scholarly journals Subtropical trace gas profiles determined by ground-based FTIR spectroscopy at Izaña (28° N, 16° W): Five-year record, error analysis, and comparison with 3-D CTMs

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schneider ◽  
T. Blumenstock ◽  
M. P. Chipperfield ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
W. Kouker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Tenerife Island ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. Within the framework of the NDSC (Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change) ground-based FTIR solar absorption spectra have been routinely recorded at Izaña Observatory (28° N, 16° W) on Tenerife Island since March 1999. By analyzing the shape of the absorption lines, and their different temperature sensitivities, the vertical distribution of the absorbers can be retrieved. Unique time series of subtropical profiles of O3, HCl, HF, N2O, and CH4 are presented. The effects of both dynamical and chemical annually varying trace gas cycles can be seen in the retrieved profiles. These include enhanced upwelling and photochemistry in summer and a more disturbed atmosphere in winter, which are typical of the subtropical stratosphere. A detailed error analysis has been performed for each profile. The output from two different three-dimensional (3-D) chemical transport models (CTMs), which are forced by ECMWF analyses, are compared to the measured profiles. Both models agree well with the measurements in tracking abrupt variations in the atmospheric structure, e.g. due to tropical streamers, in particular for the lower stratosphere. Simulated and measured profiles also reflect similar dynamical and chemical annual cycles. However, the differences between their mixing ratios clearly exceed the error bars estimated for the measured profiles. Possible reasons for this are discussed.

scholarly journals Subtropical trace gas profiles determined by ground-based FTIR spectroscopy at Izaña (28° N, 16° W): Five-year record, error analysis, and comparison with 3-D CTMs

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 5261-5301 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schneider ◽  
T. Blumenstock ◽  
M. P. Chipperfield ◽  
F. Hase ◽  
W. Kouker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Solar Absorption ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Tenerife Island ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. Within the framework of the NDSC (Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change) ground-based FTIR solar absorption spectra have been routinely recorded at Izaña Observatory (28° N, 16° W) on Tenerife Island since March 1999. By analyzing the shape of the absorption lines, and their different temperature sensitivities, the vertical distribution of the absorbers can be retrieved. Unique time series of subtropical profiles of O3, HCl, HF, N2O, and CH4 are presented. The effects of both dynamical and chemical annually varying cycles can be seen in the retrieved profiles. These include enhanced upwelling and photochemistry in summer and a more disturbed atmosphere in winter, which are typical of the subtropical stratosphere. A detailed error analysis has been performed for each profile. The output from two different three-dimensional (3-D) chemical transport models (CTMs), which are forced by ECMWF analyses, are compared to the measured profiles. Both models agree well with the measurements in tracking abrupt variations in the atmospheric structure, e.g. due to tropical streamers, in particular for the lower stratosphere. Simulated and measured profiles also reflect similar dynamical and chemical annual cycles. However, the differences between their mixing ratios clearly exceed the error bars estimated for the measured profiles. Possible reasons for this are discussed.

scholarly journals On the ability of chemical transport models to simulate the vertical structure of the N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>2</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> species in the mid-latitude stratosphere

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 12373-12401
Author(s):  
G. Berthet ◽  
N. Huret ◽  
F. Lefèvre ◽  
G. Moreau ◽  
C. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Dimensional Version ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In this paper we study the impact of the modelling of N2O on the simulation of NO2 and HNO3 by comparing in situ vertical profiles measured at mid-latitudes with the results of the Reprobus 3-D CTM (Three-dimensional Chemical Transport Model) computed with the kinetic parameters from the JPL recommendation in 2002. The analysis of the measured in situ profile of N2O shows particular features indicating different air mass origins. The measured N2O, NO2 and HNO3 profiles are not satisfyingly reproduced by the CTM when computed using the current 6-hourly ECMWF operational analysis. Improving the simulation of N2O transport allows us to calculate quantities of NO2 and HNO3 in reasonable agreement with observations. This is achieved using 3-hourly winds obtained from ECMWF forecasts. The best agreement is obtained by constraining a one-dimensional version of the model with the observed N2O. This study shows that modelling the NOy partitioning with better accuracy relies at least on a correct simulation of N2O and thus of total NOy.

scholarly journals On the ability of chemical transport models to simulate the vertical structure of the N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>2</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> species in the mid-latitude stratosphere

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1599-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Berthet ◽  
N. Huret ◽  
F. Lefèvre ◽  
G. Moreau ◽  
C. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Dimensional Version ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In this paper we study the impact of the modelling of N2O on the simulation of NO2 and HNO3 by comparing in situ vertical profiles measured at mid-latitudes with the results of the Reprobus 3-D CTM (Three-dimensional Chemical Transport Model) computed with the kinetic parameters from the JPL recommendation in 2002. The analysis of the measured in situ profile of N2O shows particular features indicating different air mass origins. The measured N2O, NO2 and HNO3 profiles are not satisfyingly reproduced by the CTM when computed using the current 6-hourly ECMWF operational analysis. Improving the simulation of N2O transport allows us to calculate quantities of NO2 and HNO3 in reasonable agreement with observations. This is achieved using 3-hourly winds obtained from ECMWF forecasts. The best agreement is obtained by constraining a one-dimensional version of the model with the observed N2O. This study shows that the modelling of the NOy partitioning with better accuracy relies at least on a correct simulation of N2O and thus of total NOy.

scholarly journals Technical Note: A new method for the Lagrangian tracking of pollution plumes from source to receptor using gridded model output

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 18843-18891
Author(s):  
R. C. Owen ◽  
R. E. Honrath
Keyword(s):  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Model Output ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
Lagrangian Tracking ◽  
Atmospheric Trace Gas

Abstract. Lagrangian particle dispersion models (LPDMs) are powerful and popular tools used for the analysis of atmospheric trace gas measurements. However, it can be difficult to determine the transport pathway of emissions from their source to a receptor using the standard gridded model output, particularly during complex meteorological scenarios. In this paper we present a method to clearly and easily identify the pathway taken by only those emissions that arrive at a receptor at a particular time, by combining the standard gridded output from forward (i.e., concentrations) and backward (i.e., residence time) LPDM simulations. By comparing the pathway determined from this method with the particle trajectories from both the forward and backward models, we show that this method successfully restores much of the Lagrangian information that is lost when the data are gridded. A sample analysis is presented, demonstrating that this method is more accurate and easier to use than existing methods using standard LPDM products. Finally, we discuss the potential for combining the backward LPDM simulation with gridded data from other sources (e.g., chemical transport models) to obtain a Lagrangian sampling of the air that will eventually arrive at a receptor. Based on the advantages of the method presented here, we suggest that it should replace many of the standard uses of backward LPDM simulations.

Air quality forecasting system based on chemical transport models

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
I.N. Kusnetsova ◽  
◽  
I.U. Shalygina ◽  
M.I. Nahaev ◽  
U.V. Tkacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Air Quality Forecasting

Machine learning based bias correction for numerical chemical transport models

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 118022
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Jianbing Jin ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Arjo Segers ◽  
Tuo Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Chemical Transport Models

scholarly journals Characterization of Transport Regimes and the Polar Dome during Arctic Spring and Summer using in-situ Aircraft Measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Bozem ◽  
Peter Hoor ◽  
Daniel Kunkel ◽  
Franziska Köllner ◽  
Johannes Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Transport Barrier ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Mixing Ratios

Abstract. The springtime composition of the Arctic lower troposphere is to a large extent controlled by transport of mid-latitude air masses into the Arctic, whereas during the summer precipitation and natural sources play the most important role. Within the Arctic region, there exists a transport barrier, known as the polar dome, which results from sloping isentropes. The polar dome, which varies in space and time, exhibits a strong influence on the transport of air masses from mid-latitudes, enhancing it during winter and inhibiting it during summer. Furthermore, a definition for the location of the polar dome boundary itself is quite sparse in the literature. We analyzed aircraft based trace gas measurements in the Arctic during two NETCARE airborne field camapigns (July 2014 and April 2015) with the Polar 6 aircraft of Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bremerhaven, Germany, covering an area from Spitsbergen to Alaska (134° W to 17° W and 68° N to 83° N). For the spring (April 2015) and summer (July 2014) season we analyzed transport regimes of mid-latitude air masses travelling to the high Arctic based on CO and CO2 measurements as well as kinematic 10-day back trajectories. The dynamical isolation of the high Arctic lower troposphere caused by the transport barrier leads to gradients of chemical tracers reflecting different local chemical life times and sources and sinks. Particularly gradients of CO and CO2 allowed for a trace gas based definition of the polar dome boundary for the two measurement periods with pronounced seasonal differences. For both campaigns a transition zone rather than a sharp boundary was derived. For July 2014 the polar dome boundary was determined to be 73.5° N latitude and 299–303.5 K potential temperature, respectively. During April 2015 the polar dome boundary was on average located at 66–68.5° N and 283.5–287.5 K. Tracer-tracer scatter plots and probability density functions confirm different air mass properties inside and outside of the polar dome for the July 2014 and April 2015 data set. Using the tracer derived polar dome boundaries the analysis of aerosol data indicates secondary aerosol formation events in the clean summertime polar dome. Synoptic-scale weather systems frequently disturb this transport barrier and foster exchange between air masses from midlatitudes and polar regions. During the second phase of the NETCARE 2014 measurements a pronounced low pressure system south of Resolute Bay brought inflow from southern latitudes that pushed the polar dome northward and significantly affected trace gas mixing ratios in the measurement region. Mean CO mixing ratios increased from 77.9 ± 2.5 ppbv to 84.9 ± 4.7 ppbv from the first period to the second period. At the same time CO2 mixing ratios significantly dropped from 398.16 ± 1.01 ppmv to 393.81 ± 2.25 ppmv. We further analysed processes controlling the recent transport history of air masses within and outside the polar dome. Air masses within the spring time polar dome mainly experienced diabatic cooling while travelling over cold surfaces. In contrast air masses in the summertime polar dome were diabatically heated due to insolation. During both seasons air masses outside the polar dome slowly descended into the Arctic lower troposphere from above caused by radiative cooling. The ascent to the middle and upper troposphere mainly took place outside the Arctic, followed by a northward motion. Our results demonstrate the successful application of a tracer based diagnostic to determine the location of the polar dome boundary.

scholarly journals The influence of typhoons on atmospheric composition deduced from IAGOS measurements over Taipei

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 3945-3963
Author(s):  
Frank Roux ◽  
Hannah Clark ◽  
Kuo-Ying Wang ◽  
Susanne Rohs ◽  
Bastien Sauvage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. The research infrastructure IAGOS (In-Service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) equips commercial aircraft with instruments to monitor the composition of the atmosphere during flights around the world. In this article, we use data from two China Airlines aircraft based in Taipei (Taiwan) which provided daily measurements of ozone, carbon monoxide and water vapour throughout the summer of 2016. We present time series, from the surface to the upper troposphere, of ozone, carbon monoxide and relative humidity near Taipei, focusing on periods influenced by the passage of typhoons. We examine landing and take-off profiles in the vicinity of tropical cyclones using ERA-5 reanalyses to elucidate the origin of the anomalies in the vertical distribution of these chemical species. Results indicate a high ozone content in the upper- to middle-troposphere track of the storms. The high ozone mixing ratios are generally correlated with potential vorticity and anti-correlated with relative humidity, suggesting stratospheric origin. These results suggest that tropical cyclones participate in transporting air from the stratosphere to troposphere and that such transport could be a regular feature of typhoons. After the typhoons passed Taiwan, the tropospheric column was filled with substantially lower ozone mixing ratios due to the rapid uplift of marine boundary layer air. At the same time, the relative humidity increased, and carbon monoxide mixing ratios fell. Locally, therefore, the passage of typhoons has a positive effect on air quality at the surface, cleansing the atmosphere and reducing the mixing ratios of pollutants such as CO and O3.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document