The geothermal potential of sedimentary basins – case study for Berlin, Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Bott ◽  
Maximilian Frick ◽  
Nora Koltzer ◽  
Mauro Cacace ◽  
Björn Lewerenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Geothermal Potential ◽  
Wide Range

<p>In this case study a method to estimate the geothermal potential is presented for the capital city of Berlin, Germany. Therefore, it is essential to know the temperature distribution in the subsurface which has been studied intensively in the past.<br>Building on this knowledge, newly available subsurface temperature predictions have been used along with updated geometries and geophysical properties as input data for the application case of hydrothermal doublets and their comparison to earlier realizations. This shows how considering more complex geometries, boundary conditions and processes in numerical 3D thermohydraulic simulations leads to significant changes in the predicted geothermal potential and the associated controlling factors. The model area is part of the Northeast German Basin which consists of a thick sequence (up to 10 km) of differently consolidated sedimentary deposits. This sequence is made up of alternating aquifers and aquitards, wherein several encompass promising targets for different geothermal application scenarios. Namely these include the Jurassic, Middle Buntsandstein and the Sedimentary Rotliegend aquifers. The former two of these reservoirs depict a complex geometry (mainly due to deeper salt movements) leading to a wide range of predicted temperatures, while the latter (situated below the salt) has a more homogenous topography and temperature distribution. This is also connected to the efficacy of different heat transport processes at different depths. <br>The predicted heating power is therefore also distributed heterogeneously and reaches maxima as large as 1.25 MW<sub>th </sub>for the Jurassic, 10 MW<sub>th</sub> for the Middle Buntsandstein and 2.2 MW<sub>th</sub> for the Sedimentary Rotliegend. The models further show that the geothermal potential (or the heating power) of a hydrothermal doublet is controlled by more than merely the reservoir temperature but also the producible mass flux, which in turn depends highly on the reservoir transmissivity. Due to the high variability of predicted geothermal potentials, different utilization scenarios should be investigated in future studies, such as aquifer thermal energy storage or low enthalpy geothermal utilizations.</p>

Influence of fluid flow and heat transport on predictions of geothermal potentials in sedimentary layers of Hesse (Germany)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Koltzer ◽  
Maximilian Frick ◽  
Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth ◽  
Björn Lewerenz ◽  
Kristian Bär ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Heat Transport ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
Upper Rhine Graben ◽  
Reservoir Temperature ◽  
Rhine Graben ◽  
Geothermal Potential ◽  
Upper Rhine

<p>For the sustainable utilization of deep geothermal resources it is essential to predict the exploitable potential thermal energy from the subsurface. One main parameter influencing the geothermal potential is the reservoir temperature that may vary locally or regionally in response to fluid flow and heat transport processes.</p><p>This study aims at combining highly complex 3D thermo-hydraulic numerical simulations of heat transport and fluid flow with predictions of the geothermal potential for the application case of a hydrothermal doublet. Quantifying the influences of conductive, advective and convective heat transport mechanisms on the thermal field and moreover on the predicted heating power requires fundamental numerical investigations. We use the Federal State of Hesse in Germany as study area where heat transport processes have been quantified in recently published studies. There, the heterogeneous geology consists of outcropping Variscan Crust and up to 3.8 km and 1.8 km thick sedimentary deposits of the Upper Rhine Graben and the Hessian Depression, respectively. This geological complexity is expressed by areas of different hydraulic and thermal configurations: in the flat, but tectonically active Upper Rhine Graben high heat flow from below the graben sediments is in contrast to the variable topography of the Hessian Depression with low heat input from the Rhenohercynian Basement.</p><p>The heating power in the three reservoir units (I) Cenozoic, (II) Buntsandstein and (III) Rotliegend is only predicted to be high in the Upper Rhine Graben. There the reservoir temperature is high enough and varies between 50 °C in the convective thermal model of the Cenozoic reservoir and 170 °C in the conductive thermal model of the Buntsandstein reservoir. Predicted low temperatures in the Hessian Depression lead to negligible low heating power, but as production mass flux is above ~6 kg s<sup>-1 </sup>investigations should continue to assess the geothermal potential for other applications like seasonal energy storage or low enthalpy geothermal utilization.</p>

Iran

2015 ◽  
pp. 277-293
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Ghaem
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
General Managers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Many ◽  
Political Economic

The research for this case study considered 55 SMEs in Iran, collecting 227 responses from employees. The data generated from questionnaires were analyzed in order to evaluate the levels of sustainable HR practices in these organizations – outlined in the study of the “honeybee” model and covering a wide range of practices mostly related to people and environmental resource management. Findings suggested that the educational sector has the highest level of sustainability in Iranian companies. In comparison with the educational sector, the production and the automotive sector had a negative contribution to sustainability – this was something seen as of little importance for these businesses. The study looks at the barriers faced in implementing sustainability in organizations, especially in the different political, economic, and social conditions experienced by HR and general managers in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The importance of the environmental aspects is highlighted by the many deaths from air pollution experienced in the capital city – nearly 5,000 fatalities per year.

Site specific agricultural soil management with the use of new technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Variation ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Areas

<p>The Soil Science Institute of Thessaloniki produces new digitized Soil Maps that provide a useful electronic database for the spatial representation of the soil variation within a region, based on in situ soil sampling, laboratory analyses, GIS techniques and plant nutrition mathematical models, coupled with the local land cadastre. The novelty of these studies is that local agronomists have immediate access to a wide range of soil information by clicking on a field parcel shown in this digital interface and, therefore, can suggest an appropriate treatment (e.g. liming, manure incorporation, desalination, application of proper type and quantity of fertilizer) depending on the field conditions and cultivated crops. A specific case study is presented in the current work with regards to the construction of the digitized Soil Map of the regional unit of Kastoria. The potential of this map can easily be realized by the fact that the mapping of the physicochemical properties of the soils in this region provided delineation zones for differential fertilization management. An experiment was also conducted using remote sensing techniques for the enhancement of the fertilization advisory software database, which is a component of the digitized map, and the optimization of nitrogen management in agricultural areas.</p>

An Analytical Approach to Cruise Tourism As an Option For Development: a Case Study of the Sultanate of Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Heba Aziz ◽  
Osman El-Said ◽  
Marike Bontenbal
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Expenditure ◽  
Return Intention

The objective of this study was to measure the level of cruise tourists' satisfaction as well as the relationship between satisfaction, recommendation, return intention, and expenditure. Also, the impact of factors such as nationality, length of the visit, and age on the level of expenditure was measured. An empirical approach for data collection was followed and a total of 152 questionnaires were collected from cruise tourists visiting the capital city of Oman, Muscat, as cruise liners anchor at Sultan Qaboos Port. Results of the regression analysis supported the existence of a causal relationship between satisfaction with destination attributes, overall satisfaction, recommendation, return intention, and expenditure. It was found that the average expenditure varies according to age and length of the visit. Recommendations for policy makers were suggested on how to increase the role of cruise tourism in strengthening the economy.

RECYCLED WATER RISK PERCEPTION - A COMPARISON OF TWO CASE STUDIES

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hurlimann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Survey ◽  
Water Uses

This paper reports results from a study comparing perceived risk associated with various recycled water uses in two Australian locations, both in the state of Victoria: the capital city Melbourne, and Bendigo a regional urban centre. Both locations are experiencing ‘drought’, but Bendigo is experiencing this in a more acute manner. A case study is used in each location. Both case studies involve future use of recycled water in new commercial buildings. An on-line survey was used to measure attitudes to recycled water of the future occupants of both buildings. The study found perceived risk associated with 11 uses of recycled water increased as the use became increasingly personal. Interestingly, no difference in perceived risk associated with 11 uses of recycled water was found between locations. Prior experience (use) of recycled water was found to be a significant and positive factor in reducing risk perception. Various attitudinal variables were found to be significant influences on perceived risk. Results indicate that reducing perceived risk of recycled water use may increase satisfaction with its use.

PROCESSING AND IMAGING OF MARINE SEISMIC DATA FROM THE JEQUITINHONHA BASIN (BAHIA, BRAZIL)

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourenildo W.B. Leite ◽  
J. Mann ◽  
Wildney W.S. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Marine Seismic ◽  
Present Case Study

ABSTRACT. The present case study results from a consistent processing and imaging of marine seismic data from a set collected over sedimentary basins of the East Brazilian Atlantic. Our general aim is... RESUMO. O presente artigo resulta de um processamento e imageamento consistentes de dados sísmicos marinhos de levantamento realizado em bacias sedimentares do Atlântico do Nordeste...

Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Volume 55

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metaphysical Principle

Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy provides, twice each year, a collection of the best current work in the field of ancient philosophy. Each volume features original essays that contribute to an understanding of a wide range of themes and problems in all periods of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, from the beginnings to the threshold of the Middle Ages. From its first volume in 1983, OSAP has been a highly influential venue for work in the field, and has often featured essays of substantial length as well as critical essays on books of distinctive importance. Volume LV contains: a methodological examination on how the evidence for Presocratic thought is shaped through its reception by later thinkers, using discussions of a world soul as a case study; an article on Plato’s conception of flux and the way in which sensible particulars maintain a kind of continuity while undergoing constant change; a discussion of J. L. Austin’s unpublished lecture notes on Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics and his treatment of loss of control (akrasia); an article on the Stoics’ theory of time and in particular Chrysippus’ conception of the present and of events; and two articles on Plotinus, one that identifies a distinct argument to show that there is a single, ultimate metaphysical principle; and a review essay discussing E. K. Emilsson’s recent book, Plotinus.

scholarly journals Determinants of urban sprawl in Latin America: evidence from Santiago de Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Silva ◽  
Francisco Vergara-Perucich
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

AbstractUrban sprawl has been widely discussed in regard of its economic, political, social and environmental impacts. Consequently, several planning policies have been placed to stop—or at least restrain—sprawling development. However, most of these policies have not been successful at all as anti-sprawl policies partially address only a few determinants of a multifaceted phenomenon. This includes processes of extended suburbanisation, peri-urbanisation and transformation of fringe/belt areas of city-regions. Using as a case study the capital city of Chile—Santiago—thirteen determinants of urban sprawl are identified as interlinked at the point of defining Santiago's sprawling geography as a distinctive space that deserves planning and policy approaches in its own right. Unpacking these determinants and the policy context within which they operate is important to better inform the design and implementation of more comprehensive policy frameworks to manage urban sprawl and its impacts.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relation between Mud Components and Rheology for Loss Circulation Prevention Using Polymeric Gels: A Machine Learning Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Musaab I. Magzoub ◽  
Raj Kiran ◽  
Saeed Salehi ◽  
Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein ◽  
Mustafa S. Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Drilling Operations

The traditional way to mitigate loss circulation in drilling operations is to use preventative and curative materials. However, it is difficult to quantify the amount of materials from every possible combination to produce customized rheological properties. In this study, machine learning (ML) is used to develop a framework to identify material composition for loss circulation applications based on the desired rheological characteristics. The relation between the rheological properties and the mud components for polyacrylamide/polyethyleneimine (PAM/PEI)-based mud is assessed experimentally. Four different ML algorithms were implemented to model the rheological data for various mud components at different concentrations and testing conditions. These four algorithms include (a) k-Nearest Neighbor, (b) Random Forest, (c) Gradient Boosting, and (d) AdaBoosting. The Gradient Boosting model showed the highest accuracy (91 and 74% for plastic and apparent viscosity, respectively), which can be further used for hydraulic calculations. Overall, the experimental study presented in this paper, together with the proposed ML-based framework, adds valuable information to the design of PAM/PEI-based mud. The ML models allowed a wide range of rheology assessments for various drilling fluid formulations with a mean accuracy of up to 91%. The case study has shown that with the appropriate combination of materials, reasonable rheological properties could be achieved to prevent loss circulation by managing the equivalent circulating density (ECD).

Retail Suburbanization, Modernization, and Growth in Sydney during Australia’s Postwar Boom

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422110236
Author(s):  
Matthew Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
And Function ◽  
Retail Formats ◽  
Car Driving

This article uses Sydney as a case study to examine the process of retail decentralization during Australia’s postwar boom, showing how the form and function of capital city retailing changed completely in just a couple of decades. Suburban migration, the emergence of mobile car-driving consumers, socially constructed gender roles, the ongoing importance of public transport networks, planning regimes that sought to concentrate development in designated zones, and business growth strategies that deployed retail formats developed in America all played a role in shaping the form and function of Australian retailing during the postwar boom. In the process, the retail geographies of Australia’s capital cities were transformed from highly centralized distribution structures dominated by the urban core, to decentralized landscapes of retail clusters featuring modern retail forms like the supermarket and shopping center that would come to define Australian retailing for the remainder of the century.

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