scholarly journals Predicting mangrove forest dynamics across a soil salinity gradient using an individual-based vegetation model linked with plant hydraulics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaya Yoshikai ◽  
Takashi Nakamura ◽  
Rempei Suwa ◽  
Sahadev Sharma ◽  
Rene Rollon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Plant Hydraulics

Abstract. In mangrove forests, soil salinity is one of the most significant environmental factors determining mangrove forest distribution and productivity as it limits plant water uptake and carbon gain. However, salinity control on mangrove productivity through plant hydraulics has not been investigated by existing mangrove models. Thus, we present a new individual-based model linked with plant hydraulics to incorporate physiological characterization of mangrove growth under salt stress. Plant hydraulics was associated with mangroves nutrient uptake and biomass allocation apart from water flux and carbon gain. The developed model was performed for two-coexisting species of Rhizophora stylosa and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in a subtropical mangrove forest in Japan. The model predicted that the productivity of both species was affected by soil salinity through downregulation of stomatal conductance, while B. gymnorrhiza trees grow faster and suppress the growth of R. stylosa trees by shading that resulted in a B. gymnorrhiza-dominated forest under low soil salinity conditions (< 28 ‰). Alternatively, the increase in soil salinity significantly reduced the productivity of B. gymnorrhiza compared to R. stylosa, leading to an increase in biomass of R. stylosa despite the enhanced salt stress (> 30 ‰). These predicted patterns in forest structures across soil salinity gradient remarkably agreed with field data, highlighting the control of salinity on productivity and tree competition as factors that shape the mangrove forest structures. The model reproducibility of forest structures was also supported by the predicted self-thinning processes, which likewise agreed with field data. In addition, the mangroves morphological adjustment to increasing soil salinity – by decreasing transpiration and increasing hydraulic conductance – was reasonably predicted. Aside from the soil salinity, seasonal dynamics in atmospheric variables (solar radiation and temperature) was highlighted as factors influencing mangrove productivity in a subtropical region. The physiological principle-based improved model has the potential to be extended to other mangrove forests in various environmental settings, thus contributing to a better understanding of mangrove dynamics under future global climate change.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MANGROVE DI DESA MENDALOK KECAMATAN SUNGAI KUNYIT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Muharamsyah ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari ◽  
Hafiz Ardian
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Bruguiera Cylindrica

Mangrove forests are unique ecosystems that have ecological, biological and socio-economic functions. The function of mangrove forests on the environment is very important especially in the coastal and oceanic regions. Mangrove forests providers of wood, leaves as raw material for medicines, and natural dye. This study aims to inventory the diversity of species of mangrove vegetation in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. The benefits of this study are to provide the data on mangrove forest vegetation as basic data for local government and related agencies in efforts to protect and preserve mangrove forests in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. Inventory the tree in mangrove forest used a line with measured 200 meters. There are 6 lines and the distance between the lines as far as 100 meters. The lines of observation are placed by purposive sampling. The results of research found 11 types of species and consisted of 6 genera. The genera are Avicennia, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Rhizophora, Soneratia and Xylocarpus. The species found were Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Xylocarpus mollucensis. Diversity of mangrove species in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency was high and should be maintained for conservation and ecotourism area. Keywords : conservation, ecotourism, mangrove, Mendalok Village

scholarly journals Characteristics of gap regeneration in mangrove forests of Dong Rui, Tien Yen, Quang Ninh

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hoang Hanh ◽  
Mai Sy Tuan ◽  
Pham Hong Tinh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Kandelia Obovata ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Ecological Dominance ◽  
Satellite Image Analysis ◽  
Quang Ninh

Field surveys using unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring were conducted in combination with satellite image analysis to evaluate the characteristics of gaps inside mangrove forest vegetation in Dong Rui commune, Tien Yen district, Quang Ninh province as well as the natural regeneration inside these gaps. A total of 15 gaps was located in four survey plots totaling 22,500 m2, among which four different types of mangrove forest communities were found, being dominated by (1) Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; (2) Aegriceras corniculatum, Kandelia obovata, Rhizophora stylosa and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; (3) Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora stylosa; and (4): Aegriceras corniculatum, Kandelia obovata, respectively. Based on observations from 2012 to 2018, changes in regenerated tree densities were similar between gaps with a poor diversity of 2–5 species resembling the composition of the surrounding canopy. In some gaps, species not found in the nearby vegetation were observed with lower densities. Thus, the regeneration and patching of the mangrove forest gaps in Dong Rui were quite uniform at a midium rate. Species composition inside gaps did not differ significantly from the surrounding magrove forest communities. However, the ecological dominance of each species varied over time, depending on several natural factors and human actitvities where gaps were formed..

Mangrove diversity and suitability assessments for ecotourism in Cimalaya Wetan Coast, Karawang District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giok Pin Tjiong ◽  
Jatna Supriatna ◽  
Noverita Dian Takarina ◽  
Rudy Parluhutan Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Avicennia Alba

Abstract. Pin TG, Supriatna J, Takarina ND, Tambunan RP. 2021. Mangrove diversity and suitability assessments for ecotourism in Cimalaya Wetan Coast, Karawang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 803-810. Mangrove forest has been a popular ecotourism destination recently. One of the methods to assess the mangrove potential for ecotourism is by using Tourism Suitability Index (TSI). This study was aimed to assess the ecotourism potentials of mangrove forest sizing of 56.43 hectares in Cilamaya Wetan Sub-district, Karawang District, West Java Province, Indonesia using the TSI method. To assess the mangrove variables, 10 sampling stations have been selected across the coast. In each station, 10 sample plots sizing of 10 m x 10 m have been established. The TSI was measured based on mangrove variables including species diversity, density, and thickness. We recorded six mangrove plant species belonging to three plant families. Avicennia alba, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora stylosa, were common species found along the coast. Shannon-Wiener index (H’) showed that the west and east parts of Cimalaya Wetan had high mangrove diversity compared to the central part. The TSI analysis showed that the most suitable areas of mangrove forests for ecotourism were 32.18 hectares (57.11% of the total area), mainly located in the east part of the coast. Moreover, the moderate and least suitable areas were 19.12 hectares (33.94%) and 5.03 hectares (8.93%), respectively, and located in the central part of the coast.

The anatomical basis of the link between density and mechanical strength in mangrove branches

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia S. Santini ◽  
Nele Schmitz ◽  
Vicki Bennion ◽  
Catherine E. Lovelock
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Anatomical Basis

Tree branches are important as they support the canopy, which controls photosynthetic carbon gain and determines ecological interactions such as competition with neighbours. Mangrove trees are subject to high wind speeds, strong tidal flows and waves that can damage their branches. The survival and establishment of mangroves partly depend on the structural and mechanical characteristics of their branches. In addition, mangroves are exposed to soils that vary in salinity. Highly saline conditions can increase the tension in the water column, imposing mechanical stresses on the xylem vessels. Here, we investigated how mechanical strength, assessed as the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and the modulus of rupture (MOR), and density relate to the anatomical characteristics of intact mangrove branches from southeast Queensland and whether the mechanical strength of branches varies among mangrove species. Mechanical strength was positively correlated with density of mangrove intact branches. Mechanical strength (MOE) varied among species, with Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. branches having the highest mechanical strength (2079 ± 176 MPa), and Rhizophora stylosa Griff. and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Savigny ex Lam. and Poiret having the lowest mechanical strength (536.8 ± 39.2 MPa in R. stylosa and 554 ± 58.2 MPa in B. gymnorrhiza). High levels of mechanical strength were associated with reductions in xylem vessel lumen area, pith content and bark content, and positively associated with increases in fibre wall thickness. The associations between mechanical strength and anatomical characteristics in mangrove branches suggest trade-offs between mechanical strength and water supply, which are linked to tree growth and survival.

scholarly journals Vegetation and Community Structure of Mangrove in Bama Resort Baluran National Park Situbondo East Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Sucipto Hariyanto ◽  
Akhmad Kharish Fahmi ◽  
Thin Soedarti ◽  
Emy Endah Suwarni
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa

Ecotourism development program at Bama beaches area require baseline data of mangrove structure at Bama Resort and in the past two decades has been lost about 35% area of mangrove forest in Indonesia and in the worldThe aims of this study was to find structure, composition, distribution and zonation patterns of mangroves at Bama Resort Baluran Nasional Park. Ten belt-transects were laid perpendicular to the shoreline, using standard methods. Vegetation structure was determined using data collected on plant species diversity, density, basal area, and the number of each species of mangroves. Shannon Wiener index to calculated diversity, evennes and Simpson to calculated dominance index. The results show there are 2 families and 6 mangrove species occurring in the study areas that is Rhizophoraceae (Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Ceriops tagal) and Araceae (Nypa fruticans). The highest importance value was R. apiculata (229.90%) for trees, R. apiculata (148.69%) for the sapling, and R. apiculata (244.83%) for the seedling. The diversity (H) and dominance index (C) values were moderate (1.79) and 0.521. The most dominant species was R. apiculata (C=0.487). The mangrove zonation pattern from coastline to the mainland was R. stylosa, R. mucronata, and R. apiculata, in the outer zone, respectively (zone directly adjacent to the sea); B. gymnorrhiza and C. tagal in the middle zone; and N. fruticans in the zone that adjacent to the mainland. The present study will aid in the conduct and preservation planning of mangrove forest especially at Bama coast and generally in the coastal areas of Indonesia.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COASTLINE CHANGES ON THE POTENTIAL OF MANGROVE FORESTS ON BENGKALIS ISLAND, RIAU PROVINCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
Lulu Mayna Nabilla ◽  
Mubarak Mubarak ◽  
Elizal Elizal
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Coastline Change ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

This study was conducted from January to February 2021 in coastal areas of Bengkalis Regency that is in Riau Province. This study aims to know the coastline changes to the potency of mangrove forests in that area. Field data was collected by survey methods such as direct observation and questioners, and it used different times of satellite imageries to find out the coastline changes over time. The results showed that the coastline of this regency had changed as much as 1036 Ha in average from the year of 1988 to 2020. It was due to coastal abrasion, wave actions, and reduction of mangrove forests; the coastline change reached 12.02 meters per year as the highest. The mangrove forest in the region of this regency plays important roles to the local life, the local economy, and the coastal waters; it was for fishermen, charcoal production, coastal tourism, and transportation as well.

Seed predation in a tropical mangrove forest: a test of the dominance-predation model in northern Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Ceriops Tagal ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTStudies of predation on propagules of the mangroves Avicennia marina, Bruguiera exaristata, Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora stylosa were made in a forest in northern Australia to test the generality of the dominance-predation model. This model states that an inverse relationship exists between the dominance of a species in the canopy of mangrove forests and the rate of predation on the propagules of that species. Significant differences in predation were found among the four species, and among patches of forest dominated by the different species. Predators attacked more than 50% of the propagules of all species except R. stylosa, so are likely to significantly affect forest structure. The intensity of predation did not, however, vary as the dominance-predation model predicted. Instead, predation on the propagules of a species appeared to depend on the availability of propagules of other, more highly preferred, species.

scholarly journals Vegetation Structure and Damage Level Mangrove Forest in Manomadehe Island, Subdistrict South Jailolo, North Maluku Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Salim Abubakar ◽  
Riyadi Subur ◽  
Masykhur Abdul Kadir ◽  
Rina Rina ◽  
Adi Noman Susanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Ceriops Tagal

Mangrove forest is a natural resource typical of tropical coasts, which has multiple benefits with a very broad impact when viewed from social, economic and ecological aspects. Management of natural resources must be very prudent because it takes a long time to be able to recover when damage / extinction has occurred. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of mangrove species, the structure of mangrove forest vegetation (species density, relative density of species, frequency of species, relative frequency of species, species cover, relative cover of species and important values) and to determine the level of damage. Extraction of mangrove vegetation using the "spot check" method. The transects are drawn perpendicular to the coastline along the mangrove vegetation. The composition of mangrove species were 7 species, namely Rhizophora apiculata, R. stylosa, Bruguirea gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Sonneratia alba, Xylocarpus granatum and Aegiceras floridum. In the vegetation structure, the highest density and relative density were found in Rhizophora stylosa and the lowest was Xylocarpus granatum. The highest species and relative frequencies were Rhizophora stylosa, R. apiculata and the lowest were Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The highest type and closure were Sonneratia alba and the lowest was Ceriops tagal. Meanwhile, the highest importance was in Sonneratia alba and the lowest was Xylocarpus granatum. Overall, the density value of mangrove species on Manomadehe Island is 2796 trees / ha so that the condition of the mangrove forests on Manomadehe Island is still in the good category (very dense).

scholarly journals Community-based mangrove forest management action in Rangsang region, district of Kepulauan Meranti, Riau

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaruddin Eddiwan ◽  
Abu Hanifah
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Management Factors

One of the coastal ecosystems that have experienced a high level of degradation due to its utilization pattern which tends not to pay attention to its sustainability aspects is the mangrove forest in Rangsang District, Meranti Islands Regency, and Riau, Indonesia. Seeing the symptoms of mangrove forest destruction for various purposes, it is necessary to manage mangrove forests sustainably. To be able to carry out sustainable management of mangrove forests, management efforts are needed ber of strategic value and right. Management of community-based marine resources is one management strategy that can improve efficiency and fairness in the utilization and management of natural resources. The research aims to identify and analyze the condition of mangrove forests, reviewing mangrove forest management, and the development of community-based mangrove forest in the district of stimuli. The approach used in this study is an analytical descriptive approach with survey methods. This research was conducted in Rangsang sub-district, Meranti Islands regency, Riau. The results showed that the mangrove vegetation found included 7 species from 3 families, namely Avicenniaceae (Avicennia alba and Avicennia marina), Rhizophoraceae (Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) families, and Sonneratiaceae family (Sonneratia alba) , with the value of diversity index (H ') of mangrove vegetation in Rangsang sub-district at each station ranged from 0.91 to 1.69 and the environmental parameters of mangrove vegetation in Rangsang sub-district were obtained from clay sand, sandy clay and sandy clay; Soil pH ranges from 6.6-7.1; temperatures range from 29-31˚C; salinity ranges from 27-31 ppt; and organic matter content between 1.09-7.65. At the very least, there are three factors of decision making on community participation in mangrove forest management, namely management factors, knowledge factors and attitude factors. Meanwhile, mangrove forest management carried out by the community in Rangsang District in the form of rehabilitation, care and supervision. Therefore, in an effort to manage community-based mangrove forests active community participation is required by taking into account management factors, knowledge factors and attitude factors.

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