scholarly journals Downlink beamforming concepts in UTRA FDD

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schacht ◽  
A. Dekorsy ◽  
P. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Channel Estimation ◽  
Adaptive Beamforming ◽  
Multipath Channel ◽  
System Level ◽  
Control Channel ◽  
Physical Control ◽  
Downlink Beamforming ◽  
Pilot Channel ◽  
Beam Switching ◽  
Fixed Beam

Abstract. This article gives a comparison of beamforming concepts. Adaptive beamforming and fixed beam switching in WCDMA-FDD-mode are compared from a system level perspective, ordinary sectorization (three 120° sectors) serves as a basis for comparison. Pilot channels P-CPICH (Primary Common Pilot Channel) and S-CPICH (Secondary CPICH) are considered as additional interference. For adaptive beamforming channel estimation has to be based on the pilot bit sequence on DPCCH (Dedicated Physical Control Channel) which leads to degradation especially for high mobile velocities and large angular dispersions of the multipath channel.

scholarly journals 5G Fixed Beam Switching on Microstrip Patch Antenna

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 975
Author(s):  
Low Ching Yu ◽  
Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Beam Forming ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Half Power ◽  
Switching Method ◽  
Beam Switching ◽  
Fixed Beam

<span lang="EN-US">5G technology is using millimeter-wave band to improve the wireless communication system.  However, narrow transmitter and receiver beams have caused the beam coverage area to be limited. Due to propagation limitations of mm wave band, beam forming technology with multi-beam based communication system, has been focused to overcome the problem. In this letter, a fixed beam switching method is introduced. By changing the switches, four different configurations of patch array antennas are designed to investigate their performances in terms of radiation patterns, beam forming angle, gain, half-power bandwidth and impedance bandwidth at 28 GHz operating frequency for 5G application. Mircostrip antenna is preferred due to its low profile, easy in feeding and array configurations. Three different beam directions had been formed at -15°, 0°, and 15° with half-power bandwidth of range 45˚ to 50˚.</span>

scholarly journals Mobility Management Based on Beam-Level Measurement Report in 5G Massive MIMO Cellular Networks

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Younghoon Jo ◽  
Jaechan Lim ◽  
Daehyoung Hong
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
System Level ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
User Terminal ◽  
System Level Simulation ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Beam Switching

Massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MMIMO) in the mmWave band is an essential technique to achieve the desired performance for 5G new radio (NR) systems. To employ mmWave MMIMO technology, an important challenge is maintaining seamless mobility to users because we need to consider beam-switching within a cell besides the handover between cells. For mobility management in 5G NR systems, 3GPP specified a beam-level-mobility scheme that includes beam pairing and maintenance between a transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) pair. We propose a unific-measurement report based mobility management scheme for improved radio-link-failure (RLF) rate and the accuracy of the Tx-Rx-beam-pair (TRP) selection with low overhead in 5G mmWave MMIMO networks where both handover and beam-switching are required. Furthermore, we modeled a finite-state-machine (FSM) for a user terminal to evaluate performance gain based on a system-level-simulation (SLS). We use the FSM-based Monte-Carlo SLS for the experiment and compare the performance of the proposed scheme with that of existing schemes in the scenario where both beam and cell-level-mobility are necessary. We show that the proposed scheme achieves an improvement in terms of the 3-dB loss probabilities representing the accuracy of the TRP selection, signal-to-interference-and-noise-ratio (SINR), and RLF rates with a lower signaling overhead compared to existing methods.

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