scholarly journals Variation in the caprine keratin-associated protein 15-1 (KAP15-1) gene affects cashmere fibre diameter

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengli Zhao ◽  
Huitong Zhou ◽  
Jon G. H. Hickford ◽  
Hua Gong ◽  
Jiqing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract. Keratin-associated proteins (KAPs) are a structural component of cashmere fibre, and variation in some KAP genes (KRTAPs) has been associated with a number of caprine fibre traits. In this study, we report the identification of KRTAP15-1 in goats. Sequence variation in the gene was detected using the polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique in 250 Longdong goats, and six variants (named A to F) containing eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Five of the SNPs were non-synonymous and would lead to putative amino acid changes. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that KRTAP15-1 was expressed in secondary hair follicles but not in heart tissue, liver tissue, lung tissue, kidney tissue or the longissimus dorsi muscle. Despite being rich in cysteine, the caprine KAP15-1 protein possesses a high content of serine and moderate content of glycine and phenylalanine. Association analyses revealed that KRTAP15-1 variant A was associated with decreased mean fibre diameter (MFD), and this effect appeared to be dominant; while variant C was found to be associated with increased MFD, the effect being recessive. The findings suggest that caprine KRTAP15-1 is highly polymorphic and that variation in this gene affects cashmere MFD.

Sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-southern hybridization and conventional PCR analysis for Halal authentication of gelatin capsules

LWT ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 714-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahilah Abd Mutalib ◽  
Nursheila Mustafa Muin ◽  
Aminah Abdullah ◽  
Osman Hassan ◽  
Wan Aida Wan Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gelatin Capsules ◽  
Halal Authentication ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Development of Three-Stage Bioaerosol Sampler for Size-Selective Sampling

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Hyung Lim ◽  
Sang Hwan Nam ◽  
Jongwoo Kim ◽  
Nam Hoon Kim ◽  
Gun-Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Cyclone Separator ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Sampling Flow Rate ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract In this study, a three-stage bioaerosol sampler with a sampling flow rate of 170 L/min was designed and fabricated for sampling the bioaerosols released during human breathing and coughing, and its performance was evaluated. The sampler was constructed using a cyclone separator with a cutoff size of 2.5 µm as a preseparator, a multi-nozzle virtual impactor with a cutoff size of 0.34 µm as an aerosol concentrator, and a BioSampler, which is a commercial product, for collecting bioaerosols in a collection fluid. The collection efficiency of the sampler was evaluated through simulations and experiments. Only particles with sizes of 0.1-4 µm were selectively collected in the collection fluid. Bacteriophage bioaerosols were sampled using the developed sampler and ACD-200 Bobcat sampler, which is a commercial product. The amounts of collected bacteriophages were compared using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The sampling performance of the developed sampler was similar to that of the ACD-200 Bobcat sampler. Moreover, the developed sampler showed its ability to sample bioaerosols of a specific size-range and collect them directly in a collection fluid for the PCR analysis. Therefore, the developed sampler is expected to be useful for indoor environmental monitoring by effectively sampling the bioaerosols released indoors during human breathing and coughing.

Novel Method for Simultaneous Analysis of p53 and K-ras Mutations and p53 Protein Expression in Single Histologic Sections

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-352
Author(s):  
Kazuya Yamashita ◽  
Tsutomu Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Shinoda ◽  
Isao Okayasu
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Antigen Retrieval ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background and Objective.—Abnormal protein expression and gene mutation should be examined on exactly identified lesions. To perform simultaneous analyses of oncogene or tumor suppressor gene mutations and related protein expression in single histologic sections, we have developed a novel method using an antigen-retrieval solution for a polymerase chain reaction template before immunohistochemical staining. Methods.—Using 20 cases of sporadic colorectal carcinoma, several kinds of antigen-retrieval solutions were tested after heating rehydrated, 4-μm-thick, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded histologic sections at 96°C for 20 minutes. Polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was conducted for p53 (exons 5 through 9) and K-ras (exons 1 and 2), and the histologic sections were then immunostained with monoclonal antibody against p53. Results.—DNA analysis of antigen-retrieval solutions was possible in all 20 cases and revealed completely consistent results (100%) with fresh cancer tissue and microdissected cancer tissue of paraffin-embedded histologic sections. With this method, K-ras mutations were positive in 10 of 20 cases (exon 1 in 9 cases and exon 2 in 1 case) and p53 mutations were positive in 9 of 20 cases (exon 5 in 4 cases, exon 6 in 1, exon 7 in 3, and exon 8 in 1 case), with 8 of the 9 p53 mutation cases showing diffuse p53 protein expression on immunostaining. Base alterations of all abnormal conformers were confirmed with direct sequencing. For polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) was found to be the optimal antigen-retrieval solution. Conclusions.—This newly developed method can be used for routine immunostaining and genetic analysis with single histologic sections.

Quantitative PCR Analysis for Bcl-2/IgH in a Phase III Study of Yttrium-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan As Consolidation of First Remission in Patients With Follicular Lymphoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (36) ◽  
pp. 6094-6100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Goff ◽  
Karin Summers ◽  
Sameena Iqbal ◽  
Jens Kuhlmann ◽  
Michael Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Follicular Lymphoma ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ibritumomab Tiuxetan ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Yttrium 90

Purpose The randomized First-Line Indolent Trial (FIT) was conducted in patients with advanced follicular lymphoma (FL), to evaluate the safety and efficacy of yttrium-90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan given as consolidation of complete or partial remission. This study of minimal residual disease was undertaken in parallel, to determine the rate of conversion from bcl-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) –detectable to –undetectable status and the corresponding effect on progression-free survival (PFS). Patients and Methods Blood samples from 414 patients (90Y-ibritumomab, n = 208; control, n = 206) were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR); 186 were found to have the bcl-2 rearrangement and were thus eligible for inclusion in the RQ-PCR analysis. Results Overall, 90% of treated patients converted from bcl-2 PCR–detectable to –undetectable disease status, compared with 36% in the control group. Treatment significantly prolonged median PFS in patients converting to bcl-2 PCR-undetectable status (40.8 v 24.0 months in the control group; P < .01, hazard ratio [HR], 0.399). In patients who had bcl-2 PCR-detectable disease at random assignment, treatment significantly prolonged median PFS (38.4 v 8.2 months in the control group; P < .01, HR, 0.293). Conclusion Eradication of PCR-detectable disease occurred more frequently after treatment with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan and was associated with prolongation of PFS.

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