scholarly journals Geographical traceability in grapes: possible applications of trace and ultratrace elements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Vaccaro ◽  
Fabio Alessandro Faccia ◽  
Luigi Sansone ◽  
Elena Marrocchino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Production Area ◽  
C And N ◽  
Scientific System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ultratrace Elements

<p>In the last decades the demand for information and criteria, suitable for connecting products to their production regions, is becoming more urgent in order to protect the qualitative high-level productions by forgery. Wine is one of the products that could benefit of a scientific system of analysis able to define its production area. Features of the association between wine and territory are not only related to pedological but also to geographical aspects. Currently, several studies to define markers, such as isotopic ratios of O, C, and N, able to identify types of wine has been carried out, but they are not suitable to univocally define a specific type of wine in particular due to the high variability of some factors (temperature, age of the vineyard, period of such us isotopic…). Several samples of soils and grapes have been collected within the narrow area, characterized by quite heterogeneous lithologies, of the Euganei Hills area (NE of Italy) in order to identify possible markers typical of the growing area. The concentration of 25 elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Pb, Th) have been determined on grapes by using ICP-MS and on soils by using XRF techniques. Moreover, grapes have been further refined and separated in two different fractions (one residual solid fraction and one liquid fraction). The concentration of Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu have been determined on both these fractions in order to implement and complete the distribution pattern of REEs in the samples. Areas with geochemically different soils have been identified and in each one of these areas have been collected grapes of Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon.  Moreover, in most areas, several cultivars have been collected in order to better understand how biological variables could affect the assimilation of chemical elements from soils. Chemical composition of the grapes’ inorganic fraction seems more influenced by soils than by cultivar type. In fact, REEs distribution patterns tend to differ more considering the same cultivar grown in areas with different pedological features.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Macro-, Micro-, Trace, and Ultratrace Element Concentration in Green-Legged Partridge Hens’ Eggs from a Free-Range System

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Trziszka ◽  
Zbigniew Dobrzański ◽  
Katarzyna Chojnacka ◽  
Anna Bubel ◽  
Halina Beń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
Ultratrace Elements

The goal of this research was to determine the concentration of macro-, micro-, trace, and ultratrace elements in egg albumen and yolk of Green-Legged Partridge (GLP) hens (Polish native breed) maintained in a free-range system. The hens received two feed mixtures (FM), which differed in mineral content (Gr-1 and Gr-2). Analyses of 57 chemical elements were performed using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy by ICP-OES and ICP-MS techniques. FM from Gr-2 were characterized by a significantly (p < 0.05 or 0.01) higher concentration of macro- and microelements (Al, Ba, Ca, K, P, S, Si) than that from Gr-1. Among the trace and ultratrace elements there were significantly higher levels of Co, Cr, Li, Nb, Ni, Pb, Ru, Sn, and Zr, and significantly lower levels of Cs, Pd, and Te in Gr-2 compared with Gr-1. Egg albumen from hens from the Gr-2 group contained a significantly higher Ba concentration. In the case of trace and ultratrace elements, significantly greater Au, Co, Cr, Mo, Nb, Ru, and Se, and less As were recorded in the albumen from Gr-2. No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of macro- and microelements in the egg yolk. Among the examined trace and ultratrace elements, substantial differences were observed in the level of Co, Cr, Ni, Se, Sn, and Y (more in Gr-2), and Au, Hf, Hg, Nb, Nd, and Rb (less in Gr-2). Only in the case of Co and Cr concentrations in the feed (Gr-2) was a significant increase found in the albumen and yolk. Gr-2 also showed a significantly greater concentration of Ba, Nb, and Ru in the albumen, and Ni and Sn in the yolk.

scholarly journals Distributions of Major-to-Ultratrace Elements among the Particulate and Dissolved Fractions in Natural Water as Studied by ICP-AES and ICP-MS after Sequential Fractionation

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihide ITOH ◽  
Taisuke NAGASAWA ◽  
Yanbei ZHU ◽  
Kyue-Hyung LEE ◽  
Eiji FUJIMORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Ultratrace Elements

scholarly journals Design and verification of additional filtration for the application of ecological transmission and hydraulic fluids in tractorc

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1305-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Máchal ◽  
Radoslav Majdan ◽  
Zdenko Tkáč ◽  
Bohuslav Stančík ◽  
Rudolf Abrahám ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Test Operation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Agricultural Tractors ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Function

This contribution presents the design and function verification of additional filtration. It is intended for the common transmission and hydraulic oil filling of tractors. The main role of this filtration concept is to ensure a high level of oil cleanness as a condition for the application of ecologic fluids in tractors. The next one is to decrease the wear of lubricated tractor components, the degradation of oil and eventually to extend the interval of oil change. The designed additional filtering is characterized by ease installation through the use of quick couplings and hoses to the external hydraulic circuit. Therefore, the filtration is suitable for various tractor types. Filter element has been designed with the filter ability 1micron and the ability to separate to 0.5 dm3 of water from oil. Function of additional filtration was verified during the 150 engine hours of tractor operation. During this time period the oil contamination was evaluated on the basis of chemical elements content such as Fe, Cu, Si, Al, Ni, Mo and Cr. The additive concentration was evaluated on the basis of chemical elements content such as Ca, P and Zn. During the test operation of tractor the concentration decrease of chemical elements reached the values 25.53 % (Fe), 23.53 % (Si), 25 % (Al) and 5.5 % (Cu). The decrease of additive concentration reached only medium level (6.6 %). Therefore, the designed additional filtration doesn’t remove additives from oil. Based on the evaluation of the content of chemical elements (that representing contamination and additives), we can say that the designed filtering method is suitable for use in agricultural tractors.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical Processes of C and N in the Soil of Mangrove Forest Ecosystems

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo-Jin Shiau ◽  
Chih-Yu Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
C And N

The mangrove forest provides various ecosystem services in tropical and subtropical regions. Many of these services are driven by the biogeochemical cycles of C and N, and soil is the major reservoir for these chemical elements. These cycles may be influenced by the changing climate. The high plant biomass in mangrove forests makes these forests an important sink for blue C storage. However, anaerobic soil conditions may also turn mangrove forests into an environmentally detrimental producer of greenhouse gases (such as CH4 and N2O), especially as air temperatures increase. In addition, the changing environmental factors associated with climate change may also influence the N cycles and change the patterns of N2 fixation, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, and denitrification processes. This review summarizes the biogeochemical processes of C and N cycles in mangrove forest soils based on recently published studies, and how these processes may respond to climate change, with the aim of predicting the impacts of climate change on the mangrove forest ecosystem.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Distribution of Galectin-4 in Porcine Small Intestine

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Wooters ◽  
Michael B. Hildreth ◽  
Eric A. Nelson ◽  
Alan K. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Single Polypeptide Chain ◽  
Specific Subset ◽  
Carbohydrate Recognition Domains ◽  
Single Polypeptide ◽  
High Level

Galectins are an evolutionarily conserved family of 15 different lectins found in various combinations in virtually every type of animal cell. One of the primary galectins expressed in intestinal epithelium is galectin-4, a tandem-repeat galectin with two carbohydrate-recognition domains in a single polypeptide chain. In the current study, we produced an anti-galectin-4 monoclonal antibody (MAb) for determining the distribution of galectin-4 in porcine small intestine to enhance our understanding of where galectin-4 performs its functions in the small intestine. In immunohistochemistry studies, this MAb detected galectin-4 primarily in the cytoplasm of absorptive epithelial cells lining intestinal villi. Mature epithelial cells at the villous tips stained the most intensely with this MAb, with progressively less intense staining observed along the sides of villi and into the crypts. In addition to its cytoplasmic localization, galectin-4 was also associated with nuclei in villous tip cells, indicating that some galectin-4 may migrate to the nucleus during terminal maturation of these cells. In intestinal crypts, a specific subset of cells, which may be enteroendocrine cells, expressed galectin-4 at a relatively high level. Galectin-4 distribution patterns were similar in all three regions (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) of porcine small intestine.

THE FITOACCUMULATION OF MOLYBDENUM AND MANGANESE IN ALSIKE CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM HYBRIDUM L.) AND GREATER PLANTAIN (PLANTAGO MAJOR L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Małgorzata STOJEK
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Menilite Shales

Studies of molybdenum and manganese content in topsoil and plants were carried out in the Beskidy Wschodnie (Carpathians) in area of occurrence of menilite shales and the Otryt sandstones. The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of ­molybdenum and manganese in plants and the determination of a bioaccumulation of these two chemical elements in two species of plants (­Trifolium hybridum L. and Plantago major L.). Mo symbols were performed by means of ICP-MS method, and Mn were analyzed by means of ICP-OES method. Result of studies in the Trifolium hybridum L. have shown higher content of Mo in the area of occurence of menilite shales (in leaves – 14 mg/kg) than in the Otryt sandstones (in leaves – 0.30 mg/kg). Most Mn accumulates in leaves (86–257 mg/kg). The bioaccumulate indicator of Mo in individual plant species is different and ranges from 0.13 to 1.13. The highest rate of ­bioaccumulation of molybdenum (1.13) can be observed in Trifolium hybridum L., which inhabits areas of menilite shales.

Dissolution of Synroc in Deionised Water at 150°C

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Smith ◽  
Michael Colella ◽  
Gordon J. Thorogood ◽  
Mark G. Blackford ◽  
Gregory R. Lumpkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Level Waste ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Dissolution Study ◽  
Leach Rate ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level ◽  
Periodic Replacement ◽  
Simulated High Level Waste

ABSTRACTSynroc containing 20 wt% simulated high level waste (HLW) was subjected to two sets of leach tests at 150°C where the leachant was and was not replaced during the test (replacement and non-replacement testing). The leachant was a KH-phthalate buffered solution (pH 4.2). Samples were characterised before and after leach testing using SEM, AEM and SIMS. Elemental concentrations in leachates were measured using ICP-MS. In concert with the findings of i) a dissolution study of perovskite in a flowing leachant and ii) a previous Synroc dissolution study (wherein Synroc containing 10 wt% simulated HLW was subjected to periodic replacement, leach testing in deionised water at 150°C), the results of this study show that when the leachant replacement frequency is varied from 7 d to the duration of the test, there is no effect on leach rate or leaching mechanisms.

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