scholarly journals UDASH – Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Behrendt ◽  
Hiroshi Sumata ◽  
Benjamin Rabe ◽  
Ursula Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Salinity Data ◽  
Archive Data ◽  
Temperature Depth

Abstract. UDASH is a unified and high-quality temperature and salinity data set for the Arctic Ocean and the subpolar seas north of 65° N for the period 1980–2015. The archive aims at including all publicly available data and so far consists of 288 532 oceanographic profiles measured mainly with conductivity/temperature/depth (CTD) probes, bottles, mechanical thermographs and expendable thermographs. The data were collected by ships, ice-tethered profilers, profiling floats and other platforms. To achieve a uniform quality level, suitable for a wide range of oceanographic analyses, approximately 74 million single measurements of temperature and salinity were thoroughly quality-checked. A large number of duplicate and erroneous profiles were detected and not included into the archive. Data outliers, suspicious gradients and other suspect data were flagged for quick identification. The final archive provides a unique and simple way of accessing most of the available temperature and salinity data for the Arctic Mediterranean Sea and can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872931.

scholarly journals UDASH – Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1119-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Behrendt ◽  
Hiroshi Sumata ◽  
Benjamin Rabe ◽  
Ursula Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Salinity Data ◽  
Archive Data ◽  
Temperature Depth

Abstract. UDASH (Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography) is a unified and high-quality temperature and salinity data set for the Arctic Ocean and the subpolar seas north of 65∘ N for the period 1980–2015. The archive aims at including all publicly available data and so far consists of 288 532 oceanographic profiles measured mainly with conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) probes, bottles, mechanical thermographs and expendable thermographs. The data were collected by ships, ice-tethered profilers, profiling floats and other platforms. To achieve a uniform quality level, suitable for a wide range of oceanographic analyses, approximately 74 million single measurements of temperature and salinity were thoroughly quality checked. A large number of duplicate and erroneous profiles were detected and not included in the archive. Data outliers were flagged for quick identification. The final archive provides a unique and simple way of accessing most of the available temperature and salinity data for the Arctic Ocean and can be downloaded from https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.872931.

scholarly journals Echinoderes pterus sp. n. showing a geographically and bathymetrically wide distribution pattern on seamounts and on the deep-sea floor in the Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea (Kinorhyncha, Cyclorhagida)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yamasaki ◽  
Katarzyna Grzelak ◽  
Martin V. Sørensen ◽  
Birger Neuhaus ◽  
Kai Horst George
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Mediterranean

Kinorhynchs rarely show a wide distribution pattern, due to their putatively low dispersal capabilities and/or limited sampling efforts. In this study, a new kinorhynch species is described,Echinoderespterussp. n., which shows a geographically and bathymetrically wide distribution, occurring on the Karasik Seamount and off the Svalbard Islands (Arctic Ocean), on the Sedlo Seamount (northeast Atlantic Ocean), and on the deep-sea floor off Crete and on the Anaximenes Seamount (Mediterranean Sea), at a depth range of 675–4,403 m. The new species is characterized by a combination of middorsal acicular spines on segments 4–8, laterodorsal tubes on segment 10, lateroventral tubes on segment 5, lateroventral acicular spines on segments 6–9, tufts of long hairs rising from slits in a laterodorsal position on segment 9, truncated tergal extensions on segment 11, and the absence of any type-2 gland cell outlet. The specimens belonging to the populations from the Arctic Ocean, the Sedlo Seamount, and the Mediterranean Sea show morphological variation in the thickness and length of the spines as well as in the presence/absence of ventromedial sensory spots on segment 7. The different populations are regarded as belonging to a single species because of their overlapping variable characters.

scholarly journals Arctic freshwater fluxes: sources, tracer budgets and inconsistencies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Forryan ◽  
Sheldon Bacon ◽  
Takamasa Tsubouchi ◽  
Sinhué Torres-Valdés ◽  
Alberto C. Naveira Garabato
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Freshwater Flux ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Freshwater Fluxes ◽  
Pacific Waters ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Geochemical Tracer

Abstract. The traditionally divergent perspectives of the Arctic Ocean freshwater budget provided by control volume-based and geochemical tracer-based approaches are reconciled, and the sources of inter-approach inconsistencies identified, by comparing both methodologies using an observational data set of the circulation and water mass properties at the basin's boundary in summer 2005. The control volume-based and geochemical estimates of the Arctic Ocean (liquid) freshwater fluxes are 147 ± 42 mSv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) and 140 ± 67 mSv, respectively, and are thus in agreement. Examination of meteoric, sea ice and seawater contributions to the freshwater fluxes reveals near equivalence of the net freshwater flux out of the Arctic and the meteoric source to the basin, and a close balance between the transport of solid sea ice and ice-derived meltwater out of the Arctic and the freshwater deficit in the seawater from which the sea ice has been frozen out. Inconsistencies between the two approaches are shown to stem from the distinction between "Atlantic" and "Pacific" waters based on tracers in geochemical tracer-based calculations. The definition of Pacific waters is found to be particularly problematic, because of the non-conservative nature of the inorganic nutrients underpinning that definition, as well as the low salinity characterising waters entering the Arctic through Bering Strait - which makes them difficult to isolate from meteoric sources.

scholarly journals Measuring sea ice concentration in the Arctic Ocean using SMOS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Gabarro ◽  
Antonio Turiel ◽  
Pedro Elosegui ◽  
Joaquim A. Pla-Resina ◽  
Marcos Portabella
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Microwave Imager

Abstract. We present a new method to estimate sea ice concentration in the Arctic Ocean using brightness temperature observations from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) interferometric satellite. The method, which employs a Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE), exploits the marked difference in radiative properties between sea ice and seawater, in particular when observed over the wide range of satellite viewing angles afforded by SMOS. Observations at L-band frequencies such as those from SMOS (i.e., 1.4 GHz, or equivalently 21-cm wavelength) are advantageous to remote sensing of sea ice because the atmosphere is virtually transparent at that frequency. We find that sea ice concentration is well determined (correlations of about 0.75) as compared to estimates from other sensors such as the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I and SSMIS). We also find that the efficacy of the method decreases under thin sea ice conditions (ice thickness

scholarly journals Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tanhua ◽  
R. Steinfeldt ◽  
R. M. Key ◽  
P. Brown ◽  
N. Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Salinity Data

Abstract. Water column data of carbon and carbon-relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical parameters from 188 previously non-publicly available cruise data sets in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas, Atlantic and Southern Ocean have been retrieved and merged into a new database: CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean). The data have gone through rigorous quality control procedures to assure the highest possible quality and consistency. The data for the pertinent parameters in the CARINA database were objectively examined in order to quantify systematic differences in the reported values, i.e. secondary quality control. Systematic biases found in the data have been corrected in the three data products: merged data files with measured, calculated and interpolated data for each of the three CARINA regions, i.e. the Arctic Mediterranean Seas, the Atlantic and the Southern Ocean. These products have been corrected to be internally consistent. Ninety-eight of the cruises in the CARINA database were conducted in the Atlantic Ocean, defined here as the region south of the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland Ridge and north of about 30° S. Here we present an overview of the Atlantic Ocean synthesis of the CARINA data and the adjustments that were applied to the data product. We also report the details of the secondary QC (Quality Control) for salinity for this data set. Procedures of quality control – including crossover analysis between stations and inversion analysis of all crossover data – are briefly described. Adjustments to salinity measurements were applied to the data from 10 cruises in the Atlantic Ocean region. Based on our analysis we estimate the internal consistency of the CARINA-ATL salinity data to be 4.1 ppm. With these adjustments the CARINA data products are consistent both internally as well as with GLODAP data, an oceanographic data set based on the World Hydrographic Program in the 1990s, and is now suitable for accurate assessments of, for example, oceanic carbon inventories and uptake rates and for model validation.

scholarly journals Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tanhua ◽  
R. Steinfeldt ◽  
R. M. Key ◽  
P. Brown ◽  
N. Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Salinity Data ◽  
Control Procedures

Abstract. Water column data of carbon and carbon-relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical parameters from 188 previously non-publicly available cruise data sets in the Arctic, Atlantic and Southern Ocean have been retrieved and merged into a new database: CARINA (CARbon IN the Atlantic). The data have gone through rigorous quality control procedures to assure the highest possible quality and consistency. The data for the pertinent parameters in the CARINA database were objectively examined in order to quantify systematic differences in the reported values, i.e. secondary quality control. Systematic biases found in the data have been corrected in the data products, i.e. three merged data files with measured, calculated and interpolated data for each of the three CARINA regions, i.e. Arctic, Atlantic and Southern Ocean. Ninety-eight of the cruises in the CARINA database were conducted in the Atlantic Ocean, defined here as the region south of the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland Ridge and north of about 30° S. Here we present an overview of the Atlantic Ocean synthesis of the CARINA data and the adjustments that were applied to the data product. We also report details of the secondary QC for salinity for this data set. Procedures of quality control – including crossover analysis between stations and inversion analysis of all crossover data – are briefly described. Adjustments to salinity measurements were applied to the data from 10 cruises in the Atlantic Ocean region. Based on our analysis we estimate the internal accuracy of the CARINA-ATL salinity data to be 4.1 ppm. With these adjustments the CARINA database is consistent both internally as well as with GLODAP data, an oceanographic data set based on the World Hydrographic Program in the 1990s (Key et al., 2004), and is now suitable for accurate assessments of, for example, oceanic carbon inventories and uptake rates and for model validation.

scholarly journals A comprehensive bibliography, updated checklist, and distribution patterns of Rhodophyta from the Barents Sea (the Arctic Ocean)

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Mikhaylova
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Careful Revision ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Bibliographic Study

Abstract A lot of data on the flora of the Barents Sea are scattered in Russian publications and thus are largely inaccessible to many researchers. The study aims to compile a checklist and to verify the species composition of the Rhodophyta of the Barents Sea. The checklist is based on a comprehensive bibliographic study referring to a wide range of data on the species distribution, from the oldest to the most recent, indispensable for analyzing the temporal variability of the Barents Sea flora. A careful revision allows the report of 82 species of Rhodophyta, whereas 36 species have been excluded as belonging to doubtful records or misidentifications. The distribution of seven species in the Barents Sea is clarified. Seventeen species are widespread in the Barents Sea; 11 species are distributed locally. An extensive bibliography and data on the presence of the specimens in the herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences are provided.

Expanding the Cenozoic paleoceanographic record in the Central Arctic Ocean: IODP Expedition 302 Synthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Backman ◽  
Kathryn Moran
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Recovered Material

AbstractThe Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) proved to be one of the most transformational missions in almost 40 year of scientific ocean drilling. ACEX recovered the first Cenozoic sedimentary sequence from the Arctic Ocean and extended earlier piston core records from ≈1.5 Ma back to ≈56 Ma. The results have had a major impact in paleoceanography even though the recovered sediments represents only 29% of Cenozoic time. The missing time intervals were primarily the result of two unexpected hiatuses. This important Cenozoic paleoceanographic record was reconstructed from a total of 339 m sediments. The wide range of analyses conducted on the recovered material, along with studies that integrated regional tectonics and geophysical data, produced surprising results including high Arctic Ocean surface water temperatures and a hydrologically active climate during the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the occurrence of a fresher water Arctic in the Eocene, ice-rafted debris as old as middle Eocene, a middle Eocene environment rife with organic carbon, and ventilation of the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic through the Fram Strait near the early-middle Miocene boundary. Taken together, these results have transformed our view of the Cenozoic Arctic Ocean and its role in the Earth climate system.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical data from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in a periglacial catchment, West Greenland

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Lindborg ◽  
Johan Rydberg ◽  
Mats Tröjbom ◽  
Sten Berglund ◽  
Emma Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lake Catchment

Abstract. Global warming is expected to be most pronounced in the Arctic where permafrost thaw and release of old carbon may provide an important feedback mechanism to the climate system. To better understand and predict climate effects and feedbacks on the cycling of elements within and between ecosystems in northern latitude landscapes, a thorough understanding of the processes related to transport and cycling of elements is required. A fundamental requirement to reach a better process understanding is to have access to high-quality empirical data on chemical concentrations and biotic properties for a wide range of ecosystem domains and functional units (abiotic and biotic pools). The aim of this study is therefore to make one of the most extensive field data sets from a periglacial catchment readily available that can be used both to describe present-day periglacial processes and to improve predictions of the future. Here we present the sampling and analytical methods, field and laboratory equipment and the resulting biogeochemical data from a state-of-the-art whole-ecosystem investigation of the terrestrial and aquatic parts of a lake catchment in the Kangerlussuaq region, West Greenland. This data set allows for the calculation of whole-ecosystem mass balance budgets for a long list of elements, including carbon, nutrients and major and trace metals. The data set is freely available and can be downloaded from PANGAEA: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.860961.

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