scholarly journals Validation of UV-visible aerosol optical thickness retrieved from spectroradiometer measurements

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 4655-4663 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brogniez ◽  
V. Buchard ◽  
F. Auriol
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Optical Thickness ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Aerosol Optical Thickness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Nm Range ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Global and diffuse UV-visible solar irradiances are routinely measured since 2003 with a spectroradiometer operated by the Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique (LOA) located in Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. The analysis of the direct irradiance derived by cloudless conditions enables retrieving the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) spectrum in the 330–450 nm range. The site hosts also sunphotometers from the AERONET/PHOTONS network performing routinely measurements of the AOT at several wavelengths. On one hand, comparisons between the spectroradiometer and the sunphotometer AOT at 440 nm as well as, when available, at 340 and 380 nm, show good agreement: in 2003–2005 at 440 nm the correlation coefficient, the slope and the intercept of the regression line are [0.97, 0.95, 0.025], and in 2006 at 440, 380 and 340 nm they are [0.97, 1.00, −0.013], [0.97, 0.98, −0.007], and [0.98, 0.98, −0.002] respectively. On the other hand, the AOT's spectral variations have been compared using the Angström exponents derived from AOT data at 340 and 440 nm for both instruments. The comparisons show that this parameter is difficult to retrieve accurately due to the small wavelength range and due to the weak AOT values. Thus, AOT derived at wavelengths outside the spectroradiometer range by means of an extrapolation using the Angström parameter would have large uncertainties, whereas spectroradiometer's spectral AOT could be used for direct validation of other AOT, such as those provided by satellite instruments.

scholarly journals Validation of UV-visible aerosol optical thickness retrieved from spectroradiometer measurements

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3895-3919 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brogniez ◽  
V. Buchard ◽  
F. Auriol
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Optical Thickness ◽  
Aerosol Optical Thickness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Nm Range ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Satellite Instruments

Abstract. Global and diffuse UV-visible solar irradiances are routinely measured since 2003 with a spectroradiometer operated by the Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique (LOA) located in Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. The analysis of the direct irradiance derived by cloudless conditions enables retrieving the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) spectrum in the 330–450 nm range. The site hosts also sunphotometers from the AERONET/PHOTONS network performing routinely measurements of the AOT at several wavelengths. On one hand, comparisons between the spectroradiometer and the sunphotometer AOT at 440 nm as well as, when available, at 340 and 380 nm, show good agreement. On the other hand, the AOT's spectral variations have been compared using the Angström exponents derived from AOT data at 340 and 440 nm for both instruments. The comparisons show that this parameter is difficult to retrieve accurately due to the small wavelength range and due to the weak AOT values. Thus, AOT derived at wavelengths outside the spectroradiometer range by means of an extrapolation using the Angström parameter would be of poor value, whereas, spectroradiometer's spectral AOT could be used for direct validation of other AOT, such as those provided by satellite instruments.

OBSCURANT AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SCREENING SMOKE COMPOSITIONS USED IN NAVAL SHIPS

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Toan
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Extinction Coefficient ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Other Hand

Obscurant and optronic decoy compositions are the pyrotechnic formulations that are an effective way to protect naval ships from optical guided missile seekers. In this work, the obscurant characteristics (i.e. the transmittance and the extinction coefficient) and the infrared emission characteristics (i.e. the infrared emission distribution and the radiance) of the obscurant and optronic decoy compositions were described. The results showed that the obscurant cloud made from the mixture of red phosphorus, Ba(NO3)2 and Viton rubber has a low transmittance, high extinction coefficient with 1.06 µm laser and strong infrared emission in the wavelength range of 8.0 to 14.0 µm. On the other hand, the infrared emission radiance (in the wavelength range of 2.5 to 5.0 µm) of the optronic decoy composition based on Mg-Al, hexachloroethane and Viton rubber reaches maximum values (i.e. 17.77E-3 W.cm-2.Sr-1) at about 17 wt% Mg-Al. Finally, the above obscurant and optronic decoy compositions can be used combination in naval ships against the anti-ship missile.

Response of Soybean (Glycine max) Cultivars to Metribuzin in the Field and Greenhouse

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. De Weese ◽  
L. M. Wax ◽  
W. C. Carlson ◽  
J. A. Ciarletta
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Field Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Greenhouse Screening ◽  
Significant Injury ◽  
Good Agreement

Experimental objectives were to assess metribuzin tolerance of predominately privately developed soybean cultivars and to evaluate a greenhouse screening procedure. In field results in 1982, ‘Vinton 81’, ‘Northrup King 1884’ and ‘L77-1863’ soybean cultivars were extremely sensitive to metribuzin at 0.56 kg/ha, averaging 34% injury. The other 45 cultivars showed no significant injury at the 0.56 kg/ha rate, from 9 to 46% injury at 1.4 kg/ha, and 18 to 72% injury at 2.2 kg/ha. In greenhouse hydroponic studies, these same three soybean cultivars were killed, while the other 45 cultivars were injured from 15 to 82%. A good agreement of greenhouse and field data was determined, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.82.

The Separation of Light Gaseous Isotopes by Mass Diffusion Columns II

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-755
Author(s):  
W. J. De Wet ◽  
J. Los
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Mass Diffusion ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Countercurrent Flow ◽  
Gas Solubility ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Mixing Effects ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Good Agreement

The design of mass diffusion columns operated with partition membranes, for the separation of light gaseous isotopes, is discussed. A theoretical analysis of experimental results obtained indicates that a good agreement between experimental results and theory is only obtained at low column pressures and moderate countercurrent flow rates. At fairly low countercurrent flow rates mixing effects due to viscous dragging and gas solubility by the condensate appear to be considerable whereas excessively high countercurrent flow rates, on the other hand, also seem undesirable. Some suggestions are proposed to obviate impairing effects at least to some extent.

Effect of dilute Ethanol Intake on DEHP (di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate)-induced Testicular Atrophy

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Shigeru Suna ◽  
Fumihiko Jitsunari
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Ethanol Ingestion ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Background: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly used as a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), but recently, concern has arisen over the DEHP which may act as a reproductive toxicant to humans. On the other hand, ethanol is the most common supplement of beverages and foods, and so many persons ingest a large quantity of ethanol in daily life. However, interactions between ethanol and DEHP toxicity are not well known. Method: To investigate the effect of dilute ethanol ingestion on the DEHP induced testicular atrophy, rats were received a 1% (w/w) DEHP diet and 2.5 or 5% (v/v) ethanol water for 7 days. Result: The rats treated with DEHP-diet alone for 7 days were observed significant testicular weight loss. On the other hand, testicular weight loss was significantly suppressed in rats treated with DEHP diet and ethanol water. A significant negative correlation between relative testicular weight (as a percentage of body weight) and testicular MEHP concentration was found among rats treated with DEHP-free diet (Control) and DEHP diet alone. Most of the data plots for the DEHP diet plus ethanol water group were scattered above the regression line. Conclusion: These results suggest that dilute ethanol may be effective in preventing DEHP testicular atrophy. However, the mechanism of prevention is unknown and further research is needed.

scholarly journals Study on the Behavior of the Water Temperature Inversion Layer in the Northern East China Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Hyeon Kim ◽  
Bok Kyoung Choi ◽  
Eung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Temperature Inversion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Jeju Island ◽  
East China ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Other Hand

To investigate the behavioral characteristics of the water temperature inversion layer (TIL), we used data (KODC) from areas in the Northern East China Sea from 1995 to 2016. Water temperature and salinity surveys were conducted 8820 casts over 22 years. Of these, 1589 water temperature inversion layers were found, and the probability of occurrence was 18.0%. In the Gageo island, probability of TIL occurrence in winter was 25 times higher than in summer. On the other hand, in the south of Jeju Island, summer values were 3.7 times higher than winter values. A T–S diagram analysis shows the components of the water temperature inversion layers. Yellow Sea Cold Water was mainly found in the winter, while Jeju Warm Currents and Tsushima Warm Currents were found in summer. The correlation between the probability of the occurrence of a monthly water temperature inversion layer and the amount of seawater volume transported into the study area was analyzed. The correlation coefficient was higher than r = 0.8 in parts of southern Jeju Island. On the other hand, the correlation coefficient was r = −0.6 in the Gageo Island. The spatial correlation index for the seawater volume transport and the water temperature inversion layer is presented.

scholarly journals Determination of Relativistic Intensity of X-Ray Diffracted from Aluminum Element.

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Muhsin Hasan Ali ◽  
Noor Mustafa Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Relative Intensity ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, the relative intensity of X-ray diffracted from Aluminum (Al) was found, and taking into account the influences on the intensity of these rays. There was good agreement between the calculated and measured values, the simple differences between them can be attributed to the fact that all crystals in nature are real and not ideal crystals, on the other hand, the accuracy of atomic positions are must probably effected the calculated results   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.076

Orientation of Prominence Microstructure Relative to the Direction of the Magnetic Field

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
O. Engvold ◽  
J.L. Leroy
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hanle Effect ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Solar Prominences ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Field Strengths

Recent measurements of the polarization of the Hel D3 line (λ5876Å) in solar prominences (Hanle effect) have been used to infer new data about prominence magnetic field (Leroy 1977, Leroy et al. 1977, Sahal-Brèchot et al. 1977). The derived field strengths are in good agreement with previous magnetographic measurements obtained at several observatories in USA (Rust 1972). Using the Hanle effect also gives the direction of the magnetic field, which is a crusial parameter in theories of prominences (Kippenhahn and Schlüter 1957, Anzer 1968, Malville 1976). Some theories require a horizontal oriented magnetic field in the prominences. High quality optical observations, on the other hand, resolve predominantly vertically oriented prominence microstructure (Dunn 1972, Engvold 1976).

Pb-free solders: Predicting of some physicochemical properties of Ag–Cu–Sn material at different temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (07) ◽  
pp. 1650062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida M’chaar ◽  
Mouloud El Moudane ◽  
Abdelaziz Sabbar ◽  
Ahmed Ghanimi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ternary Alloys ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, the surface tension, molar volume and density of liquid Ag–Cu–Sn alloys have been calculated using Kohler, Muggianu, Toop, and Hillert models. In addition, the surface tension and viscosity of the Ag–Cu–Sn ternary alloys at different temperatures have been predicted on the basis of Guggenheim and Seetharaman–Sichen equations, respectively. The results show that density and viscosity decrease with increasing tin and increasing temperature for the all studied models. While the surface tension shows a different tendency, especially for the Kohler and Muggianu symmetric models. On the other hand, the molar volume increases with increase of temperature and tin compositions. The calculated values of surface tension and density of Ag–Cu–Sn alloys are compared with the available experimental values and a good agreement was observed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document