Far-ultraviolet Ionospheric Photometer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyi Peng ◽  
Liping Fu
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Electronic Density ◽  
Radio Communications ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Far Ultraviolet ◽  
The Impact

<p>As a space-based optical remote sensing method, Far-ultraviolet Ionospheric Photometer with small size, low power consumption, high sensitivity is an important means to detect physical parameters of the ionosphere. Using the Far-ultraviolet Ionospheric Photometer to detect the intensity of ionospheric 135.6nm night airglow can obtain the ionospheric TEC, F2 layer peak electronic density(NmF2), which can be used to study the information on changes in ionospheric space environment,and the impact of the ionosphere on the radio communications, etc.; The ionospheric 135.6nm day airglow and the LBH radiation radiance can be used to obtain the ionospheric O / N2 ratio information, which can be used to study the space weather events and monitor the electromagnetic environment changes in the Earth's space. The FY3-D Ionospheric Photometer(IPM), launched on November 15, 2017, has a detection sensitivity which is greater than 150 counts / s / Rayleigh and a spatial field of view of 1.6 × 3.5 ° with high horizontal spatial resolution that will help to achieve the fine detection of the ionosphere. This report will analyze the FY3-D IPM detection results.At the same time,the report will introduce our research team’s work on the development and application of other payloads in the far ultraviolet band</p>

Novel electrochemiluminescent materials for sensor applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Dennany ◽  
Zahera Mohsan ◽  
Alexander L. Kanibolotsky ◽  
Peter J. Skabara
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Radical Cations ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Sensor Development ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensor Devices ◽  
The Impact

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) uses redox reactions to generate light at an electrode surface, and is gaining increasing attention for biosensor development due to its high sensitivity and excellent signal-to-noise ratio. ECL studies of monodisperse oligofluorene–truxenes (T4 series) have been reported previously, showing the production of stable radical cations and radical anions, generating blue ECL. The compound in this study differs from the original structures, in that there are 2,1,3-benzothiadazole (BT) units inserted between the first and second fluorene units of the quarterfluorenyl arms. It was therefore anticipated that the incorporation of these highly luminescent and ECL-active compounds into sensor development would lead to significant decreases in detection limits. In this contribution, we report on the impact of incorporating these novel complexes into sensor devices on the ECL efficiency, as well as the ability of these to improve the detection sensitivity and decrease the limit of detection using the reagent-free detection of model analytes. The real world impact of these compounds is elucidated through the comparison with more standard ECL materials such as ruthenium-based compounds. The potential for multiple applications is to be examined within this contribution.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF A MULTILAYERED MULTI-SCALE VEGETATED SURFACE

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
I. Hosni ◽  
L. Bennaceur Farah ◽  
M. S. Naceur ◽  
I. R. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Soil moisture is important to enable the growth of vegetation in the way that it also conditions the development of plant population. Additionally, its assessment is important in hydrology and agronomy, and is a warning parameter for desertification. <br><br> Furthermore, the soil moisture content affects exchanges with the atmosphere via the energy balance at the soil surface; it is significant due to its impact on soil evaporation and transpiration. Therefore, it conditions the energy transfer between Earth and atmosphere. <br><br> Many remote sensing methods were tested. For the soil moisture; the first methods relied on the optical domain (short wavelengths). Obviously, due to atmospheric effects and the presence of clouds and vegetation cover, this approach is doomed to fail in most cases. Therefore, the presence of vegetation canopy complicates the retrieval of soil moisture because the canopy contains moisture of its own. <br><br> This paper presents a synergistic methodology of SAR and optical remote sensing data, and it’s for simulation of statistical parameters of soil from C-band radar measurements. Vegetation coverage, which can be easily estimated from optical data, was combined in the backscattering model. The total backscattering was divided into the amount attributed to areas covered with vegetation and that attributed to areas of bare soil. <br><br> Backscattering coefficients were simulated using the established backscattering model. A two-dimensional multiscale SPM model has been employed to investigate the problem of electromagnetic scattering from an underlying soil. The water cloud model (WCM) is used to account for the effect of vegetation water content on radar backscatter data, whereof to eliminate the impact of vegetation layer and isolate the contributions of vegetation scattering and absorption from the total backscattering coefficient.

scholarly journals High-Sensitivity Cuboid Interferometric Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Based on Planar Rectangular Film Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6422
Author(s):  
Wenrui Wang ◽  
Yeye Pei ◽  
Lingyun Ye ◽  
Kaichen Song
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Acoustic Detection ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Operating Frequency Range ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Theoretical Pressure

Interferometric fiber-optic hydrophones are an important means in the field of underwater acoustic detection. The design of the hydrophone sensor head is the key technology related to its detection sensitivity. In this paper, a high-sensitivity cuboid interferometric fiber-optic hydrophone based on planar rectangular film sensing is proposed, and the sensitivity of the sensor is compared with that of the widely used air-backed mandrel hydrophone under the same conditions. The acoustic characteristic models of the two types of sensors were established by theoretical calculation and simulation analysis to obtain the theoretical pressure sensitivity. Some experiments were performed to examine the theory and design. According to the experiment results, the mean phase sensitivity of the mandrel type was −112.85 dB re 1 rad/μPa in the operating frequency range of 10–300 Hz, and that of the cuboid type was −84.50 dB re 1 rad/μPa. The latter was 28.35 dB higher than the former was. These results are useful for improving hydrophone sensitivity.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF A MULTILAYERED MULTI-SCALE VEGETATED SURFACE

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
I. Hosni ◽  
L. Bennaceur Farah ◽  
M. S. Naceur ◽  
I. R. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Soil moisture is important to enable the growth of vegetation in the way that it also conditions the development of plant population. Additionally, its assessment is important in hydrology and agronomy, and is a warning parameter for desertification. <br><br> Furthermore, the soil moisture content affects exchanges with the atmosphere via the energy balance at the soil surface; it is significant due to its impact on soil evaporation and transpiration. Therefore, it conditions the energy transfer between Earth and atmosphere. <br><br> Many remote sensing methods were tested. For the soil moisture; the first methods relied on the optical domain (short wavelengths). Obviously, due to atmospheric effects and the presence of clouds and vegetation cover, this approach is doomed to fail in most cases. Therefore, the presence of vegetation canopy complicates the retrieval of soil moisture because the canopy contains moisture of its own. <br><br> This paper presents a synergistic methodology of SAR and optical remote sensing data, and it’s for simulation of statistical parameters of soil from C-band radar measurements. Vegetation coverage, which can be easily estimated from optical data, was combined in the backscattering model. The total backscattering was divided into the amount attributed to areas covered with vegetation and that attributed to areas of bare soil. <br><br> Backscattering coefficients were simulated using the established backscattering model. A two-dimensional multiscale SPM model has been employed to investigate the problem of electromagnetic scattering from an underlying soil. The water cloud model (WCM) is used to account for the effect of vegetation water content on radar backscatter data, whereof to eliminate the impact of vegetation layer and isolate the contributions of vegetation scattering and absorption from the total backscattering coefficient.

scholarly journals Providing multilingual logistics communication in COVID-19 disaster relief

Multilingua ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-528
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yuqin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Important Means ◽  
National Emergency ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTranslation is an important means of enabling access to information in an emergency response. Increasingly, volunteer translators have been using social media platforms to self-organize and carry out urgent translation tasks that effectively complement official disaster relief efforts. However, the role of crowdsourced translations and the capacity of volunteer translators in reducing the impact of disasters remain underestimated and therefore understudied. Based on semi-structured interviews with five volunteer translators and online observation of their translation practices, this study investigates the role of a volunteer-driven crowdsourced translation effort in facilitating the donation and procurement of medical supplies between Wuhan and the world. By addressing the real challenges of urgent crisis communication in Wuhan in the early stages of the pandemic, this study draws attention to the need to integrate information and communication technologies with multilingual resources for disaster relief. In addition, it calls for the inclusion of multilingual logistics in national emergency preparation, response and recovery plans.

scholarly journals Damage Evolution of Granodiorite after Heating and Cooling Treatments

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gomah ◽  
Guichen Li ◽  
Salah Bader ◽  
Mohamed Elkarmoty ◽  
Mohamed Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
The Impact

The awareness of the impact of high temperatures on rock properties is essential to the design of deep geotechnical applications. The purpose of this research is to assess the influence of heating and cooling treatments on the physical and mechanical properties of Egyptian granodiorite as a degrading factor. The samples were heated to various temperatures (200, 400, 600, and 800 °C) and then cooled at different rates, either slowly cooled in the oven and air or quickly cooled in water. The porosity, water absorption, P-wave velocity, tensile strength, failure mode, and associated microstructural alterations due to thermal effect have been studied. The study revealed that the granodiorite has a slight drop in tensile strength, up to 400 °C, for slow cooling routes and that most of the physical attributes are comparable to natural rock. Despite this, granodiorite thermal deterioration is substantially higher for quick cooling than for slow cooling. Between 400:600 °C is ‘the transitional stage’, where the physical and mechanical characteristics degraded exponentially for all cooling pathways. Independent of the cooling method, the granodiorite showed a ductile failure mode associated with reduced peak tensile strengths. Additionally, the microstructure altered from predominantly intergranular cracking to more trans-granular cracking at 600 °C. The integrity of the granodiorite structure was compromised at 800 °C, the physical parameters deteriorated, and the rock tensile strength was negligible. In this research, the temperatures of 400, 600, and 800 °C were remarked to be typical of three divergent phases of granodiorite mechanical and physical properties evolution. Furthermore, 400 °C could be considered as the threshold limit for Egyptian granodiorite physical and mechanical properties for typical thermal underground applications.

scholarly journals Cervical pap smears and pandemics: The effect of COVID-19 on screening uptake & opportunities to improve

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110170
Author(s):  
Hannah Masson
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an unprecedented upheaval within global healthcare systems and resulted in the temporary pausing of the National Health Service (NHS) Scotland Cervical Screening Programme. With several months of backlogs in appointments, there has not only been a reduction in primary samples being taken for human papilloma virus (HPV) testing but there have also been fewer women referred to colposcopy for investigation and treatment of precancerous or cancerous changes as a result. Encouraging uptake for cervical screening was always a priority before the pandemic, but it is even more important now, considering that the fears and barriers to screening that women may have are now exacerbated by COVID-19. Objectives: This article explores the impact of the pandemic on the uptake of cervical screening within NHS Ayrshire & Arran and evaluates potential strategies to improve uptake now and in future such as self-sampling and telemedicine. Methods: This article presents evidence-based literature and local health board data relating to cervical screening during the pandemic. Results: Human papilloma virus self-sampling carried out by the woman in her home has been shown to improve uptake, especially in non-attenders, whilst maintaining a high sensitivity and, crucially, reducing the need for face-to-face contact. Increased education is key to overcoming barriers women have to screening and telemedicine can strengthen engagement with women during this time. Conclusion: There are lessons to be learned from the pandemic, and we must use this opportunity to improve cervical screening uptake for the future.

scholarly journals A Review of Photocatalytic Materials for Urban NOx Remediation

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Hugo Savill Russell ◽  
Louise Bøge Frederickson ◽  
Ole Hertel ◽  
Thomas Ellermann ◽  
Steen Solvang Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Urban Air Pollution ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Nox Removal ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Photocatalytic Materials

NOx is a pervasive pollutant in urban environments. This review assesses the current state of the art of photocatalytic oxidation materials, designed for the abatement of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the urban environment, and typically, but not exclusively based on titanium dioxide (TiO2). Field trials with existing commercial materials, such as paints, asphalt and concrete, in a range of environments including street canyons, car parks, tunnels, highways and open streets, are considered in-depth. Lab studies containing the most recent developments in the photocatalytic materials are also summarised, as well as studies investigating the impact of physical parameters on their efficiency. It is concluded that this technology may be useful as a part of the measures used to lower urban air pollution levels, yielding ∼2% NOx removal in the immediate area around the surface, for optimised TiO2, in some cases, but is not capable of the reported high NOx removal efficiencies >20% in outdoor urban environments, and can in some cases lower air quality by releasing hazardous by-products. However, research into new material is ongoing. The reason for the mixed results in the studies reviewed, and massive range of removal efficiencies reported (from negligible and up to >80%) is mainly the large range of testing practices used. Before deployment in individual environments site-specific testing should be performed, and new standards for lab and field testing should be developed. The longevity of the materials and their potential for producing hazardous by-products should also be considered.

Applications of metamaterial sensors: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Divya Prakash ◽  
Nisha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interaction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ring Resonators ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Split Ring ◽  
Split Ring Resonators ◽  
Quality Testing ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Metamaterial Absorbers

Abstract Sensors based on metamaterial absorbers are very promising when it comes to high sensitivity and quality factor, cost, and ease of fabrication. The absorbers could be used to sense physical parameters such as temperature, pressure, density as well as they could be used for determining electromagnetic properties of materials and their characterization. In this work, an attempt has been made to explore the various possible applications of these sensors. Metamaterial-based sensors are very popular for its diverse applications in areas such as biomedical, chemical industry, food quality testing, agriculture. Split-ring resonators with various shapes and topologies are the most frequently used structures where the sensing principle is based on electromagnetic interaction of the material under test with the resonator. Overcoming the design challenges using metamaterial sensors involving several constraints such as cost, compactness, reusability, ease in fabrication, and robustness is also addressed.

scholarly journals Do the Green Credit Guidelines Affect Corporate Green Technology Innovation? Empirical Research from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Min Hong ◽  
Zhenghui Li ◽  
Benjamin Drakeford
Keyword(s):  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Financing Constraints ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Financing Constraint ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Regulatory Commission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Innovation Policies

Green technology innovation is regarded as an important means to achieve sustainable development. Countries all over the world mainly implement green technology innovation policies from the aspects of environmental regulation and financing constraints. The effect of financing constraint policy on enterprise green technology innovation remains to be investigated. Based on the event of “green credit guidelines” issued by China Banking Regulatory Commission in 2012, this paper collects the panel data of China’s 2825 listed companies from 2007 to 2018, constructs a difference-in-difference model, and studies the impact of green credit guidelines on corporate green technology innovation and its mechanism. The empirical results show: First, green credit guidelines can promote corporate green technology innovation on the whole. Second, the mechanism of green credit on enterprise green technology innovation is identified. Green credit guidelines mainly limited green technology innovation through reducing debt financing, rather than through financing constraints. Third, the impact of green credit guidelines on green technology innovation is heterogeneous. Green credit guidelines have a significant effect on the green technology innovation of state-owned and large enterprises, but have no effect on the green technology innovation of non-state-owned and small ones.

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