scholarly journals Typical distribution of the solar erythemal UV radiation over Slovakia

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5919-5938 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pribullová ◽  
M. Chmelík
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Modification Factor ◽  
Typical Distribution

Abstract. Maps of the solar erythemal ultraviolet (UV) radiation daily doses were created for every month with horizontal resolution of 500 m at geographical domain 47.15 N–49.86 N×16.94 E–22.81 E covering the territory of Slovakia. Cloud modification factor for the UV radiation (cmfUV) was modelled utilizing relation between the cmf of total and UV radiation. The maps of the cmf factor of the UV radiation were created utilizing measurements of total radiation performed at 9 observatories during 1995–2004 period and the model of cmf dependence on altitude. Maps of clear-sky UV radiation daily dose and UV radiation daily dose affected by average cloudiness were constructed for mean monthly total ozone, their upper and lower monthly limits, for two probability levels of snow cover occurrence as criterion for the snow effect incorporation in the model and for 1 day representing typical values of every month. The map-set can be considered as an atlas of the solar erythemal UV radiation over Slovakia.

scholarly journals Typical distribution of the solar erythemal UV radiation over Slovakia

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 5393-5401 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pribullová ◽  
M. Chmelík
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Global Irradiance ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Modification Factor ◽  
Typical Distribution ◽  
Sky Conditions

Abstract. Maps of solar erythemal ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance daily doses were created for every month with a horizontal resolution of 500 m at the geographical domain 47.15 N–49.86 N×16.94 E–22.81 E covering the territory of Slovakia. The cloud modification factor for the EUV radiation (cmfUV) was modeled utilizing the relation between the cloud modification factor of global and EUV radiation. The maps of the cmfUV factor were created by utilizing measurements of global irradiance performed at nine observatories during the period 1995–2004 and modeling of the cmfUV dependence on altitude. Maps of the EUV irradiance daily dose corresponded to clear-sky conditions and EUV irradiance daily dose affected by average cloudiness were constructed for mean monthly total ozone, its upper and lower monthly limits, for two probability levels of snow cover occurrence as criteria for the snow effect incorporation in the model and for one day representing typical values for every month. The map-set can be regarded as an atlas of solar EUV radiation over Slovakia.

ERITEMINĖS ULTRAVIOLETINĖS SPINDULIUOTĖS POKYČIŲ ANALIZĖ

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Chadyšienė ◽  
Aloyzas Girgždys
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Radiation Intensity ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Ozone Data ◽  
Very High

In this article the erythemally weighted UV radiation intensity variations during 2002-2011 were analysed. Also UV radiation intensity and total ozone data in this paper were analysed, because the UV index is directly dependent on the intensity of UV radiation, and most of the UV radiation is absorbed by stratospheric ozone. During 2002-2011 in the course of UV index - the upward trend was observed, and in the total ozone values - the downward trend was observed. During the investigated period in Lithuania the maximum UV index values (very high) on clear sky summer days were determined.

scholarly journals The effect of sun elevation, cloudiness, and altitude on the ultraviolet index in Czechia

Geografie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Helena Tomanová ◽  
Lucie Pokorná
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ultraviolet Index

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has recently become an important topic in relation to the loss of stratospheric ozone. High doses of UV radiation have a negative effect on many organisms. This paper focuses on the UV index (UVI), which expresses the risk of UV radiation on human health. The aim of the paper is to describe the definition of UVI, and its measurement, and to summarize geographical parameters and meteorological conditions affecting the values of UVI. The effect of sun elevation, cloudiness, and altitude is demonstrated using observed data from the Hradec Králové, Košetice and Labská bouda stations during the period 2011–2017. The results show a strong effect of both sun elevation and cloudiness. The highest values of UVI (up to 8) are generally observed on sunny days around midday from May to July. The reduction of the UVI caused by clouds, fog, and rain is, on average, 85% of values typical for sunny days. The effect of altitude is distinctly weaker; a rise of UVI with increasing altitude is 0.4 per 1 km for clear sky and the surface without snow cover.

scholarly journals Increased UV radiation due to polar ozone chemical depletion and vortex occurrences at southern sub-polar latitudes in the period (1997–2005)

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6501-6537
Author(s):  
A. F. Pazmino ◽  
S. Godin-Beekmann ◽  
E. A. Luccini ◽  
R. D. Piacentini ◽  
E. J. Quel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Latitude Band ◽  
Ozone Loss ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The variability of total ozone and UV radiation from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) measurements is analyzed as a function of polar vortex occurrences over the southern subpolar regions during the 1997–2005 period. The analysis of vortex occurrences showed high interannual variability in the 40° S–60° S latitude band with a longitudinal asymmetry showing the largest frequencies over the 90° W–90° E region. The impact of vortex occurrences on UV radiation and ozone in clear sky conditions was determined from the comparison between the measurements inside the vortex and a climatology obtained from data outside the vortex over the studied period. Clear sky conditions were determined from TOMS reflectivity data. For measurements outside the vortex, clear sky conditions were selected for reflectivity values lower than 7.5%, while for measurements inside the vortex, a relaxed threshold was determined from statistically similar UV values as a function of reflectivity. UV changes and ozone differences from the climatology were analyzed in the 40° S–50° S and 50° S–60° S latitude bands during the spring period (September to November). The largest UV increases and ozone decreases, reaching 200% and 65%, respectively, were found in the 50° S–60° S latitude band in September and October. The heterogeneous ozone loss during vortex occurrences was estimated using a chemical transport model. The largest impact of vortex occurrences was found in October with mean UV increase, total ozone decrease and accumulated ozone loss in the 350 K–650 K range of respectively 47%, 32% and 63%. The region close to South America is the most affected by the Antarctic ozone depletion due to the combined effect of large number of vortex occurrences, lower cloud cover and large ozone decrease. This region would be the most vulnerable in case of cloud cover decrease linked to climate change, due to more frequent occurrence of ozone poor air masses during austral spring.

scholarly journals Increased UV radiation due to polar ozone chemical depletion and vortex occurrences at Southern Sub-polar Latitudes in the period [1997–2005]

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 5339-5352 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Pazmiño ◽  
S. Godin-Beekmann ◽  
E. A. Luccini ◽  
R. D. Piacentini ◽  
E. J. Quel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Austral Spring ◽  
Latitude Band ◽  
Ozone Loss ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The variability of total ozone and UV radiation from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) measurements is analyzed as a function of polar vortex occurrences over the southern subpolar regions during the 1997–2005 period. The analysis of vortex occurrences showed high interannual variability in the 40° S–60° S latitude band with a longitudinal asymmetry showing the largest frequencies over the 90° W–90° E region. The impact of vortex occurrences on UV radiation and ozone in clear sky conditions was determined from the comparison between the measurements inside the vortex and a climatology obtained from data outside the vortex over the studied period. Clear sky conditions were determined from TOMS reflectivity data. For measurements outside the vortex, clear sky conditions were selected for reflectivity values lower than 7.5%, while for measurements inside the vortex, a relaxed threshold was determined from statistically similar UV values as a function of reflectivity. UV changes and ozone differences from the climatology were analyzed in the 40° S–50° S and 50° S–60° S latitude bands during the spring period (September to November). The largest UV increases and ozone decreases, reaching ~200% and ~65%, respectively, were found in the 50° S–60° S latitude band in September and October. The heterogeneous ozone loss during vortex occurrences was estimated using a chemical transport model. The largest impact of vortex occurrences was found in October with mean UV increase, total ozone decrease and accumulated ozone loss in the 350–650 K range of, respectively, 47%, 30% and 57%. The region close to South America is the most affected by the Antarctic ozone depletion due to the combined effect of large number of vortex occurrences, lower cloud cover and large ozone decrease. This region would be the most vulnerable in case of cloud cover decrease, due to more frequent occurrence of ozone poor air masses during austral spring.

Global Forecast Model to Predict the Daily Dose of the Solar Erythemally Effective UV Radiation¶

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alois W. Schmalwieser ◽  
Günther Schauberger ◽  
Michal Janouch ◽  
Manuel Nunez ◽  
Tapani Koskela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Daily Dose

scholarly journals Possible values of UV index in Serbia

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 640-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milorad Letic
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Total Column Ozone ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Expected Values ◽  
June July ◽  
Column Ozone ◽  
Ozone Column

INTRODUCTION UV Index is an indicator of human exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) rays. The numerical values of the UV Index range from 1-11 and above. There are three levels of protection against UV radiation; low values of the UV Index - protection is not required, medium values of the UV Index - protection is recommended and high values of the UV Index - protection is obligatory. The value of the UV Index primarily depends on the elevation of the sun and total ozone column. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to determine the intervals of possible maximal annual values of the UV Index in Serbia in order to determine the necessary level of protection in a simple manner. METHOD For maximal and minimal expected values of total column ozone and for maximal elevation of the sun, the value of the UV Index was determined for each month in the Northern and Southern parts of Serbia. These values were compared with the forecast of the UV Index. RESULTS Maximal clear sky values of the UV Index in Serbia for altitudes up to 500m in May, June, July and August can be 9 or even 10, and not less than 5 or 6. During November, December, January and February the UV Index can be 4 at most. During March, April, September and October the expected values of the UV Index are maximally 7 and not less than 3. The forecast of the UV Index is within these limits in 98% of comparisons. CONCLUSION The described method of determination of possible UV Index values showed a high agreement with forecasts. The obtained results can be used for general recommendations in the protection against UV radiation.

scholarly journals Characteristics of solar radiation at Xiaotang, in the northern marginal zone of the Taklimakan Desert

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12373
Author(s):  
Lili Jin ◽  
Sasa Zhou ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Alim Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Taklimakan Desert ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Total Radiation ◽  
Direct Radiation ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Atmospheric Transmittance

The characteristics of solar radiation and the influence of sand and dust on solar radiation in the northern margin of Taklimakan Desert were analyzed using radiation observation data from 2018. The results showed that the annual total radiation, direct radiation, and scattered radiation at Xiaotang were 5,781.8, 2,337.9, and 3,323.8 MJ m−2, respectively. The maximum monthly total radiation, direct radiation, and scattered radiation were observed in July (679.8 MJ m−2), August (317.3 MJ m−2), and May (455.7 MJ m−2), respectively. The aerosol optical depth corresponded well with the scattered radiation, and the maximum value was in May. Further analysis showed a significant correlation between the total radiation and solar height angle under different weather conditions. Under the same solar height angle, total radiation was higher during clear days but lower on sandstorm days. Calculation of atmospheric transmittance showed that the average atmospheric transmittance on a clear day was 0.67; on sand-and-dust days, it was 0.46. When the atmospheric transmittance was 0.5, the increase in scattering radiation by aerosol in the air began to decrease. Probability analysis of radiation indicated the following probabilities of total radiation <500 W m−2 occurring on clear, floating-dust, blowing-sand, and sandstorm days: 67.1%, 76.3%, 76.1%, and 91.8%, respectively. Dust had the greatest influence on direct radiation; the probabilities of direct radiation <200 W m−2occurring on clear, floating-dust, blowing-sand, and sandstorm days were 44.5%, 93.5%, 91.3%, and 100%, respectively, whereas those of scattered radiation <600 W m−2were 100%, 99.1%, 98.1%, and 100%, respectively. Therefore, the presence of dust in the air will reduce scattered radiation.

scholarly journals Comparison of UV climates at Summit, Greenland; Barrow, Alaska and South Pole, Antarctica

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4949-4976
Author(s):  
G. Bernhard ◽  
C. R. Booth ◽  
J. C. Ehramjian
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Lower Latitude ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Summer Maximum

Abstract. An SUV-150B spectroradiometer for measuring solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiance was installed at Summit, Greenland, in August 2004. Here we compare the initial data from this new location with similar measurements from Barrow, Alaska and South Pole. Measurements of irradiance at 345 nm performed at equivalent solar zenith angles (SZAs) are almost identical at Summit and South Pole. The good agreement can be explained with the similar location of the two sites on high-altitude ice caps with high surface albedo. Clouds have little impact at both sites, but can reduce irradiance at Barrow by more than 75%. Clear-sky measurements at Barrow are smaller than at Summit by 14% in spring and 36% in summer, mostly due to differences in surface albedo and altitude. Comparisons with model calculations indicate that aerosols can reduce clear-sky irradiance at 345 nm by 4–6%; aerosol influence is largest in April. Differences in total ozone at the three sites have a large influence on the UV Index. At South Pole, the UV Index is on average 20–80% larger during the ozone hole period than between January and March. At Summit, total ozone peaks in April and UV Indices in spring are on average 10–25% smaller than in the summer. Maximum UV Indices ever observed at Summit and South Pole are 6.7 and 4.0, respectively. The larger value at Summit is due to the site's lower latitude. For comparable SZAs, average UV Indices measured during October and November at South Pole are 1.9–2.4 times larger than measurements during March and April at Summit. Average UV Indices at Summit are over 50% greater than at Barrow because of the larger cloud influence at Barrow.

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