On the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Scientific Research

The regulatory framework for evaluating the effectiveness of scientific research within the national scientific system, at the level of individual scientific organizations and researchers is considered. The analysis of individual indicators of scientific performance at the national level is carried out. In particular, the following indicators were analyzed: publication and patent activity, development and use of advanced technologies, commercialization of technologies in the domestic market and international technological exchange. The compliance of evaluation indicators at the level of scientific organizations and certification of researchers with indicators used at the national level is analyzed. It is concluded that till now the evaluation system usedhad little impact on decision-making on the allocation of resources for scientific research. Low attention of the expert community to the transfer of developments to the real sector was noted, although the available statistics show that there is an interest in new technologies on the part of manufacturing enterprises.

Research on Risk Aversion Strategy in Financial Management of Wholesale and Retail Type Listed Companies

Objectives: In recent years, with the establishment of the socialist market economy, China has set up a number of listed companies, the development of the national economy has played an important role in promoting. However, due to the short time of listing of listed companies, it can not form a scientific system management system like western developed countries. Methods: In the process of management, there are still some shortcomings, among which the most important is financial risk management. Financial risk management for listed companies has a very important role, not only to ensure that its financial work reasonable system of operation, but also to promote the expansion of listed companies an important means, therefore, it must be taken seriously. Results: Based on the present situation of financial risk management of listed companies in China, this paper expatiates on financial risk management and analyzes the shortcomings of financial risk management of listed companies in China’s wholesale and retail types, analyzes their causes in detail. Conclusion: And finally, the corporate financial risk management defects of the governance strategy put forward the corresponding recommendations.

Paradoxes of G.W.F. Hegel’s Biography and Philosophical Ideology

The article examines the paradoxical nature of G.W.F. Hegel’s biography and philosophical ideology. The essence of paradoxicality is substantiated by several factors – biographical, historical-philosophical, hermeneutical, and concrete-historical. The purpose of the work is to identify insufficiently known aspects of the personality and philosophical ideology of the thinker. Methodologically, the study is constructed using dialectical and historical-logical methods. The results of the study are to reveal the voluminous inconsistency of Hegel’s biography and thought; to clarify both the positive and negative aspects of his philosophical ideology. The author shows a number of paradoxes of Hegel’s philosophy: first, the understanding of development as a ‘hard’ war against itself and inattention to the multifactorial and non-linear nature of many processes; secondly, focusing on a logical idea belittles or denies the value of everything else, including living and human beings; thirdly, the desire to raise a person to ‘the highest’ position and at the same time enslave him as a universal creature and a state citizen; fourth, Hegel’s essentialism is frankly anti-existential and merciless to everything private and subjective; fifth, Hegel’s seemingly flawless scientific system suffers from inattention to the complexity and unpredictability of reality; sixth, the Lutheran religiosity of the philosopher turns out to be almost anti-Christian – with the non-recognition of the Most Holy Trinity, without the desire to become a ‘servant’ of another, etc.; seventh, Hegel’s decency and philistine ‘kindness’ are radically different from his pejorative attitude towards the female sex, other peoples, races, and civilizations. Colonialism is justified. Hence, it was quite natural for the German Nazis to turn to Hegel’s ideas. Eighth, the great dialectic has too much belittled the reality of static things, unambiguity and invariance. The novelty of the research lies in the recognition of the true causes and tasks of the thinker’s life and work; in the explanation of his main values, including his understanding of Christianity; in the clarification of the Hegel-German and Hegel-citizen positions. The conclusions of the study are related to the antithetical comparison of the ideology and philosophy of Hegel and Hesse, Hegel and Shestov. The author highlights anti-existential and racial-nationalist motives of the philosopher’s work.

Green Chemistry and Process Intensification: Milestones on a Sustainable Development

As a philosophical support, green chemistry (GC) becomes at present well-combined into the scientific system to assist scientists and engineers consider how to decrease or remove waste and avert the employment and formation of hazardous substances in the design phase of chemicals. Such design attempts in turn affect the full life-cycle of the chemical, from getting the starting materials until the end-use product is recycled or disposed of. There is a considerable advance noted in such direction during the last three decades, this review focuses on GC research. As a comparatively fresh technique, revision in process intensification (PI) is fast and investigation could rapidly lead to outstanding outcomes. However, numerous features of PI could take more time to be fact. Much of the study stays in academic and industrial laboratories, even if large-scale implementations of micro-reactors are actuality. Fields of PI enterprise that have progressed quickly are the expansion of carbon capture techniques, an increasing interest in GC, and the beginning of momentous study into connecting solar energy to intensified methods like chemical reactions. Electric fields (e.g., microwaves and ultrasound) are observed in larger usages, and the application of electrokinetic forces at the micro- and nanoscale persist to fascinate. Huge investigations are working for the sake of ideas like the perfect reactor. PI remains a motif leading to attain a sustainable society. This work may be an orientation in the investigation of product development and design, production and application, in a constructive and stimulating way.

Fifty Years in the Military Scientific System: Vocation — Pedagogy

Shown are the main stages of the history of the formation of the personality of the military teacher, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor Solodova Evgenia Alexandrovna, her individual characteristics and attitude to people (students, cadets, listeners, adjuncts, doctoral students) in the process of the origin, development and functioning of the unique scientific and pedagogical team of the higher school of the higher education system of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation “the Department of Military Acmeology and Cybernetics of the VA RVSN. Peter the Great”, which celebrated its 45th anniversary in August 2021. The article presents a new direction and prospects for the scientific development of gender (female) pedagogy, which is an integral part of the military pedagogical school of the RVSN, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

FRENCH ENGINEER SABATHE LOUIS GASTON AND HIS ROLE IN CREATION OF DUAL COMBUSTION CYCLE

Almost immediately after Rudolph Diesel created his "rational" engine, attempts were made to improve it. Since at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, the theory of internal combustion engines had not yet been formed as a unified scientific system, there were no unified approaches to assessing the innovations proposed by individual engineers and scientists either. In this regard, disputes and litigations periodically arose related to the recognition of priority for a specific design or the proposed principle of work for a specific author. First of all, this was due to the possibility of obtaining material benefits from the introduction of a patented innovation into production. It should be noted that profit-related litigation and information campaigns were not always objective, and the development of progress at the turn of the century were so rapid that the same ideas entered the heads of several independent inventors at once, but the same discoveries were made in different parts of the world by different scientists. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the accumulated experience, as well as theoretical and experimental studies have shown that it was possible to significantly improve the nature of the flow of the working process of piston engines by replacing the isochoric or isobaric heat supply in the process of fuel combustion with a combined one with heat supply, first at a constant volume (by isochore), and then at constant pressure (isobar). Three scientists - Gustav Trinkler, Myron Zaliger and Louis Gaston Sabathe claimed priority in the development of such a cycle. Each of them came to this decision in different ways, and each made his own contribution both to the formation of the theory of working processes of piston engines, and to the formation of engine building in general. It is to this contribution made by the French engineer Louis Gaston Sabathe that this article is devoted.

Public Transportation Optimization on Godawari to Budanilkantha Route Via Introduction Of Bus Rapid Transit

Kathmandu is Rapidly growing city where the Crisis due to centralization is foreseen in Transportation sector due to lack of proper Planning and Vision prior of establishing settlement. The Current status of Transportation system in Kathmandu is quite alarming in absence of well-organized Public Transportation system. The growth of Vehicles and simultaneously lack of improvements of existing facilities and traffic management have resulted in unorganized improvement of Traffic thereby increasing congestion, accidents and decrease in vehicle speed affecting road capacity. So using managed Scientific system to decrease jam causing parameters with most planned system and replacing the existing Systems by modern facilities, the problem can be reduced. Introduction of Bus rapid transit by gradual replacement of old transportation systems by providing a bus lane can be promising remedial measure to optimize public transportation system in Kathmandu valley