INVENTARISASI JENIS TUMBUHAN MANGROVE DI AREA TAMAN WISATA BHADRIKA PROVINSI BENGKULU

This study aims to determine the types of mangrove plants in the Bhadrika tourist park, Bengkulu Province. This study uses the method of observation. The data obtained are then immediately taken to the laboratory for identification. The identification process by observing the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruit. The mangroves found were, Avicennia alba, Lumnitzera racemosa, Excoecaria agallocha, Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera cylindrical. There were 5 types of mangroves in the Bhadrika Tourism Park which belonged to 5 families.

The level of damage and estimation of rehabilitation value in the Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism, Makassar City

This study aims to determine the level of damage and estimation of rehabilitation value in the Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism, Makassar City. The sampling technique was carried out using a survey technique with a purposive sampling method. The size of the plots made is 20 m x 50 m with a total of 8 plots. The level of mangrove damage is determined based on land cover and vegetation density. Estimating the value of ecotourism rehabilitation is based on the Regulation of the Director-General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation P.8/KSDAE/SET/REN.2/10/2017 concerning Standards for Activities and Costs for Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. The results showed that there were two types of mangrove species, namely Rhizophora mucronate and Avicennia alba. Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism has a vegetation cover of 82% with a vegetation density of 1,760 individuals/ha, so that the level of damage to mangroves is in a good category. In general, damage to Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism is caused by converting mangrove forests into fishponds and settlements. The total cost of mangrove forest rehabilitation is IDR. 350,220,000

Isolation and amplification of mangrove plants using DNA barcode in Percut Sei Tuan, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Mangroves are a collection of several species of trees or shrubs that distribute around the coastline and can survive in high salinity environments. Around 60% of mangrove forests in North Sumatra are reported to have been damaged, the main factors of this damage being the mangrove forests conversion into ponds and the expansion of oil palm plantations. Identification of mangrove species is very important in protecting and applying the biodiversity of mangrove forests. Identification of living things has evolved from morphological charcetrization to molecular identification. This study aims to explain the DNA isolation and PCR methods to identify mangrove species in North Sumatra. The results suggested that the rbcL primer used can detect mangrove species that were visualized in the form of DNA bands. The length of DNA fragments of mangrove species Acrosticum aureum ranged 632.0-619.6 bp, species Rhizophora apiculata 619.6-585.8 bp, species Nypa fruticans 600- 592.9 bp, species Avicennia alba 549.1-533.5 bp, species Hibiscus tiliaceus was not detected, and mangrove species Acanthus ilicifolius 480.3 bp.

PENDUGAAN STOK KARBON DAN SERAPAN KARBON PADA TEGAKAN MANGROVE DI KAWASAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE DESA MOJO KABUPATEN PEMALANG

Pelepasan karbon ke alam semakin buruk akibat banyaknya ekosistem hutan yang hilang atau rusak akibat alisfungsi lahan maupun degradas lingkungan termasuk hutan mangrove yang terjadi di pesisir pantura Jawa. Hutan mangrove memiliki potensi mitigasi terhadap perubahan iklim karena hutan mangrove memiliki kemampuan yang besar untuk menyerap dan menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah besar dan waktu lama. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Desa Mojo, Uujami, Kabupaten Pemalang bertujuan mengestimasi biomassa dan carbon stock serta kemampuan penyerapan karbon dari tegakan mangrove sebagai penyusun utama hutan mangrove. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah metode purposive sampling di 4 stasiun dengan total titik sampling 12. Analisis stok karbon dilakukan menggunakan persamaan allometrik untuk mengestimasikan simpanan karbon pada tegakan pohon. Hasil yang diperoleh ialah di kawasan tersebut ditemukan 3 jenis mangrove yaitu Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba dan Rhizopora mucronata. Nilai kerapatan jenis masing-masing spesies yaitu 1733,3 ind/Ha, 100 ind/Ha dan 766,7 ind/Ha. Total kandungan karbon yang ada pada tegakan pohon mangrove di seluruh kawasan seluas 57,3 Ha yaitu sekitar 8.496,7 ton karbon dengan kemampuan menyimpan CO2 ialah sebesar 31,183 ton carbon /hari.

Pengaruh Media Tanam dan Intensitas Naungan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Api-Api (Avicennia alba)

Mangrove forests are ecosystems located in tidal areas in coastal areas, beaches, and small islands. The area of ​​mangrove forests is decreasing due to the conversion of mangrove forests into fishponds, plantations, and timber exploitation. Mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation activities need to be carried out through planting. Avicennia alba is a pioneer mangrove species that grows in mangrove swamp habitats on sheltered coastal locations, as well as in the saltier parts of the coastline. The objectives of this research is to analyze the effect of planting media and shade intensity on the seedling growth of Avicennia alba. The study used a two-factor experimental design in a complete randomized design. The first factor is planting media and the second one in shade intensity. The results showed that the shading intensity most influenced the growth of Avicennia alba seedlings. The variables affected include height, diameter, number of leaves, total wet weight, and total dry weight. The treatment combination that gave the best results was A2N0, that means the planting medium in the form of a mixture of mud, sand and compost and without shade (0% shade). Keywords: Avicennia alba, growth, photosynthesis, planting media, shade intensity

Pertumbuhan Api-Api (Avicennia alba) dan Kelimpahan Epifauna Bentik di Kawasan Rehabilitasi Mangrove Desa Kedaburapat Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti

The research was conducted in July - October 2020. Collection of data A. alba growth and abundance of benthic epifauna was carried out in the mangrove rehabilitated area of Kedabupat village, Kepulauan Meranti Regency. The aims of this study was to analyze the growth (stems height and diameter) of the mangrove A. alba species as a result of rehabilitation and abundance of benthic epifauna in the area. The method used in this research was a survey method, where data was obtained by directly to the research location. The data collected was data on the height and diameter of A. alba stems, density of macro epifauna species, and water quality in the field, then followed by analysis of water and sediment samples in the laboratory. The results showed that the average increace in height of the stem by zone was 6.45-12.93 cm/month, meanwhile the average value of the increase in stem diameter by zone is 1.53-1.85 mm/month. There were 13 epifauna benthic species from 2 classes namely Gastropod and Malacostraca from mangrove rehabilitation. Gastropod class that was Littoraria melanostoma, Nerita balteata and Sphaerassiminea miniata; from the malacostraca class that was Uca coarctata, Metopograpsus latifrons, Ceonobita cavipes, and Clibanarius longitarsus. Benthic epifauna abundance values average ranged from 31.33-52.22 ind/m2.

Anticoagulant Activity of Mangrove (Avicennia alba) Leaves Extract in Vitro

Anti-coagulants are substances used to prevent the formation of thromboembolism, one of the causes of cardiovascular disease. Since cardiovascular is a disease as the leading cause of death in the world, exploration of novel and more effective anticoagulant is very needed. Mangroves contain flavonoid and sulphated polysaccharide compounds that potential as anti-coagulants. This study aimed to determine the anti-coagulant activity of ethanol extract and fractions of mangrove leaves (Avicennia alba) in human blood cells in vitro. A. alba leaves were collected at Teluk Ekas, East Lombok, Indonesia. The leaves were macerated with 96% ethanol (3x24h) and then evaporated. The extract was then fractionated to obtain the n-hexane, chloroform, and residual fractions. Anti-coagulant activity of ethanol extract and the three fractions were tested in vitro to five human blood samples by the method of Lee-White and Eustrek, compared to heparin as a positive control. Phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract indicated that A. alba leaves extract contains alkaloids, tannin, saponin, flavonoids, sulphated polysaccharide, and terpenoid. The results of Lee-White method were the ethanol extract (1 mg.mL-1), and three fractions (0.5 mg.mL-1) have anti-coagulant activity. Statistical analysis showed that the anti-coagulant activity of the ethanol extract was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to the normal group and fractions and were not significantly different (P>0.05) compared to heparin. Ethanol extract and the three fractions of A. alba leaves have anti-coagulant activity in vitro. The anti-coagulant activity of ethanol extract (1 mg.mL-1) was comparable to heparin (25 IU) and was better than the three extract fractions (0.5 mg.mL-1). Further research is needed to test the anticoagulant activities of isolated sulphated polysaccharides and flavonoid that can be developed as anticoagulant agents.

Tingkat Kerusakan Mangrove pada Desa Jatimalang, Jatikontal dan Ngentak di Pesisir Kabupaten Purworejo, Jawa Tengah

Hutan mangrove merupakan organisme atau tumbuhan yang mampu hidup pada salinitas yang relatif tinggi dan umumnya terdapat di seluruh pantai serta tumbuh berkembang pada daerah yang mempunyai pasang surut air laut. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kondisi ekosistem mangrove di Pesisir Selatan Purworejo. Dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan bulan April berlokasi di tiga desa yang berada di Kecamatan Purwodadi, Kabupaten Purworejo, Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data adalah Metode Transek Garis dan Petak Contoh (Transect line plot). Hasil pengamatan ditemukan 3 jenis mangrove, yang ditemukan pada lokasi, yaitu: Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba dan Avicennia alba, terdapat juga mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius, dan Nhypa fruticans, diketahui juga kerapatan mangrove tertinggi pada stasiun III 9900 Ind/Ha, tutupan jenis Sonneratia alba 50.48, frekuensi tertinggi pada jenis mangrove Sonneratia alba dan Rhizophora mucronata. Indeks nilai penting tingkat pohon, pancang, dan semai yaitu tingkat pohon dari Sonneratia alba sebesar 215, tingkat pancang dari jenis Sonneratia alba sebesar 142, dan semai untuk Rhizophora mucronata dan Sonneratia alba sebesar 100.