scholarly journals Modelling ground displacement and gravity changes with the MUFITS simulator

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Andrey Afanasyev ◽  
Ivan Utkin
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Hydrothermal Activity ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Ground Displacement ◽  
Benchmark Study ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Gravity Changes ◽  
Subsurface Flows ◽  
Reservoir Simulator ◽  
First Time

Abstract. We present an extension of the MUFITS reservoir simulator for modelling the ground displacement and gravity changes associated with subsurface flows in geologic porous media. Two different methods are implemented for modelling the ground displacement. The first approach is simple and fast and is based on an analytical solution for the extension source in a semi-infinite elastic medium. Its application is limited to homogeneous reservoirs with a flat Earth surface. The second, more comprehensive method involves a one-way coupling of MUFITS with geomechanical code presented for the first time in this paper. We validate the accuracy of the development by considering a benchmark study of hydrothermal activity at Campi Flegrei (Italy). We investigate the limitations of the first approach by considering domains for the geomechanical problem that are larger than those for the fluid flow. Furthermore, we present the results of more complicated simulations in a heterogeneous subsurface when the assumptions of the first approach are violated. We supplement the study with the executable of the simulator for further use by the scientific community.

scholarly journals Numerical models for ground deformation and gravity changes during volcanic unrest: simulating the hydrothermal system dynamics of a restless caldera

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Coco ◽  
J. Gottsmann ◽  
F. Whitaker ◽  
A. Rust ◽  
G. Currenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Hydrothermal System ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Gravity Data ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Gravity Changes

Abstract. Ground deformation and gravity changes in restless calderas during periods of unrest can signal an impending eruption and thus must be correctly interpreted for hazard evaluation. It is critical to differentiate variation of geophysical observables related to volume and pressure changes induced by magma migration from shallow hydrothermal activity associated with hot fluids of magmatic origin rising from depth. In this paper we present a numerical model to evaluate the thermo-poroelastic response of the hydrothermal system in a caldera setting by simulating pore pressure and thermal expansion associated with deep injection of hot fluids (water and carbon dioxide). Hydrothermal fluid circulation is simulated using TOUGH2, a multicomponent multiphase simulator of fluid flows in porous media. Changes in pore pressure and temperature are then evaluated and fed into a thermo-poroelastic model (one-way coupling), which is based on a finite-difference numerical method designed for axi-symmetric problems in unbounded domains.Informed by constraints available for the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy), a series of simulations assess the influence of fluid injection rates and mechanical properties on the hydrothermal system, uplift and gravity. Heterogeneities in hydrological and mechanical properties associated with the presence of ring faults are a key determinant of the fluid flow pattern and consequently the geophysical observables. Peaks (in absolute value) of uplift and gravity change profiles computed at the ground surface are located close to injection points (namely at the centre of the model and fault areas). Temporal evolution of the ground deformation indicates that the contribution of thermal effects to the total uplift is almost negligible with respect to the pore pressure contribution during the first years of the unrest, but increases in time and becomes dominant after a long period of the simulation. After a transient increase over the first years of unrest, gravity changes become negative and decrease monotonically towards a steady-state value.Since the physics of the investigated hydrothermal system is similar to any fluid-filled reservoir, such as oil fields or CO2 reservoirs produced by sequestration, the generic formulation of the model will allow it to be employed in monitoring and interpretation of deformation and gravity data associated with other geophysical hazards that pose a risk to human activity.

Marketing Gaps and Intersections, Between Education and Social Practice: the “Win-Win-Win Papakonstantinidis Model” and the High-Risk Ethical Priorities (HREP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Leonidas A. Papakonstantinidis
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Entrepreneur ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Good Trade ◽  
First Time ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Given gaps and intersections between education and social practice, this article goes to the next step. Efforts are focused on “what must be done,” what policy must be applied so that gaps and intersections must be eliminated, that means “all about the graduated from any education level could be absorbed by the labor market in a period. Conventional policies have failed, and alternative solutions are promoted by the scientific community among them, some scientists propose quite new forms, as the compassion-social entrepreneur. In this volume-section a quite radical reversal concept is proposed Instead of “good trade practices” in the frame of a high risk hard competitive market’s environment”, the “High Risk Ethical Priorities” is proposed taking into account market trends, and competition. From this point of view, the term “High Risk Ethical Priorities” (HREP) is introduced (for the first time), by this article. Finally, the two criteria, the Chi-square and the NE have been used, for the point of the unique equilibrium (deviation=0) be detected.

Rare metals on shatter cone surfaces from the Steinheim Basin (SW Germany) – remnants of the impacting body?

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 1205-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. BUCHNER ◽  
M. SCHMIEDER
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Activity ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Iron Meteorite ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Central Uplift ◽  
Post Impact ◽  
Shatter Cones ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe ~3.8 km Steinheim Basin in SW Germany is a well-preserved complex impact structure characterized by a prominent central uplift and well-developed shatter cones that occur in different shocked target lithologies. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis have revealed, for the first time, the occurrence of rare metals on the Steinheim shatter cone surfaces. Shatter cones produced from the Middle Jurassic (Aalenian) Opalinus Claystone (‘Opalinuston’), temporarily exposed in the central uplift in spring 2010, and shatter cones in Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) limestones from the southeastern crater rim domain are commonly covered by faint coatings. The Opalinus Claystone shatter cone surfaces carry coatings dominated by Fe, Ca, P, S and Al, and are covered by abundant small, finely dispersed microparticles and aggregates of native gold, as well as locally elevated concentrations of Pt. On several surfaces of the claystone shatter cones, additional Fe, Ni and Co was detected. The Ca–Mn-rich coatings on the limestone shatter cone surfaces locally include patches of Fe, Ni, Co, Cu and Au in variable amounts and proportions. The intriguing coatings on the Steinheim shatter cones could either stem from the impacted Lower Jurassic to Palaeogene sedimentary target rocks; from the crystalline-metamorphic Variscan crater basement; or, alternatively, these coatings might represent altered meteoritic matter from the Steinheim impactor, possibly an iron meteorite, which may have been remobilized during post-impact hydrothermal activity. We here discuss the most plausible source for the rare metals found adherent to the shatter cone surfaces.

scholarly journals THE FIRST "LOST" INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NONLINEAR OSCILLATIONS (I.C.N.O.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250097 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN-MARC GINOUX
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Nonlinear Oscillations ◽  
Russian Mathematician ◽  
Henri Poincaré ◽  
Van Der Pol ◽  
International Conference ◽  
First Time

From January 28 to 30, 1933, was held at the Institut Henri Poincaré (Paris) the first International Conference of Nonlinear Oscillations organized at the initiative of the Dutch physicist Balthazar Van der Pol and of the Russian mathematician Nikolaï Dmitrievich Papaleksi. The discovery of this forgotten event, whose virtually no trace remains, was made possible thanks to the report written by Papaleksi on his return to USSR. This document has revealed, both the list of participants who included French mathematicians — Alfred Liénard, Élie and Henri Cartan, Henri Abraham, Eugène Bloch, Léon Brillouin, Yves Rocard — and, the content of presentations and discussions. The analysis of the minutes of this conference presented here for the first time highlights the role and involvement of the French scientific community in the development of the theory of nonlinear oscillations.

scholarly journals ON THE PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH, MADE BY SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY OF BORDERING STATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Yury Kharmaev
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Science Community ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fundamental Rights And Freedoms ◽  
First Time ◽  
Theoretical Developments

The article is devoted to the researches analysis held by the scientific community of neighboring states, which are of a practical assistance to foreign citizens while visiting neighboring territories. As the subject of the study, conceptual issues of protecting the fundamental rights and freedoms of foreign citizens in the host country were selected (for example, Russia and Mongolia). Dialectic approach was used when disclosing the research’s general theme, the following methods were used: formal-logical, comparative-legal, sociological. It is well determined that joint science researches made by the science community representatives of bordering states correspond to the requirements of the time and find receptive audience and support by citizens of the neighboring states in the context of rights and fundamental freedoms protection. The aforementioned concept for the first time considers the intersectoral principle of protecting the rights and freedoms of foreign citizens in the host country. The prepared theoretical developments and recommendations in the form of memos, booklets, brochures in different languages reflect the specifics of different industries, such as civil, administrative, constitutional, criminal law, etc.

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