scholarly journals Adaptive selection of diurnal minimum variation: a statistical strategy to obtain representative atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> data and its application to European elevated mountain stations

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1501-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Ludwig Ries ◽  
Hannes Petermeier ◽  
Martin Steinbacher ◽  
Angel J. Gómez-Peláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Seasonal Trend ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Statistical Strategy ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Minimum Variation

Abstract. Critical data selection is essential for determining representative baseline levels of atmospheric trace gases even at remote measurement sites. Different data selection techniques have been used around the world, which could potentially lead to reduced compatibility when comparing data from different stations. This paper presents a novel statistical data selection method named adaptive diurnal minimum variation selection (ADVS) based on CO2 diurnal patterns typically occurring at elevated mountain stations. Its capability and applicability were studied on records of atmospheric CO2 observations at six Global Atmosphere Watch stations in Europe, namely, Zugspitze-Schneefernerhaus (Germany), Sonnblick (Austria), Jungfraujoch (Switzerland), Izaña (Spain), Schauinsland (Germany), and Hohenpeissenberg (Germany). Three other frequently applied statistical data selection methods were included for comparison. Among the studied methods, our ADVS method resulted in a lower fraction of data selected as a baseline with lower maxima during winter and higher minima during summer in the selected data. The measured time series were analyzed for long-term trends and seasonality by a seasonal-trend decomposition technique. In contrast to unselected data, mean annual growth rates of all selected datasets were not significantly different among the sites, except for the data recorded at Schauinsland. However, clear differences were found in the annual amplitudes as well as the seasonal time structure. Based on a pairwise analysis of correlations between stations on the seasonal-trend decomposed components by statistical data selection, we conclude that the baseline identified by the ADVS method is a better representation of lower free tropospheric (LFT) conditions than baselines identified by the other methods.

scholarly journals Adaptive Baseline Finder, a statistical data selection strategy to identify atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> baseline levels and its application to European elevated mountain stations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Ludwig Ries ◽  
Hannes Petermeier ◽  
Martin Steinbacher ◽  
Angel J. Gómez-Peláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
Atmospheric Trace Gas ◽  
Seasonal Decomposition

Abstract. Critical data selection is essential for determining representative baseline levels of atmospheric trace gas measurements even at remote measuring sites. Different data selection techniques have been used around the world which could potentially lead to bias when comparing data from different stations. This paper presents a novel statistical data selection method based on CO2 diurnal pattern occurring typically at high elevated mountain stations. Its capability and applicability was studied for atmospheric measuring records of CO2 from 2010 to 2016 at six Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) stations in Europe, namely Zugspitze-Schneefernerhaus (Germany), Sonnblick (Austria), Jungfraujoch (Switzerland), Izaña (Spain), Schauinsland (Germany) and Hohenpeissenberg (Germany). Three other frequently applied statistical data selection methods were implemented for comparison. Among all selection routines, the new method named Adaptive Baseline Finder (ABF) resulted in lower selection percentages with lower maxima during winter and higher minima during summer in the selected data. To investigate long-term trend and seasonality, seasonal decomposition technique STL was applied. Compared with the unselected data, mean annual growth rates of all selected data sets were not significantly different except for Schauinsland. However, clear differences were found in the annual amplitudes as well as for the seasonal time structure. Based on correlation analysis, results by ABF selection showed a better representation of the lower free tropospheric conditions.

scholarly journals The development of Russian tourism market: problems and potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Vera Sergeevna Zarutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
In The Beginning

The downturn in tourism sector due to the COVID-2020 pandemic requires active measures taken by the governments towards reorientation of national tourism markets towards domestic tourism. The subject of this article is the economic health of tourism. The object is the tourism market of the Russian Federation. The article is dedicated to statistical analysis of the Russian tourism market. The research methodology is based on the systematic approach towards management. Using the official data of Rosstat, the author examines the 2014 &ndash; 2019 period of development of the tourism market. The analysis of the results of 2020 is conducted via using relevant statistical data and expert evaluations published by the recognized organizations. Description is given to the current concept of tourism market, adopted by Rosstat for data collection. The author provides the results of comparison of the official statistical data that reflect the situation and trends in the development of Russian tourism market over the period from 2014 to 2019. Assessment is given to the long-term trends that determine the pre-crisis state of the tourism market. The conclusion is made on the growth of tourism market in the indicated period. The article reveals the peculiarities of consumer behavior developed in the market by the end of 2019. Sustained imbalance of the demand for international tourism is observed. The key outcome of the crisis for tourism sector 2020 are presented in form of comparison of numerical data in the beginning and in the end of the year. The trends established in the behavior of consumers and companies are described. The author underlines the need for comprehensive management of the market in order to fulfill the potential of domestic tourism.

scholarly journals INTELLECTUAL OPERATIONS DEVELOPMENT THROUGH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 085
Author(s):  
Ludmila Ivanova ◽  
Ludmila Repkina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
Engineering Information ◽  
Engineering Environment ◽  
Intellectual Skills ◽  
Digital Engineering

This paper deals with the idea of efficient intellectual operations development required for students to be successful at acquiring information via IT tools and learning a foreign language. The authors provide a list of functional soft skills referred to cogitative abilities. These operations ensure critical data selection during relevant engineering information search contained in digital engineering environment. Intellectual skills are rated in the course of instruction of graduates and undergraduates.  Suggestions on skills formation and their further improvement on the basis of IT tools and  functional approach are given.  

scholarly journals An approach to fuzzy database querying, analysis and realization

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Hudec
Keyword(s):  
Relational Databases ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Data Selection ◽  
Database Querying ◽  
Fuzzy Query ◽  
Logical Condition ◽  
Fuzzy Database

Although the Structured Query Language (SQL) is a very powerful tool, it is unable to satisfy needs for data selection based on linguistic expressions and degrees of truth. The goal of the research whose results are presented in the paper is to capture these expressions and make them suitable for queries. For this purpose the fuzzy generalized logical condition for the WHERE part of SQL was developed. In this way, queries based on linguistic expressions are supported and are accessing relational databases in the same way as with the SQL. Fuzzy query is not only a querying tool; it improves the meaning of a query and extracts additional valuable information. Statistical data about districts of the Slovak Republic are used in the case study. Fuzzy approach has some limitations that would appear in a querying process. These limitations and ideas how to solve them are outlined in this paper.

Knowledge-Based Decision Support for Diagnosis and Therapy: On the Multiple Usability of Patient Data

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Haux
Keyword(s):  
Expert Systems ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Attribute Selection ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Inference Mechanism ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Clinical Registries

Abstract:Expert systems in medicine are frequently restricted to assisting the physician to derive a patient-specific diagnosis and therapy proposal. In many cases, however, there is a clinical need to use these patient data for other purposes as well. The intention of this paper is to show how and to what extent patient data in expert systems can additionally be used to create clinical registries and for statistical data analysis. At first, the pitfalls of goal-oriented mechanisms for the multiple usability of data are shown by means of an example. Then a data acquisition and inference mechanism is proposed, which includes a procedure for controlling selection bias, the so-called knowledge-based attribute selection. The functional view and the architectural view of expert systems suitable for the multiple usability of patient data is outlined in general and then by means of an application example. Finally, the ideas presented are discussed and compared with related approaches.

Confidentiality of Statistical Records: A Threat-Monitoring Scheme for On Line Dialogue

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schlörer
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Monitoring Scheme ◽  
Access Controls ◽  
On Line ◽  
Bona Fide

From a statistical data bank containing only anonymous records, the records sometimes may be identified and then retrieved, as personal records, by on line dialogue. The risk mainly applies to statistical data sets representing populations, or samples with a high ratio n/N. On the other hand, access controls are unsatisfactory as a general means of protection for statistical data banks, which should be open to large user communities. A threat monitoring scheme is proposed, which will largely block the techniques for retrieval of complete records. If combined with additional measures (e.g., slight modifications of output), it may be expected to render, from a cost-benefit point of view, intrusion attempts by dialogue valueless, if not absolutely impossible. The bona fide user has to pay by some loss of information, but considerable flexibility in evaluation is retained. The proposal of controlled classification included in the scheme may also be useful for off line dialogue systems.

Russian Oil: Production and Exports

2003 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
K. Liuhto
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
The Baltic

Statistical data on reserves, production and exports of Russian oil are provided in the article. The author pays special attention to the expansion of opportunities of sea oil transportation by construction of new oil terminals in the North-West of the country and first of all the largest terminal in Murmansk. In his opinion, one of the main problems in this sphere is prevention of ecological accidents in the process of oil transportation through the Baltic sea ports.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document