The road towards an EU-wide tiered approach assessment of pesticide concentration at drinking water abstraction locations - a combined approach of GIS analysis and modelling on catchment level

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Gebler ◽  
Tom Schröder ◽  
Shanghua Li
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Proxy Data ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Crop Area ◽  
Landscape Level ◽  
The Eu

<p>The exposure assessment of plant protection products (PPP) at drinking water abstraction points is of growing interest for authorities, water suppliers, industry, and other stake holders and is hence particularly addressed in the EU regulatory framework (regulation 1107/2009). However, there is no generic guidance available on the derivation of drinking water abstraction concentrations in the EU. An exception is the national approach of the Netherlands, a simplistic but very solid first Tier approach, which considers edge-of-field PEC<sub>sw</sub>, use intensity including cropping area within a drinking water catchment, application practice and dissipation in the water system amongst others.  The Dutch approach underlies worst-case assumptions e.g. all agricultural land is connected and releases water to a water body. Our work explores the feasibility of a general tiered EU-wide approach to derive realistic PPP concentrations at drinking water abstraction points. Specifically, our goals are: (i) the characterization of EU-wide drinking water catchments, (ii) the identification of vulnerable catchments based on agricultural area or specific crops, (iii) to enable substance specific modelling for agricultural area/crop using a landscape-level assessment model.</p><p>On this account, we analyzed the European catchments for specific crops on the basis of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The focus was on catchment characteristics (e.g. crop area, soil hydraulic properties) which have a strong impact on runoff as well as drainage generation and therefore on the mixing of PPPs in surface water. In a first step, the spatial variation of the mixing factor by crop area was investigated taking into account the stream course from headwater catchment to a larger main river. In the second step, we identified typical abstraction areas for surface water and groundwater using proxy data (e.g. protection zones and other proxy data) with the aim to explore the most vulnerable combinations in the EU. These data can then be used for the definition of specific (vulnerable) scenarios regarding the mixing of PPPs in surface water for a specific crop on EU level.</p><p>It is expected that these data in combination with landscape-level modelling using the Soil and Water Assessment tool (SWAT) can be used as starting point for a tiered exposure assessment to derive generic mixing factors and drinking water concentrations at abstraction locations.</p>

The Integrated Model Evaluation System (IMES): A Database for Evaluation of Exposure Assessment Models

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Schreiner ◽  
M. Gaughan ◽  
H. L. Schultz ◽  
R. Walentowicz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Access Information ◽  
Query Systems

The USEPA Office of Health and Environmental Assessment develops methodologies for conducting exposure and risk assessments. Protocols appropriate for specific analyses have been developed to aid in the selection of an exposure assessment model and to assess the validation and uncertainties associated with models used for toxic chemical exposure assessments in surface water, groundwater, and air. A software package has been developed to provide users with a quick and intuitive tool to access information for selected models and applications based on these protocols. The Integrated Model Evaluation System (IMES) is composed of three modules: 1) Selection, query systems for selecting a model based on technical criteria (currently for surface water, non-point source, and groundwater models); 2) Validation, a database containing validation and other information on over 50 models in various media; and 3) Uncertainty, a database demonstrating uncertainty simulations for several surface water models applied to exposure assessments of several chemicals. The selection modules are linked to the uncertainty and validation modules to access information for chosen models. The PC-based software system employs pull-down menus, help screens, and graphics to display its information.

Surface water as abstraction source for drinking water supply in 2014

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Seewsagur
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Water Abstraction

Data is given as the percentage of water abstracted for drinking supply that comes from surface water. Abstraction sources include: groundwater, spring water, surface water, other sources and imported water. The full data are available online. For more information, visit: www.waterstatistics.org Abstraction Drinking water Human settlements Supply

scholarly journals Development of an aquatic exposure assessment model for Imidacloprid in sewage treatment plant discharges arising from use of veterinary medicinal products

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mechthild Anthe ◽  
Beatrice Valles-Ebeling ◽  
Jan Achtenhagen ◽  
Martina Arenz-Leufen ◽  
Jackie Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Veterinary Medicinal Products

Abstract Background Imidacloprid is an active ingredient included in plant protection, biocidal and veterinary medicinal products (VMPs). VMPs containing Imidacloprid are formulated as spot-on products or collars and designed to protect pets, predominantly dogs and cats, from parasite infestation. Monitoring data collected under the Water Framework Directive between 2016 and 2018 showed detectable and varying levels of Imidacloprid in the UK surface water bodies. The aim of the work was to investigate the potential contribution of VMPs by developing a model for predicting the emissions from sewage treatment plants from the use of dog and cat spot-on and collar VMPs. Due to the absence of appropriate exposure models for VMPs, the model was built based on the principles of environmental exposure assessment for biocidal products. Results Three emission paths were considered to be the most likely routes for repeated emissions to waterways from the use of spot-on and collar VMPs, i.e., transfer to pet bedding followed by washing, washing/bathing of dogs, and walking dogs in the rain. The developed model was used to calculate the Imidacloprid concentrations in surface water after discharge from wastewater treatment plants. Realistic worst-case input parameters were deduced from sales and survey data and experimental studies. Modelled total concentrations in surface water for each pathway ranged from 0.84 to 4.8 ng/L. The calculated concentrations did not exceed the ecological thresholds for the most sensitive aquatic invertebrate organisms and were found to be much lower than the UK monitoring data for river water. For example, the calculated concentration from the bathing/washing of dogs was < 3% of the highest levels of Imidacloprid measured in surface waters. Conclusion In conclusion, a model has been successfully built and applied. The modelled data indicate that these VMPs make only a very small contribution to the levels of Imidacloprid observed in the UK water monitoring programme. Further, calculated concentrations do not exceed ecotoxicological threshold values indicating acceptable chronic safety to aquatic organisms.

Nanofiltration of colored surface water: Quebec's experience

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
P. Kouadio ◽  
M. Tétrault
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Eastern Canada

Three colored surface water nanofiltration pilot-scale projects were conducted in the province of Quebec (eastern Canada), between November 2000 and March 2002, by the company H2O Innovation (2000) inc., for the municipalities of Lac Bouchette, Latulipe-et-Gaboury and Charlesbourg (now part of Quebec City). Results indicated that nanofiltration permeate quality has an advance on present drinking water regulation standard in Quebec, but important membrane fouling occurred. Fouling can be controlled by pretreatment and optimization of the operating conditions.

Occurrence of 1,4-dioxane and MTBE in drinking water sources in Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Simazaki ◽  
M. Asami ◽  
T. Nishimura ◽  
S. Kunikane ◽  
T. Aizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Surface Water Samples

Nationwide surveys of 1,4-dioxane and methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) levels in raw water used for the drinking water supply were conducted at 91 water treatment plants in Japan in 2001 and 2002, prior to the revision of the drinking water quality standards. 1,4-dioxane was widely and continuously detected in raw water samples and its occurrence was more frequent and its concentrations higher in groundwater than in surface water. However, its maximum concentration in raw water was much lower than its new standard value (50 μg/L), which was determined as a level of 10−5 excessive cancer risk to humans. Trace levels of MTBE were also detected in several surface water samples.

Barcelona's water supply improvement: the brine collector of the Llobregat river

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Martín-Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Public Work ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Llobregat River

The Llobregat is a 156 km long river, which supplies 35% of the Barcelona's drinking water needs from the Sant Joan Despí Water Treatment Plant. Since the establishment of the Salt Mine Works in the Llobregat basin in 1923, a progressive salinization of the water sources has been recorded. The operation of the Brine Collector, as a public work carried out by Aigües de Barcelona (AGBAR), started in 1989; it enabled a very significant improvement in the quality of the surface water used for drinking-water production.

INDICATIONS OF SURFACE WATER CONTAMINATION OF DRINKING WATER IN THE SAGARMATHA NATIONAL PARK, NEPAL

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Neumann ◽  
◽  
Kirsten N. Nicholson ◽  
Carolyn B. Dowling ◽  
Leah Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Surface Water Contamination ◽  
Sagarmatha National Park
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