scholarly journals Estimation of streamflow by slope Regional Dependency Function

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1003-1020
Author(s):  
A. Altunkaynak
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Weighting Coefficient ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Data Completion ◽  
Influence Radius ◽  
Dependency Function ◽  
Regional Variable

Abstract. Kriging is one of the most developed methodologies in the regional variable modeling. However, one of its drawbacks is that the influence radius can not be determined by this method. In which distance and in what ratio that pivot station is influenced from adjacent sites is rather often encountered problem in practical applications. Regional weighting functions obtained from available data consist of several broken lines. Each line has different slopes which represent the similarity and the contribution of adjacent stations as a weighting coefficient. The approach in this study is called as Slope Regional Dependency Function (SRDF). The main idea of this approach is to express the variability in value differences [γ(d)] and distances together. Originally proposed SRDF and Trigonometric Point Cumulative Semi-Variogram (TPCSV) methods are used to predict streamflow. Also TPCSV and Point Cumulative Semi-Variogram (PCSV) approaches are compared with each other. Prediction performance of all three methods stays below 10% relative error which is acceptable for the engineering applications. It is shown that SRDF outperforms PCSV and TPCSV with very high differences. It can be used for missing data completion, determination of measurement sites location, calculation of influence radius, and determination of regional variable potential. The proposed method is applied for the 38 stream flow measurement sites located in the Mississippi River basin.

scholarly journals Estimation of streamflow by slope regional dependency function

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Altunkaynak
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Weighting Coefficient ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Data Completion ◽  
Influence Radius ◽  
Dependency Function ◽  
Regional Variable

Abstract. Kriging is one of the most developed methodologies in the regional variable modeling. However, one of its drawbacks is that the influence radius can not be determined by this method. In which distance and in what ratio that pivot station is influenced from adjacent sites is rather often encountered problem in practical applications. Regional weighting functions obtained from available data consist of several broken lines. Each line has different slopes which represent the similarity and the contribution of adjacent stations as a weighting coefficient. The approach in this study is called as Slope Regional Dependency Function (SRDF). The main idea of this approach is to express the variability in value differences γ and distances together. Originally proposed SRDF and Trigonometric Point Cumulative Semi-Variogram (TPCSV) methods are used to predict streamflow. TPCSV and Point Cumulative Semi-Variogram (PCSV) approaches are also compared with each other. Prediction performance of all the three methods revealed a relative error less than 10% which is acceptable for most engineering applications. It is shown that SRDF outperforms PCSV and TPCSV with very high differences. It can be used for missing data completion, determination of measurement sites location, calculation of influence radius, and determination of regional variable potential. The proposed method is applied for the 38 stream flow measurement sites located in the Mississippi River basin.

Determination of Perfluorinated Compounds in the Upper Mississippi River Basin

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 4103-4109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji F. Nakayama ◽  
Mark J. Strynar ◽  
Jessica L. Reiner ◽  
Amy D. Delinsky ◽  
Andrew B. Lindstrom
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Perfluorinated Compounds ◽  
Mississippi River Basin ◽  
Upper Mississippi River ◽  
Upper Mississippi River Basin

scholarly journals The physical basis of the fission wave reactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Pavlovych ◽  
Volodymyr Khotyayintsev ◽  
Olena Khotyayintseva
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Stationary Wave ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Stationary Processes ◽  
Wave Parameters ◽  
Nuclear Burning ◽  
Fission Wave

The main idea of slow nuclear fission wave reactor is discussed and short review of the existing works is also presented. The aim of this paper is to clarify the physics of processes, which define the stationary wave of nuclear burning, and to develop the approaches determining the wave parameters. It is shown that the diffusion equation for fluence can be used to describe the stationary and non-stationary processes in the nuclear fission wave. Two conditions of stationary wave existence are first formulated in the paper. The rule of determination of wave velocity as the eigenvalue of boundary problem is also formulated.

scholarly journals Development of the electronic physics textbook for students of secondary school

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
A.S. Prutko ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kudussov ◽  
E.K. Mussenova ◽  
Zh.T. Kambarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
School Students ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Electronic Textbook ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Testing Module

The work the results of using the developed electronic textbook on physics for organizing the independent work of secondary school students is analyzed. The possibilities of an electronic textbook are shown, the advantages of using the textbook in the learning process are noted. For the development of the electronic textbook, the C# programming language was used in the Microsoft Visual Studio software environment. The main idea of developing an electronic textbook is the relationship between theoretical teaching and practical skills. The electronic textbook provides two modes of operation: training mode and control mode, thus the electronic textbook contains a block of theoretical material and a module for interactive testing of students' knowledge. The theoretical material of the textbook has been developed in accordance with the standard curriculum for the subject “Physics”. The interactive testing module includes standard physical problems of different degrees of complexity, as well as practice-oriented problems on physics. A set of practice-oriented problems has been developed, the use of which in the process of teaching physics will allow to ensure the formation of students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills, to prepare students for practical activities.The main advantage of an electronic textbook is interactivity. The novelty of the development of an electronic textbook is implementation in accordance with a new approach aimed at shaping students' knowledge about the practical applications of physics and developing their practical skills.

The 3D graph approach for breakdown voltage calculation in BaTiO3 ceramics

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150103
Author(s):  
Vojislav V. Mitic ◽  
Branislav Randjelovic ◽  
Ivana Ilic ◽  
Srdjan Ribar ◽  
An-Lu Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Electronic Parameters ◽  
Mathematical Graph

After pioneering attempts for the introduction of graph theory in the field of ceramics and microstructures, where 1D and 2D graphs were used, in this paper we applied 3D graphs for the breakdown voltage calculation in BaTiO3 sample with some predefined constraints. We have described the relations between grains in the sample and established a mathematical approach for the calculation of breakdown voltage using experimental results. As a result, we introduced mapping between the property of sample and grain structure, then between the grain structure and mathematical graph, using various crystal structures. The main idea was to apply 3D graph theory for the distribution of electronic parameters between the neighboring grains. With this study, we successfully confirmed the possibilities for applications of graphs as a tool for the determination of properties even at the intergranular level.

Determination of a Suitable Moment for Formwork Removal from a Concrete Structure Using Rebound Hammer Test Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Petr Misák ◽  
Dalibor Kocáb ◽  
Petr Cikrle
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Rebound Hammer ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Non Destructive

Determining the compressive strength of concrete in the early stages of ageing has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years, particularly with regard to the safe removal of formwork from a structure or its part. The compressive strength of concrete which designates safe removal of formwork without damaging the structure can be referred to as "stripping strength". It is undoubtedly beneficial to be able to determine the moment of safe formwork removal in a non-destructive manner, i.e. without compromising the structure. Modern rebound hammer test methods seem to be a suitable instrument with which it is possible to reduce the length of technological breaks associated with concrete ageing to a minimum, and consequently, reduce the total cost of the construction. However, the use of these methods presents a number of challenges. As many conducted experiments have shown, there is no single conversion relationship (regression model) between non-destructive rebound hammer test methods and compressive strength. It is therefore advisable to always create a unique conversion relationship for each individual concrete. In addition, it must be noted that conventional regression analysis methods operate with 50% reliability. In construction testing, however, the most common is the so-called characteristic value, which is defined as a 5% quantile. This value is therefore determined with 95% reliability. This paper describes the construction of a so-called "characteristic curve", which can be used to estimate the compressive strength of concrete in a structure using rebound hammer test methods with 95% reliability. Consequently, the values obtained from the characteristic curve can be easily used for practical applications.

The Growing of Plants by Children—The School-Garden

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
School Gardens ◽  
School Garden ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
New Varieties

The main idea in this chapter is that the "love of plants should be inculcated in the school." While there "are many practical applications" for children to gain knowledge of "plants and horticulture," Bailey indicates that the knowledge is more than "information of plants themselves." Rather, such knowledge "takes one into the open air… It increases his hold on life." The chapter concludes with types of school gardens: ornamenting the grounds, establishing a collection, making a garden for instruction, and providing a test ground for new varieties.

Varieties of Human Serum Lipoprotein Pattern: Evaluation by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Papadopoulos ◽  
J A Kintzios
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Electrophoretic Technique ◽  
Lipoprotein Pattern

Abstract A previously reported agarose gel electrophoretic technique for the determination of serum lipoprotein patterns has been modified for analysis of a large number of samples for screening and epidemiological purposes. In addition, we demonstrate the varieties of lipoprotein patterns that can clearly be distinguished and visually evaluated for practical applications in the clinical laboratory.

Calculation of Non-Homogeneous Anisotropic Rectangular Plates with Arbitrary Fixation on the Contur

2019 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 444-449
Author(s):  
Nikolay Zavrak
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Isotropic Case ◽  
Rectangular Plates ◽  
Orthotropic Plates ◽  
Anisotropic Plates ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Difficult Cases ◽  
Anisotropic Rectangular Plates

The developing of the effective methodic of elastic orthotropic plates’ calculation and the research on the base of their state under different boundary conditions are of great importance nowadays. The representation of the received results in the form, convenient for practical use, is also important. For practical applications in engineering are important tables for determining deflections and internal forces of structures. Such tables for the isotropic case under various conditions of plate support on the contour are given in many works. As for the anisotropic plates, there are no such tables, with the exception of one Huber table compiled for a freely supported rectangular orthotropic plate, depending on the relationship between the stiffness values. Here is a method of calculating the non-homogeneous anisotropic rectangular plates with arbitrary fixation on the contour is set forth, which is reduced to a boundary value problem. The main idea of a calculated general methodic of linear marginal differential tasks calculation is based on underlying of the main part of a solution. Such approach is proved by means of development and some generalization of common positions of a variational method of marginal tasks of mathematical physics of self-conjugated tasks solution. To solve a system of equations in terms of displacements using finite difference method (FDM) in combination with different variations of analytical solutions. It is advisable to construct a numerical solution of the problem so that in difficult cases the support fixing and uploading solution sought, not directly, but in the form of amendments to the known solution for simple cases of reference to consolidate and uploading at finding the solutions which the analytical methods or the FDM with sparse mesh may be used. Given as examples are the results of calculation for a series of square orthotropic plates with a fixed boundary under the action of uniformly distributed load.

Determination of Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene in Spinach, Eggs, Fish, and Milk by Electron Capture Gas-Liquid Chromatography

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-558
Author(s):  
Martin P Yurawecz ◽  
Peter A Dreifuss ◽  
Laverne R Kamps
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lower Mississippi River ◽  
Food Commodities

Abstract Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), a waste product formed in the manufacture of perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene, has been found in fish from the lower Mississippi River basin. The AOAC official method for organochlorine pesticide residues in fatty and nonfatty foods has been modified for the determination of HCBD residues in selected food commodities. Acetonitrile extracts of nonfatty foods, or the combined acetonitrile extracts obtained in acetonitrile-petroleum ether partitioning of fat isolated from fatty foods, are diluted with water and extracted with petroleum ether. The petroleum ether extracts are chromatographed on Florisil and HCBD is eluted with petroleum ether. The eluate is analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography with an electron capture detector. Average recoveries of HCBD from fortified samples of fatty and nonfatty foods were greater than 90% in the interlaboratory trials of the method.

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