High-resolution geomorphological mapping of the Pico and Cisnes basins, Patagonia (44-45°S)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Cooper ◽  
Varyl Thorndycraft ◽  
Bethan Davies ◽  
Adrian Palmer ◽  
Juan García
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Temporal Response ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
Ground Truthing ◽  
Geomorphological Evolution ◽  
Glacier Advance

<p>The drivers of latitudinal variations in glacier advance/retreat in Patagonia remain a fundamental question in palaeo-glacier studies. Broader climatic influences that underpin large-scale glacial fluctuations are mediated by topographic, calving, and process-related controls. A key step in understanding the relative importance of these factors in localised glacier response is a thorough investigation of geomorphological evolution.</p><p>In southern South America, large ice-lobes associated with the eastern flanks of the former Patagonian Ice Sheet terminated in the stepparian foothills. The geomorphological records accompanying these palaeo-glaciers represent an invaluable tool for reconstructing past glacier fluctuations. In the Pico and Cisnes valleys (44-45<sup>o</sup>S), ice-lobes underwent multiple advances, likely since the onset of the Great Patagonian Glaciation (~1.1 Myrs ago). The first account of Pico glacial geomorphology and the recognition of palaeo-lake existence was made by Caldenius (1932). Since then, only limited geomorphological investigations of the valley have been undertaken. </p><p>Here we present a high-resolution geomorphological map of the Pico-Cisnes valleys based on mapping from satellite imagery at a 1:5000 scale, supported by ground-truthing in the field. Newly mapped ice limits, glaciolacustrine and glaciofluvial landforms are presented and include moraines, palaeo-shorelines, ice-contact fans, crag and tails, glacially-scoured bedrock, outwash plains and meltwater channels. These landforms provide new insights into landscape evolution essential in understanding the complex glacial/glaciolacustrine processes of the Cisnes and Pico valleys. Moreover, such data will underpin new geochronological frameworks, and allow fresh insights into the spatial and temporal response of these central Patagonian palaeo-glaciers to the onset of deglaciation.</p><p> </p>

Large-scale geomorphological mapping of the Malaya Sosva state nature reserve

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Artem Pshenichnikov ◽  
Konstantin Dektjarev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Aster Gdem ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Sentinel 2A ◽  
State Nature

The Malaya Sosva State Nature Reserve is situated in the west of the Khanty-Mansiysk Au-tonomous Region — Ugra. Lake-alluvial, lake-glacial and moraine plains are the prevalent relief’s types on that territory. The main specificity of the reserve’s relief in the central and southern parts is a chain of hilly watersheds — the Malososvinsky Amphitheater. The central, western, and southern parts of the reserve are distinguished by the greatest depth of dissection, while in the northern and south-western regions, a finely divided relief prevails. To study natural conditions and resources of the reserve, a complex mapping was carried out. Based on the results of field researches organized in the summer of 2017, as well as on the data obtained during the processing of topographic maps of scale 1 : 100 000, a Sentinel-2A satellite image, digital terrain models ASTER GDEM, ALOS World 3D and ArcticDEM, the following large-scale maps were constructed for the area under study: hypsometric, the range of dissection and horizontal dissection of the relief, steepness of slopes, as well as a map of «red relief» (Red Relief Image Map). According to those local maps and taking into consideration all the previously issued maps of a smaller scale, a general geomorphological map of the territory of a scale of 1 : 100 000 has been created.

scholarly journals Дунд масштабын геоморфологийн зураг боловсруулах аргазүйн асуудалд

2017 ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Баянжаргал Б ◽  
Нямхүү М
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Topographical Map ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
Map Scale ◽  
Elevation Model

In order to classify morphology and morphogenetic features of Mongolian eastern region, it is based on the field study measurements, high accurate digital elevation model (DEM), large scale topographical map and targeted to use mapping methodology on chosen territory. We have used geomorphological mapping traditional method and modern advanced technology for this study. As a result, we have received more precise results. According to describing of Mechislav Klimaschewski: Geomorphological map must include appearance, size, origin, age, location of morphology, some information of boundaries between them, also morphometry, morphography, morphogenetic and morph chronical information. As a result of this study, we have mapped geomorphological map based on principle of morphogenetic. This map is consists of 4 groups, 12 features, 58 sub features of origin, and map legends are imaged by map symbols and different colors. Depending on map scale, some morphological features which are impossible to denote are denoted by point and line symbols.

Potential of detailed geomorphological mapping for the study of Holocene glacier chronologies: Mueller Glacier, Southern Alps/New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Winkler
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Southern Alps ◽  
Genetic Origin ◽  
Geomorphological Mapping ◽  
Glacier Foreland ◽  
Geomorphological Map ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All

<p>The investigation of Holocene glacier chronologies has been recognised as a key element of research on mountain glaciations in the light of current global change. They can be utilised as high-resolution palaeoclimatic archives for the immediate and more distant geological past. During the past few decades considerable progress has been achieved, in particular due to substantial improvements of the ability to accurately date glacial landforms such as terminal moraines essential for reconstructing past glacier margins and subsequent analysis in the context of glacier advance/retreat periods. The Southern Alps of New Zealand are among the few suitable study sites for the investigation of Holocene glacier chronologies in the mid-latitudinal Southern Hemisphere that consequently have drawn attention.</p><p>Since early studies of Holocene glacier chronologies in the mid-20th century, mapping of the investigated glacier forelands has been an integrated part of almost all scientific approaches regardless of the individual dating methods that may have been applied. These mapping attempts serve the identification and positioning of certain glacial or glaciofluvial landforms subsequently allowing the reconstruction of former glacier margins. They frequently also provide information about the location of sample sites for the various dating techniques applied. If detailed geomorphological mapping schemes are in use, such maps additionally support the interpretation of any chronological data by identifying the genetic origin of any landform investigated, thus enabling to link the latter to different dynamic stages of the glacier. Additionally, such maps may highlight related uncertainties such as postdepositional disturbance or potentially unclear morphodynamic relationships to the glacier's behaviour.</p><p>Reviewing recent publications it seems, however, that some appraisal of such detailed geomorphological mapping is often traded-off against the impressive progress with up-to-date dating techniques and high-resolution digital elevation models or satellite/aerial imagery. Unfortunately, the latter do neither qualify as geomorphological maps <em>per se</em> or fully serve the abovementioned purposes. The widespread applied common GIS software has, furthermore, limitations with respect to its graphic capabilities and unintentionally entails negligence of established and well-suited signatures or mapping schemes.</p><p>A detailed geomorphological map of the glacier foreland of Mueller Glacier, Southern Alps/New Zealand is presented as a case study. It follows an established geomorphological mapping scheme ("GMK 25") that has been adequately modified to fit both purpose and selected scale. Despite several glacier chronological studies have been conducted on this glacier foreland and the site is considered as a regional key site for related research, this map constitutes the first of its kind. The detailed geomorphological map is utilised to assess discrepancies among existing chronologies by reviewing the morphometric properties and genetic origin of those landforms that have been dated. It reveals that potential postdepositional modification of some landforms investigated had not been appropriately considered with certain previous studies. As a result, the evidence of few glacier advances needs to be classified as weak.  </p><p>Summarising, detailed geomorphological mapping is still essential for the study of Holocene glacier chronologies and should not lose its prominent position or even disappear.</p>

MODELING THE SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN FROM MEDIUM TO HIGH RESOLUTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Gabioux ◽  
Vladimir Santos da Costa ◽  
Joao Marcos Azevedo Correia de Souza ◽  
Bruna Faria de Oliveira ◽  
Afonso De Moraes Paiva
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Surface Relaxation ◽  
The South ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Set Up

Results of the basic model configuration of the REMO project, a Brazilian approach towards operational oceanography, are discussed. This configuration consists basically of a high-resolution eddy-resolving, 1/12 degree model for the Metarea V, nested in a medium-resolution eddy-permitting, 1/4 degree model of the Atlantic Ocean. These simulations performed with HYCOM model, aim for: a) creating a basic set-up for implementation of assimilation techniques leading to ocean prediction; b) the development of hydrodynamics bases for environmental studies; c) providing boundary conditions for regional domains with increased resolution. The 1/4 degree simulation was able to simulate realistic equatorial and south Atlantic large scale circulation, both the wind-driven and the thermohaline components. The high resolution simulation was able to generate mesoscale and represent well the variability pattern within the Metarea V domain. The BC mean transport values were well represented in the southwestern region (between Vitória-Trinidade sea mount and 29S), in contrast to higher latitudes (higher than 30S) where it was slightly underestimated. Important issues for the simulation of the South Atlantic with high resolution are discussed, like the ideal place for boundaries, improvements in the bathymetric representation and the control of bias SST, by the introducing of a small surface relaxation. In order to make a preliminary assessment of the model behavior when submitted to data assimilation, the Cooper & Haines (1996) method was used to extrapolate SSH anomalies fields to deeper layers every 7 days, with encouraging results.

scholarly journals Author Correction: High-resolution, large-scale laboratory measurements of a sandy beach and dynamic cobble berm revetment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris E. Blenkinsopp ◽  
Paul M. Bayle ◽  
Daniel C. Conley ◽  
Gerd Masselink ◽  
Emily Gulson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Laboratory Measurements

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00874-2.

scholarly journals Rapid Single Image-Based DTM Estimation from ExoMars TGO CaSSIS Images Using Generative Adversarial U-Nets

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2877
Author(s):  
Yu Tao ◽  
Siting Xiong ◽  
Susan J. Conway ◽  
Jan-Peter Muller ◽  
Anthony Guimpier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Parameter Tuning ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Laser Altimeter ◽  
Imaging Science

The lack of adequate stereo coverage and where available, lengthy processing time, various artefacts, and unsatisfactory quality and complexity of automating the selection of the best set of processing parameters, have long been big barriers for large-area planetary 3D mapping. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based solution, called MADNet (Multi-scale generative Adversarial u-net with Dense convolutional and up-projection blocks), that avoids or resolves all of the above issues. We demonstrate the wide applicability of this technique with the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) 4.6 m/pixel images on Mars. Only a single input image and a coarse global 3D reference are required, without knowing any camera models or imaging parameters, to produce high-quality and high-resolution full-strip Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) in a few seconds. In this paper, we discuss technical details of the MADNet system and provide detailed comparisons and assessments of the results. The resultant MADNet 8 m/pixel CaSSIS DTMs are qualitatively very similar to the 1 m/pixel HiRISE DTMs. The resultant MADNet CaSSIS DTMs display excellent agreement with nested Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Context Camera (CTX), Mars Express’s High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), and Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) DTMs at large-scale, and meanwhile, show fairly good correlation with the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) DTMs for fine-scale details. In addition, we show how MADNet outperforms traditional photogrammetric methods, both on speed and quality, for other datasets like HRSC, CTX, and HiRISE, without any parameter tuning or re-training of the model. We demonstrate the results for Oxia Planum (the landing site of the European Space Agency’s Rosalind Franklin ExoMars rover 2023) and a couple of sites of high scientific interest.

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