scholarly journals VIC-CropSyst: A regional-scale modeling platform to simulate the nexus of climate, hydrology, cropping systems, and human decisions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Malek ◽  
Claudio Stockle ◽  
Kiran Chinnayakanahalli ◽  
Roger Nelson ◽  
Mingliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
River System ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
The U.S

Abstract. Food supply is affected by a complex nexus of land, atmosphere, and human processes, including short- and long-term stressors (e.g., drought and climate change, respectively). A simulation platform that captures these complex elements can be used to inform policy and best management practices to promote sustainable agriculture. We have developed a tightly-coupled framework using the macroscale Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model and the CropSyst agricultural model. A mechanistic irrigation module has been developed for inclusion in this framework. The performance of VIC-CropSyst was evaluated using two flux tower sites located in agricultural fields in the U.S. (Nebraska and Illinois). The agreement between recorded and simulated evapotranspiration (ET), applied irrigation water, soil moisture, leaf area index (LAI), and yield indicated that, although the model is intended to work at regional scales, it also captures field scale processes in agricultural areas. We also evaluated the regional simulations of VIC-CropSyst's ET over the Washington, Idaho and Oregon in the U.S. VIC-CropSyst is being used in conjunction with socio-economic models, river system models and atmospheric models to simulate the feedback processes between regional water availability, agricultural water management decisions and land-atmospheric interactions.

scholarly journals VIC–CropSyst-v2: A regional-scale modeling platform to simulate the nexus of climate, hydrology, cropping systems, and human decisions

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3059-3084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Malek ◽  
Claudio Stöckle ◽  
Kiran Chinnayakanahalli ◽  
Roger Nelson ◽  
Mingliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Growth Management ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Us ◽  
Regional Water

Abstract. Food supply is affected by a complex nexus of land, atmosphere, and human processes, including short- and long-term stressors (e.g., drought and climate change, respectively). A simulation platform that captures these complex elements can be used to inform policy and best management practices to promote sustainable agriculture. We have developed a tightly coupled framework using the macroscale variable infiltration capacity (VIC) hydrologic model and the CropSyst agricultural model. A mechanistic irrigation module was also developed for inclusion in this framework. Because VIC–CropSyst combines two widely used and mechanistic models (for crop phenology, growth, management, and macroscale hydrology), it can provide realistic and hydrologically consistent simulations of water availability, crop water requirements for irrigation, and agricultural productivity for both irrigated and dryland systems. This allows VIC–CropSyst to provide managers and decision makers with reliable information on regional water stresses and their impacts on food production. Additionally, VIC–CropSyst is being used in conjunction with socioeconomic models, river system models, and atmospheric models to simulate feedback processes between regional water availability, agricultural water management decisions, and land–atmosphere interactions. The performance of VIC–CropSyst was evaluated on both regional (over the US Pacific Northwest) and point scales. Point-scale evaluation involved using two flux tower sites located in agricultural fields in the US (Nebraska and Illinois). The agreement between recorded and simulated evapotranspiration (ET), applied irrigation water, soil moisture, leaf area index (LAI), and yield indicated that, although the model is intended to work on regional scales, it also captures field-scale processes in agricultural areas.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Glyphosate Resistance in Western Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Beckie ◽  
K. Neil Harker ◽  
Linda M. Hall ◽  
Frederick A. Holm ◽  
Robert H. Gulden
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Risk Rating

With increasing incidence of glyphosate-resistant weeds worldwide, greater farmer awareness of the importance of glyphosate stewardship and proactive glyphosate-resistance management is needed. A Web-based decision-support tool (http://www.weedtool.com) comprising 10 questions has been developed primarily for farmers in western Canada to assess the relative risk of selection for glyphosate-resistant weeds on a field-by-field basis. We describe the rationale for the questions and how a response to a particular question influences the risk rating. Practices with the greatest risk weighting in western Canadian cropping systems are lack of crop-rotation diversity (growing mainly oilseeds) and a high frequency of glyphosate-resistant crops in the rotation. Three case scenarios are outlined—low, moderate, and high risk of glyphosate-resistance evolution. Based on the overall risk rating, three best-management practices are recommended to reduce the risk of glyphosate resistance in weeds.

scholarly journals Innovative Pulses for European Temperate Regions: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Ayerdi Gotor ◽  
Elisa Marraccini
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics

In the Global North, there is an increasing interest in pulses both for their beneficial effects in cropping systems and for human health. However, despite these advantages, the acreage dedi-cated to pulses has been declining and their diversity reduced, particularly in European temperate regions, due to several social and economic factors. This decline has stimulated a political debate in the EU on the development of plant proteins. By contrast, in the Global South, a large panel of minor pulses is still cropped in regional patterns of production and consumption. The aim of this paper is to investigate the for cultivation of potential minor pulses in European temperate regions as a complement to common pulses. Our assumption is that some of these crops could adapt to different pedo-climatic conditions, given their physiological adaptation capacity, and that these pulses might be of interest for the development of innovative local food chains in an EU policy context targeting protein autonomy. The research is based on a systematic review of 269 papers retrieved in the Scopus database (1974–2019), which allowed us to identify 41 pulses as candidate species with a protein content higher than 20% that are already consumed as food. For each spe-cies, the main agronomic (e.g. temperature or water requirements) and nutritional characteristics (e.g. proteins or antinutritional contents) were identified in their growing regions. Following their agronomic characteristics, the candidate crops were confronted with variability in the annual growing conditions for spring crops in European temperate areas to determine the earliest poten-tial sowing and latest harvest dates. Subsequently, the potential sum of temperatures was calcu-lated with the Agri4cast database to establish the potential climatic suitability. For the first time, 21 minor pulses were selected to be grown in these temperate areas and appear worthy of inves-tigation in terms of yield potential, nutritional characteristics or best management practices.

Effectiveness of Best Management Practices with Changing Climate in a Maryland Watershed

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaison Renkenberger ◽  
Hubert Montas ◽  
Paul T. Leisnham ◽  
Victoria Chanse ◽  
Adel Shirmohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
The U.S

Abstract. The potential impacts of climate change on BMP effectiveness were investigated using SWAT simulations for an agricultural watershed that drains into the Chesapeake Bay in the U.S. Northeast climate region. Critical source areas (CSAs) for sediments, nitrogen, and phosphorus, identified for current and future climate (SRES scenarios A1B and A2), were classified by density to support BMP prioritization schemes. BMPs were designed for these CSAs and tested against current and future climate using SWAT simulations to evaluate their robustness. A second set of BMPs was designed by optimization for all agricultural and urban lands in the study watershed and was similarly tested for robustness. In both cases, the design goal was for the watershed’s water quality response to meet the bay TMDLs once BMPs were implemented. Results indicated that density 2 and 3 CSAs (hotspots exporting excess amounts of 2 or 3 constituents) may be good prioritization targets, but reaching the bay TMDLs would still require targeting all CSAs. BMPs designed for CSAs under current climate were effective to reach bay TMDLs under current climate but not under scenarios A1B and A2. BMPs designed for CSAs under scenario A2 were effective to reach the bay TMDLs under all climates, except for nitrogen under A2. Similarly, BMPs optimized for agricultural and urban lands, when designed for current climate, were effective in meeting TMDLs for current climate only. Optimizing these BMPs for future climate produced a design that met TMDLs under both current and future climates, except for nitrogen with future climate. However, in this case, the nitrogen TMDL was exceeded by a smaller amount than in the CSA design. It was concluded that, in the U.S. Northeast, BMPs designed to remediate water quality problems under current climate will be insufficient to maintain water quality with climate change. Increased annual rainfall and storm intensity will increase the proportion of watershed area needing BMPs, and current hotspots will generate excess amounts of new constituents that will require re-design of existing BMPs. Community-based participatory strategies will likely be required to foster BMP adoption and sustain water quality gains in the Chesapeake Bay region. Keywords: BMPs, Best management practices, Climate change, NPS pollution, SWAT model, Water quality, Watershed hydrology.

scholarly journals Influence of MODIS-Derived Dynamic Vegetation on VIC-Simulated Soil Moisture in Oklahoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1910-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trent W. Ford ◽  
Steven M. Quiring
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
The North ◽  
Oklahoma Mesonet

Abstract Soil moisture–vegetation interactions are an important component of land–atmosphere coupling, especially in semiarid regions such as the North American Great Plains. However, many land surface models parameterize vegetation using an interannually invariant leaf area index (LAI). This study quantifies how utilizing a dynamic vegetation parameter in the variability infiltration capacity (VIC) hydrologic model influences model-simulated soil moisture. Accuracy is assessed using in situ soil moisture observations from 20 stations from the Oklahoma Mesonet. Results show that VIC simulations generated with an interannually variant LAI parameter are not consistently more accurate than those generated with the invariant (static) LAI parameter. However, the static LAI parameter tends to overestimate LAI during anomalously dry periods. This has the greatest influence on the accuracy of the soil moisture simulations in the deeper soil layers. Soil moisture drought, as simulated with the static LAI parameter, tends to be more severe and persist for considerably longer than drought simulated using the interannually variant LAI parameter. Dynamic vegetation parameters can represent interannual variations in vegetation health and growing season length. Therefore, simulations with a dynamic LAI parameter better capture the intensity and duration of drought conditions and are recommended for use in drought monitoring.

scholarly journals Efficiency and Equity Aspects of Nonpoint Source Pollution Controls

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan R. Spurlock ◽  
Ivery D. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Federal Water Pollution Control

Achieving water quality goals will necessitate adoption of best management practices (BMP's) by some or all farmers. Water quality is expected to improve as farmers adopt BMP's such as conservation cropping systems, structural measures, and conservation tillage methods. Currently, there is an absence of pollution abatement incentives strong enough to induce farmers to abate sediment, nutrients, and pesticides to desirable social levels. Although a specific socially optimal level of pollutants may be difficult (or impossible) to quantify, the U.S. Congress, by passing the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (P. L. 92-500), has demonstrated the need for improvements in water quality.

scholarly journals Effect of year-to-year variability of leaf area index on variable infiltration capacity model performance and simulation of streamflow during drought

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 10515-10552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. K. Tesemma ◽  
Y. Wei ◽  
M. C. Peel ◽  
A. W. Western
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Variable Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Vic Model ◽  
Monthly Streamflow

Abstract. This study assessed the effect of using observed monthly leaf area index (LAI) on hydrologic model performance and the simulation of streamflow during drought using the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) hydrological model in the Goulburn–Broken catchment of Australia, which has heterogeneous vegetation, soil and climate zones. VIC was calibrated with both observed monthly LAI and long-term mean monthly LAI, which were derived from the Global Land Surface Satellite (GLASS) observed monthly LAI dataset covering the period from 1982 to 2012. The model performance under wet and dry climates for the two different LAI inputs was assessed using three criteria, the classical Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, the logarithm transformed flow Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and the percentage bias. Finally, the percentage deviation of the simulated monthly streamflow using the observed monthly LAI from simulated streamflow using long-term mean monthly LAI was computed. The VIC model predicted monthly streamflow in the selected sub-catchments with model efficiencies ranging from 61.5 to 95.9% during calibration (1982–1997) and 59 to 92.4% during validation (1998–2012). Our results suggest systematic improvements from 4 to 25% in the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency in pasture dominated catchments when the VIC model was calibrated with the observed monthly LAI instead of the long-term mean monthly LAI. There was limited systematic improvement in tree dominated catchments. The results also suggest that the model overestimation or underestimation of streamflow during wet and dry periods can be reduced to some extent by including the year-to-year variability of LAI in the model, thus reflecting the responses of vegetation to fluctuations in climate and other factors. Hence, the year-to-year variability in LAI should not be neglected; rather it should be included in model calibration as well as simulation of monthly water balance.

scholarly journals Best Management Practices and Nutrient Reduction: An Integrated Economic-Hydrologic Model of the Western Lake Erie Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-530
Author(s):  
Hongxing Liu ◽  
Wendong Zhang ◽  
Elena Irwin ◽  
Jeffrey Kast ◽  
Noel Aloysius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Western Lake Erie

Using a regional version of the AquaCrop model to simulate crop biomass and soil moisture: an evaluation with remote sensing data products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon de Roos ◽  
Gabrielle De Lannoy ◽  
Dirk Raes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Crop Biomass

<p>A shift to more sustainable land cultivation practices is necessary to meet the future crop demand, which faces a vastly growing population and changing climatic conditions. To assess which management practices can be effectively applied at a regional scale, good spatial monitoring techniques are required. With a regional version of the AquaCrop model v6.1, we simulate crop biomass production and soil moisture at a 1-km resolution over Europe. Biomass productivity is compared against the Dry Matter Productivity of the Copernicus Global Land Service, derived from optical satellite sensors, while surface moisture content is evaluated with Sentinel-1 and SMAP microwave satellite retrieval products and inter-compared with in situ data. We show that the AquaCrop model can successfully be applied at a relatively fine resolution over a large scale, using global input data.</p><p>This research is part of a H2020 project, named SHui. SHui is a collaborative effort between Universities from Europe and China, with the overall aim of managing water scarcity in cropping systems for individuals as well as stakeholder organizations.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document