on Intelligence Quotient and Emotional Quotient. The word quotient means amount of a specified quality or characteristic. The characteristics of individuals are developed on the predominance of Dosha during intra-uterine life and it is mentioned in classical textbooks in Prakruti concepts. In the formation and maintenance of Deha Prakruti and Manasa Prakruti the role of Dosha is inevitable. Among the five types of Vata, Prana is responsible for controlling the functions of Buddhi and Manas, while Udana helps in recalling the past experiences.


Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Kempen ◽  
Karsten Mueller ◽  
Tammo Straatmann ◽  
Kate Hattrup ◽  
Sven-Oliver Spiess
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation


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