Unifying the sedaDNA scientific community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Capo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Molecular Ecology ◽  
Aquatic Ecology ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Aquatic Biodiversity ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Terrestrial Ecology ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
New Strategies

<p>Since the seminal paper in 1998 (Coolen and Overmann), sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) has become a powerful tool in paleoecology to reconstruct past changes in terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity. Still, sedaDNA is an emerging tool and there is a need for calibrations and validations to ensure the reliability of sedaDNA as a proxy to reconstruct past biota. One way to pursue this goal is by unifying the sedaDNA scientific community. Here, we present a few initiatives taken over the last years to transmit information, augment our knowledge about best practices and method standardisation related to sedaDNA analysis and strengthen collaborations between research groups. Also, we discuss tools and ideas that could be used to increase the visibility of sedaDNA research by the scientific community. Finally, we would like to use this opportunity to discuss with the audience about new strategies to unify experts from different research fields - including paleoecology, paleolimnology, paleoceanography, molecular ecology, aquatic ecology, terrestrial ecology, microbial ecology - around the use of sedaDNA.</p>

scholarly journals Perspectives on Documenting Methods to Create Ocean Best Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora Hörstmann ◽  
Pier Luigi Buttigieg ◽  
Pauline Simpson ◽  
Jay Pearlman ◽  
Anya M. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
Modern Information

This perspective outlines how authors of ocean methods, guides, and standards can harmonize their work across the scientific community. We reflect on how documentation practices can be linked to modern information technologies to improve discoverability, interlinkages, and thus the evolution of distributed methods into common best practices within the ocean community. To show how our perspectives can be turned into action, we link them to guidance on using the IOC-UNESCO Ocean Best Practice System to support increased collaboration and reproducibility during and beyond the UN Decade of Ocean Sciences for Sustainable Development.

Internet of Things and Nature-Inspired Intelligent Techniques for the Future of Biomedical Engineering

2018 ◽  
pp. 263-282
Author(s):  
Gur Emre Guraksin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Future ◽  
Autonomous Machines ◽  
General Network

Along with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), there are many different research fields gaining importance. Because of the growing amount of data and needs for immediate access to information for dealing with the problems, different types of research fields take place within the scientific community. Internet of things (IoT) is one of them, and it enables devices to communicate with each other in order to form a general network of physical, working devices. The objective of this chapter in this manner is to provide a general discussion of using nature-inspired techniques of AI to form the future of biomedical engineering over IoT. Because it is often thought that the medical services of the future will be based on autonomous machines supported with AI and IoT, discussing such a topic by considering biomedical engineering applications will be good for the related literature.

Food label design – exploring the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 766-778
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Latino ◽  
Marta Menegoli ◽  
Angelo Corallo
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Food Labelling ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
New Policies ◽  
First Time

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the main research fields concerning food label designs and build a topic overview. To this end, the literature review method was chosen.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 121 papers was identified and analyzed using bibliometric analysis. Journals, articles, authors of the sample and the term co-occurrence map, which represents the recurring themes and organizes them in clusters, were defined. To recognize the main research fields, starting from analyzing the terms that compose each cluster, the results were discussed in a focus group composed of five experts.FindingsFood labelling theories are distinctly related to eight research fields: consumer behaviour analysis, consumer willingness evaluation, consumer product evaluation, nutrition and health, daily foodstuff and meal effects, food industry and related products, impacts on market and society and child nutrition.Research limitations/implicationsSeveral stakeholders could be interested in the results of this paper. Food companies could identify the best practices in food labelling theories to improve their products and labels. Governments could understand how social policies are acknowledged by consumers and how to create new policies. Researchers could identify new issues to investigate. The results could also facilitate bibliographical referencing for those who approach this topic for the first time.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, studies on food label theories explore the themes from the consumer’s perspective. The authors’ study, in contrast, focused on recognizing the research fields where food label designs are addressed.

Identification of the target of gabapentinoid action in neuropathic pain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turo J. Nurmikko
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Voltage Dependent Calcium Channels

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Identification of the α‎2-δ‎-1 subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels as a molecular target for pain mediating the analgesic actions of pregabalin’, published by Field et al. in 2006. In this seminal paper, Field et al. demonstrated that the anti-allodynic effect of pregabalin is related to its binding to the α‎2δ‎-1 subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel. In transgenic mice lacking this subunit, pregabalin had no effect on allodynia induced by sciatic nerve ligation, whereas, in wild-type mice, there was a substantial anti-allodynic response. This discovery was well received by the scientific community and was considered to conclusively establish the mechanism of action of pregabalin, which has remarkably similar properties to gabapentin but with increased potency and oral absorption. This exciting result acted as an impetus for further studies on the role of the subunit in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain.

#SciComm via the European Geoscience Union Divisions’ blogs: experiences from the editorial teams.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Cigala ◽  
Clara Burgard ◽  
Elenora van Rijsingen ◽  
Iris van Zelst ◽  
Olivia Trani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
General Public ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Accessible Form

<p>In an era where communicating your science goes hand in hand with doing your science, many scientists devote time to develop tools and learn new skills and strategies for Science Communication. The European Geosciences Union (EGU) has put in place one of those tools: the Divisions’ Blog. Most of the current EGU Divisions has an active blog run mainly by one or more volunteer early-career scientists. <br>Regularly, both editors, and regular and guest authors write about research in their field, talk about relevant topics discussed within the scientific community, and highlight interesting facts for scientists and the general public. The goal is to provide a platform for enhancing communication among geoscientists in ways that go beyond the means of peer-reviewed publication or scientific conferences. At the same time, we aim at engaging with the general public, by writing in a technically sound, but more accessible form. Each Division’s blog has its character, like the teams behind it, making the blogs a diversified and exciting digital environment.</p><p>Here we show the main numbers, statistics, and feedback from each Division Blog, thus providing a measure of the efforts put in and the impact made so far by the broad Geoscience community. We discuss best practices, blog styles and topics which do work well or not, based on readership statistics. We also show the channels chosen for advertising the blogs, such as social media, and the impact of the choices made. Finally, we show that even though EGU has its base in Europe, we reach an audience beyond Europe thanks to active members based outside Europe and to topics addressing particular geographical areas.</p><p>We conclude that, within the increasingly essential role played by Science Communication in every research field, the EGU Divisions’ Blogs are successful at sharing research related to their fields with the broad geoscientific and non-scientific community. This success mainly relies on the time, effort, motivation, and creativity of editors and guest authors.</p>

scholarly journals Toward a Global Public Repository of Community Protocols to Encourage Best Practices in Biomolecular Ocean Observing and Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Samuel ◽  
Raissa Meyer ◽  
Pier Luigi Buttigieg ◽  
Neil Davies ◽  
Nicholas W. Jeffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Publicly Supported ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ocean Observing ◽  
Insight Into

Biomolecular ocean observing and research is a rapidly evolving field that uses omics approaches to describe biodiversity at its foundational level, giving insight into the structure and function of marine ecosystems over time and space. It is an especially effective approach for investigating the marine microbiome. To mature marine microbiome research and operations within a global ocean biomolecular observing network (OBON) for the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and beyond, research groups will need a system to effectively share, discover, and compare “omic” practices and protocols. While numerous informatic tools and standards exist, there is currently no global, publicly-supported platform specifically designed for sharing marine omics [or any omics] protocols across the entire value-chain from initiating a study to the publication and use of its results. Toward that goal, we propose the development of the Minimum Information for an Omic Protocol (MIOP), a community-developed guide of curated, standardized metadata tags and categories that will orient protocols in the value-chain for the facilitated, structured, and user-driven discovery of suitable protocol suites on the Ocean Best Practices System. Users can annotate their protocols with these tags, or use them as search criteria to find appropriate protocols. Implementing such a curated repository is an essential step toward establishing best practices. Sharing protocols and encouraging comparisons through this repository will be the first steps toward designing a decision tree to guide users to community endorsed best practices.

scholarly journals Beyond Psychology: Prevalence of p-value and confidence interval misinterpretation across different fields

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokang Lyu ◽  
Yuepei Xu ◽  
Xiaofan Zhao ◽  
Xi-Nian Zuo ◽  
Hu Chuan-Peng
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
P Value ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Two Indices

P-value and confidence intervals (CIs) are the most widely used statistical indices in scientific literature. Several surveys revealed that these two indices are generally misunderstood. However, existing surveys on this subject fall under psychology and biomedical research, and data from other disciplines are rare. Moreover, the confidence of researchers when constructing judgments remains unclear. To fill this research gap, we survey 1,479 researchers and students from different fields in China. Results reveal that for significant (p < .05, CI doesn’t include 0) and non-significant (p > .05, CI includes 0) conditions, most respondents, regardless of academic degrees, research fields, and stages of career, could not interpret p-value and CI accurately. Moreover, the majority of them are confident about their (inaccurate) judgments (see osf.io/mcu9q/ for raw data, materials, and supplementary analyses). Therefore, misinterpretations of p-value and CIs prevail in the whole scientific community, thus the need for statistical training in science.

scholarly journals A critical evaluation of science outreach via social media: its role and impact on scientists

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig McClain ◽  
Liz Neeley
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Science Outreach ◽  
Social Media Engagement ◽  
Value Measure

The role of scientists in social media and its impact on their careers are not fully explored.  While policies and best practices are still fluid, it is concerning that discourse is often based on little to no data, and some arguments directly contradict the available data.  Here, we consider the relevant but subjective questions about social media for science outreach (SOSM), specifically: (1) Does a public relations nightmare exist for science?; (2) Why (or why aren’t) scientists engaging in social media?; (3) Are scientists using social media well?; and (4) Will social media benefit a scientist’s career? We call for the scientific community to create tangible plans that value, measure, and help manage scientists’ social media engagement.

scholarly journals ON STRATEGIES OF IMPLICIT EXPERT EVALUATION IN GERMAN LINGUISTIC REVIEWS

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Полина Игоревна Кондратенко
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Research On Evaluation ◽  
Direct Question ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Strategies

Введение. Представлены способы имплицитной реализации экспертной оценки в текстах научных лингвистических рецензий на немецком языке с позиций социолингвистического и функционально-прагматического подходов к профессиональной научной коммуникации. Цель – выявить типичные стратегии скрытой экспертной оценки на материале 25 рецензий, опубликованных в период с 2016 по 2017 г. в профильных академических журналах: «Zeitschrift für Angewandte Linguistik», «Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft» и «Zeitschrift für Rezensionen». Экспертная оценка трактуется как особая дискурсивно-коммуникативная разновидность, обнаруживающая вариативность по сравнению с универсальной логической структурой «субъект – объект – основание (оценки)». Предлагается дополнить данную схему важным с функционально-коммуникативной точки зрения компонентом – адресатом оценки. Все составляющие логической структуры оценки предстают в экспертно-научном дискурсе в модифицированном виде. Субъектом и адресатом оценки здесь выступают участники научной коммуникации, заинтересованные в результатах рецензирования. Объектом оценки становятся формальные и содержательные характеристики рецензируемых работ, а также косвенно рецензируемые авторы. В основании экспертной оценки лежат критерии научной рациональности, принятые в конкретном научном сообществе. Материал и методы. Качественный (контекстно-семантический, функционально-прагматический) и количественный анализ немецких лингвистических рецензий позволил выявить в них типичные стратегии имплицитной реализации экспертной оценки. Результаты и обсуждение. Итоги анализа подтверждают исходную рабочую гипотезу о возможности имплицитного выражения экспертных оценок как негативной, так и позитивной полярности. Выделяются коммуникативные стратегии оценивания, ранее не нашедшие описания в лингвистике, такие как имплицитное оценивание научных результатов через выражение несогласия с позицией автора посредством рекомендации, адресованной реципиенту рецензии, а также при помощи прямого или косвенного вопроса. Количественные подсчеты дают представление о частотности имплицитных оценок различной полярности в анализируемых текстах. Заключение. В итоге можно сделать вывод о преобладании эксплицитных оценок в текстах рассмотренных рецензий, а также о предпочтении имплицитного способа для реализации отрицательных оценок в контекстах рецензирования научной работы. Introduction. The article focuses on the ways scientists express expert evaluation in German academic linguistic reviews. It contributes to the socio-communicative research on evaluation in academic communicative settings. Aim. The aim of the article is to reveal the most frequent strategies of implicit expert evaluation in German linguistic reviews. Material and methods. The materials of the study are 25 reviews published in 2016–2017 in field-specific academic journals: “Zeitschrift für Angewandte Linguistik”, “Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft” and “Zeitschrift für Rezensionen”. Qualitative (contextual semantic, functional pragmatic) and quantitative analysis of the German linguistic reviews provides a set of strategies used to covertly evaluate the papers reviewed. Results and discussion. We consider the expert evaluation as a specific communicative / discursive sub-type of linguistic evaluation marked by modifications of the general logical structure in terms of “subject – object – predicate of evaluation”. Adding the recipient of evaluation we obtain following structure: the subject and the recipient of expert evaluation are scientific discourse actors, the object is represented by formal and content-related aspects of the books reviewed and the predicate of expert evaluation are criteria of scientificity, norms, values and standards of communication shared by all members of the current scientific community. Our data analysis results support our hypothesis and demonstrate that it is possible to make an implicit evaluation of different polarity following the various implication strategies. Beside of well-known strategies used to express evaluation covertly in academic book reviews the article describes also new strategies, not yet mentioned in similar and related works: implicit evaluation through disagreement with the author’s viewpoint, implicit evaluation through recommendation to the review’s recipient and implicit evaluation through (in)direct question. Quantitative measures illustrate different frequencies of negative and positive implicit evaluation and lead to conclusion the explicit evaluation prevail among all types of evaluation whereas the negative implicit evaluation prevail among all tokens of implicit evaluation in our data.

The observatory, the land-based ship and the crusades: earth sciences in European context, 1830–50

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIEN LOCHER
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Historical Understanding ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
European Context ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Earth

AbstractThe 1830s and 1840s witnessed a European movement to accumulate data about the terrestrial environment, enterprises including the German and British geomagnetic crusades. This movement was not limited to geomagnetic studies but notably included an important meteorological component. By focusing on observation practices in sedentary and expeditionary contexts, this paper shows how the developing fields of geomagnetism and meteorology were then intimately interlinked. It analyses the circulation and cross-connections of the practices and discourses shared by these two research fields. Departing from a Humboldtian historiography, the paper especially stresses the role of Adolphe Quetelet, director of the Brussels Observatory, whose importance in the development of the earth sciences has until now been largely neglected. It reassesses the involvement of the French scientific community in the British and German geomagnetic crusades, moving beyond the well-known account of Arago's opposition to these undertakings. It is hoped thereby to contribute to a better historical understanding of the renewal of the earth sciences in the second quarter of the nineteenth century.

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