scholarly journals Photovoltaic-battery systems as irradiance sensors: first results of a prototype study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Barry ◽  
Anna Herman-Czezuch ◽  
Daniel Fischer ◽  
Stefanie Meilinger ◽  
Rone Yousif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Battery Systems ◽  
Pv Power Generation

<p>In view of the rapid growth of solar power installations worldwide, accurate forecasts of photovoltaic (PV) power generation are becoming increasingly indispensable for the overall stability of the electricity grid. In the context of household energy storage systems, PV power forecasts contribute towards intelligent energy management and control of PV-battery systems, in particular so that self-sufficiency and battery lifetime are maximised. Typical battery control algorithms require day-ahead forecasts of PV power generation, and in most cases a combination of statistical methods and numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are employed. The latter are however often inaccurate, both due to deficiencies in model physics as well as an insufficient description of irradiance variability.</p><p>A promising approach to improving irradiance forecasts is to use the measured PV data themselves. In this work a novel algorithm was employed in order to infer global horizontal irradiance from measured PV data of household energy storage systems, with the goal of better characterising global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and ultimately improving irradiance and power forecasts. The inversion methods developed as part of the BMWi-funded MetPVNet project were applied to five PV-battery systems in different locations across Germany, in a pilot project sponsored by the local government of North Rhine-Westphalia (MWIDE NRW). High resolution measurements of PV power and current were used together with two different PV models in order to extract the plane-of-array irradiance. These data were then used together with both the DISORT and MYSTIC radiative transfer codes (Emde et al., 2016) to infer aerosol optical depth, cloud optical depth and irradiance under all sky conditions. The transposition of tilted to horizontal irradiance was performed with a new lookup table based on 3D radiative transfer simulations in MYSTIC.</p><p>The PV-battery systems were all equipped with irradiance sensors to provide independent measurements of both global tilted irradiance (GTI) and GHI, in order to validate the proposed inversion and transposition methods. Comparisons were also made with the irradiance predictions of the ICON-D2 weather model, the irradiance and cloud optical properties from satellite retrievals and the aerosol optical depth from the relevant AERONET stations. This work can provide the basis for future investigations using a larger number of PV-battery systems to evaluate the improvements to irradiance forecasts by the assimilation of inferred irradiance into a NWP model. In addition, the results could be used to improve the intelligent control of the storage systems in the field.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>Emde, C., and Coauthors, 2016: The libRadtran software package for radiative transfer calculations (version 2.0.1). <em>Geosci. Model Dev.</em>, <strong>9</strong>, 1647–1672, doi:10.5194/gmd-9-1647-2016. https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/1647/2016/.</p>

Application of battery energy storage systems in industrial facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Hamed Sharafizad
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Battery Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Storage Units

For any facility, reliability and availability of power are key. Traditional gas- or diesel-driven power generation designs for facilities rely on generated spinning reserve to achieve power system stability and availability for defined operational scenarios and expected transients. Spinning reserve is extra generating capacity that is usually introduced by running additional power generator(s). Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) as energy storage units provide for a virtual spinning reserve in a hot standby arrangement to achieve the same effect for a set period during operating scenarios and transient events. Use of BESS technology is becoming more frequent within electrical network systems, remote sites and industrial facilities on the back of improved battery technology. This lends itself to better BESS reliability, effectiveness and lower associated cost to procure and install. Many of Clough’s projects are remote and islanded where they need to be self-sufficient, generating and distributing their own power needs. BESS units are scalable energy storage systems that can be used as a part of power generation solutions for facilities installed onshore or offshore. In addition to supplementing the primary generation on a facility as static storage units, BESS units offer benefits such as reduced emissions on facilities by not burning fossil fuels to achieve spinning reserve; they also allow for power management of generation systems, store any excess power from primary generators, allow for integration of renewables, offer constructability benefits and reduced operational/maintenance costs. The commercial and environmental benefits of BESS units are key drivers in Clough’s decision to embrace their use on future projects.

scholarly journals Thermal Management of Stationary Battery Systems: A Literature Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4194
Author(s):  
Martin Henke ◽  
Getu Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Battery Systems

Stationary battery systems are becoming increasingly common worldwide. Energy storage is a key technology in facilitating renewable energy market penetration and battery energy storage systems have seen considerable investment for this purpose. Large battery installations such as energy storage systems and uninterruptible power supplies can generate substantial heat in operation, and while this is well understood, the thermal management systems that currently exist have not kept pace with stationary battery installation development. Stationary batteries operating at elevated temperatures experience a range of deleterious effects and, in some cases, serious safety concerns can arise. Optimal thermal management prioritizes safety and balances costs between the cooling system and battery degradation due to thermal effects. Electric vehicle battery thermal management has undergone significant development in the past decade while stationary battery thermal management has remained mostly stagnant, relying on the use of active and passive air cooling. Despite being the default method for thermal management, there is an absence of justifying research or comparative reviews. This literature review seeks to define the role of stationary battery systems in modern power applications, the effects that heat generation and temperature have on the performance of these systems, thermal management methods, and future areas of study.

scholarly journals Dimensioning Methodology of Energy Storage Systems for Power Smoothing in a Wave Energy Conversion Plant Considering Efficiency Maps and Filtering Control Techniques

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3380
Author(s):  
Jorge Torres ◽  
Marcos Blanco ◽  
Marcos Lafoz ◽  
Gustavo Navarro ◽  
Jorge Nájera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Wave Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Power Oscillations ◽  
Selection Of

This paper aims at presenting and describing a dimensioning methodology for energy storage systems (ESS), in particular for one based on flywheels, applied for the specific application of reducing power oscillation in a wave energy conversion (WEC) plant. The dimensioning methodology takes into account the efficiency maps of the storage technology as well as the effect of the filtering control techniques. The methodology is applied to the case study of a WEC plant in operation in Spain, using real power generation profiles delivered into the electric grid. The paper firstly describes the calculation procedure of the efficiency maps for the particular technology of flywheels, although it could be extended to other storage technologies. Then, the influence of using future data values in the dimensioning process and the control of the ESS operation is analysed in depth. A moving average filter (MAF) is defined to compensate for power oscillations, studying the difference between considering prediction and not doing so. It is concluded that a filtering control using future values based on a number of samples equivalent to a 4-min time order provides an important reduction in the energy storage requirements for a power generation plant. Finally, and based on the selection of storage modules previously defined, the efficiency maps, and the MAF used for delivering the power into the grid, an optimal operation strategy is suggested for the storage modules, based on a stepped switching technique. The selection of four flywheel energy storage system (FESS) modules achieves a reduction of 50% in power oscillations, covering 85% of the frequency excursions at the grid.

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