scholarly journals DIGITAL SURVEY AND ALGORITHMIC MODELING IN HBIM. TOWARDS A LIBRARY OF COMPLEX CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W12 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bagnolo ◽  
R. Argiolas ◽  
A. Cuccu
Keyword(s):  
Modeling Processes ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Results ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
Continuous Progress ◽  
Complex Construction ◽  
Architectural Orders

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the study of built heritage, the introduction of BIM models provides the advantage of a set of data that can be shared between different platforms. Despite the continuous progress in research, the modeling processes of complex construction elements, typical of historical architectures, always require a certain attention and care that involve considerable investments in terms of both resources and time. In this paper we present the first results of an ongoing research aimed at considering possible methods that can allow a simplification of the modeling processes of elements of historical architectures in the BIM environment. In particular, the research aims to explore the possibilities offered by the algorithmic modeling of complex construction elements. In the study of historical architecture, an enough recurring theme concerns those elements that can be traced back to the principles of architectural orders. In the survey of historical architecture, a quite recurring case study concerns those elements or parts of building ruled by the principles of architectural orders. One of the first elements taken into consideration was that of the column that, in its articulation in base, shaft and capital, offers three different levels of complexity of the modeling process very suitable for the research path. Starting with a collection of data acquired from digital photogrammetric modeling, we considered a initial set of different case studies that allowed us to conduct a first working hypothesis by embracing a quite wide range of possible variations starting from a basic column.</p>

scholarly journals HBIM FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES: FROM SFM BASED SURVEY TO ALGORITHMIC MODELING

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bagnolo ◽  
R. Argiolas ◽  
A. Cuccu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
First Results ◽  
Different Characteristics

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The implementation of new technologies often leads research towards experimentation with new methodological approaches. The BIM process applied in cultural heritage is increasingly consolidating its practices, expanding its potential even in the field of archaeological research. Integrating archaeological data into BIM models has clear benefits but, due to the complexity of the involved elements, archaeological case studies can fit effectively into the BIM process only with the creation of semantic-aware libraries implementing dedicated objects. Cultural heritage can advantage of BIM-based knowledge management only integrating approaches and tools with different characteristics from those commonly used in BIM workflows. In the phase of the geometric modeling process, following that of the survey process and preparatory to the subsequent information modeling process, when the detected geometries are not easily traceable to libraries of pre-compiled objects, an alternative to the so-called "Scan to BIM" local modeling can be represented by algorithmic modeling. The paper, focusing on the geometric modelling phase of the HBIM process, presents first results and prospective tasks of an ongoing research project on the last architectural phase of the colonnade of a multilayered temple in the Antas valley in Sardinia (Italy), affected by imposing works of anastylosis and restoration.</p>

scholarly journals A study of economic inequality in the light of fiscal sources: the case of Catalonia (14th-18th centuries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-167
Author(s):  
Jordi Morelló Baget ◽  
Pere Orti Gost ◽  
Albert Reixach Sala ◽  
Pere Verdés Pijuan
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Rich

This essay aims to present the first results of an ongoing research project devoted to study the evolution of the economic inequality in Catalonia based on different documentary sources and parameters. Here we focus on the strengths and limits of the rich fiscal sources preserved between the 14th and 18th century allowing us an analysis of inequality. This study is limited to the period before 1716 because we do not consider totally reliable connecting data from taxes before this moment, essentially focused on immovable wealth, with those from the Cadastre, which was levied on a wide range of incomes.

scholarly journals FROM LIDAR DATA TOWARDS HBIM FOR STRUCTURAL EVALUATION

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Argiolas ◽  
A. Cazzani ◽  
E. Reccia ◽  
V. Bagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Geometric Modelling ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Structural Evaluation ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
First Results ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
Masonry Vaults

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In HBIM processes, the extraction of geometric components from 3D point clouds data can sometimes be a complex process. The so-called <q>Scan to BIM</q> process has been widely utilized: deriving 3D models from point clouds often a local modelling of geometric components is necessary. This leads in most cases to use external modelling tools or complex local modelling processes. In both cases, we often get a model that cannot be reused for other items belonging to the same category, contravening the BIM philosophy. Vaulted systems are a typical example of complex elements that we can find in historical architecture. The paper presents the first results of an ongoing research on geometric modelling and structural evaluation of masonry ribbed vaults. An algorithm is developed to generate a NURBS surface of masonry vaults that, starting from the data extrapolated from the point cloud, allows to obtain an HBIM family. The research aims to overcome the inability to reference to standardised objects in local modelling of historical architecture elements. Directed to a standardization in the geometric modelling process of 3D laser scan data, the developed workflow is a possible alternative to commonly used workflows. Particular attention is focused on a case study of stellar vaults, a special class of masonry ribbed vaults whose three-dimensional geometry features a star-shaped projection on the horizontal plane. The work is carried out to verify that this family can be used for the structural analysis of stellar masonry vaults.</p>

A Product Configurator for Cloud Manufacturing

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur L. K. Yip ◽  
Jonathan R. Corney ◽  
Ananda P. Jagadeesan ◽  
Yi Qin
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cloud Manufacturing ◽  
Product Configuration ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Product Customization ◽  
Configuration Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Platform

Product configurators have become an important enabler for enterprises to achieve product customization in order to address individual customers’ requirements. Despite adoption across a wide range of application domains from automotive to consumer goods, even state-of-the-art product configuration systems are limited in their ability to quickly respond to changes in the production systems that deliver the goods specified. Enabled by the emerging paradigm of cloud manufacturing, the authors propose a “configurable configurator” that is automatically updated to reflect changes in the supply chain. The paper reports the ongoing research and development towards a dynamically generated system that supports product configuration, visualization and assessment from the cloud manufacturing concept of Manufacturing-as-a-Service (MaaS). In addition to outlining the architecture of such a system, an overview of its modules and integration to the cloud manufacturing platform is described. Lastly, the case study of a customizable façade module is presented with two different scenarios to demonstrate the prototype implementation and validate the proposed approach.

Site specific agricultural soil management with the use of new technologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Variation ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Areas

<p>The Soil Science Institute of Thessaloniki produces new digitized Soil Maps that provide a useful electronic database for the spatial representation of the soil variation within a region, based on in situ soil sampling, laboratory analyses, GIS techniques and plant nutrition mathematical models, coupled with the local land cadastre. The novelty of these studies is that local agronomists have immediate access to a wide range of soil information by clicking on a field parcel shown in this digital interface and, therefore, can suggest an appropriate treatment (e.g. liming, manure incorporation, desalination, application of proper type and quantity of fertilizer) depending on the field conditions and cultivated crops. A specific case study is presented in the current work with regards to the construction of the digitized Soil Map of the regional unit of Kastoria. The potential of this map can easily be realized by the fact that the mapping of the physicochemical properties of the soils in this region provided delineation zones for differential fertilization management. An experiment was also conducted using remote sensing techniques for the enhancement of the fertilization advisory software database, which is a component of the digitized map, and the optimization of nitrogen management in agricultural areas.</p>

Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Volume 55

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metaphysical Principle

Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy provides, twice each year, a collection of the best current work in the field of ancient philosophy. Each volume features original essays that contribute to an understanding of a wide range of themes and problems in all periods of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, from the beginnings to the threshold of the Middle Ages. From its first volume in 1983, OSAP has been a highly influential venue for work in the field, and has often featured essays of substantial length as well as critical essays on books of distinctive importance. Volume LV contains: a methodological examination on how the evidence for Presocratic thought is shaped through its reception by later thinkers, using discussions of a world soul as a case study; an article on Plato’s conception of flux and the way in which sensible particulars maintain a kind of continuity while undergoing constant change; a discussion of J. L. Austin’s unpublished lecture notes on Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics and his treatment of loss of control (akrasia); an article on the Stoics’ theory of time and in particular Chrysippus’ conception of the present and of events; and two articles on Plotinus, one that identifies a distinct argument to show that there is a single, ultimate metaphysical principle; and a review essay discussing E. K. Emilsson’s recent book, Plotinus.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relation between Mud Components and Rheology for Loss Circulation Prevention Using Polymeric Gels: A Machine Learning Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Musaab I. Magzoub ◽  
Raj Kiran ◽  
Saeed Salehi ◽  
Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein ◽  
Mustafa S. Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Drilling Operations

The traditional way to mitigate loss circulation in drilling operations is to use preventative and curative materials. However, it is difficult to quantify the amount of materials from every possible combination to produce customized rheological properties. In this study, machine learning (ML) is used to develop a framework to identify material composition for loss circulation applications based on the desired rheological characteristics. The relation between the rheological properties and the mud components for polyacrylamide/polyethyleneimine (PAM/PEI)-based mud is assessed experimentally. Four different ML algorithms were implemented to model the rheological data for various mud components at different concentrations and testing conditions. These four algorithms include (a) k-Nearest Neighbor, (b) Random Forest, (c) Gradient Boosting, and (d) AdaBoosting. The Gradient Boosting model showed the highest accuracy (91 and 74% for plastic and apparent viscosity, respectively), which can be further used for hydraulic calculations. Overall, the experimental study presented in this paper, together with the proposed ML-based framework, adds valuable information to the design of PAM/PEI-based mud. The ML models allowed a wide range of rheology assessments for various drilling fluid formulations with a mean accuracy of up to 91%. The case study has shown that with the appropriate combination of materials, reasonable rheological properties could be achieved to prevent loss circulation by managing the equivalent circulating density (ECD).

scholarly journals Hispanic Perspectives on Parkinson’s Disease Care and Research Participation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lisa Damron ◽  
Irene Litvan ◽  
Ece Bayram ◽  
Sarah Berk ◽  
Bernadette Siddiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Research Recruitment ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Research Engagement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tertiary Center

Background: Hispanics are under-represented in Parkinson’s disease (PD) research despite the importance of diversity for results to apply to a wide range of patients. Objective: To investigate the perspective of Hispanic persons with Parkinson disease (PWP) regarding awareness, interest, and barriers to participation in research. Methods: We developed and administered a survey and qualitative interview in English and Spanish. For the survey, 62 Hispanic and 38 non-Hispanic PWP linked to a tertiary center were recruited in Arizona. For interviews, 20 Hispanic PWP, 20 caregivers, and six physicians providing service to Hispanic PWP in the community were recruited in California. Survey responses of Hispanic and non-Hispanic PWP were compared. Major survey themes were identified by applying grounded theory and open coding. Results: The survey found roughly half (Q1 54%, Q2 55%) of Hispanic PWP linked to a tertiary center knew about research; there was unawareness among community Hispanic PWP. Most preferred having physician recommendations for research participation and were willing to participate. Hispanics preferred teams who speak their native language and include family. Research engagement, PD knowledge, role of family, living with PD, PD care, pre-diagnosis/diagnosis emerged as themes from the interview. Conclusion: Barriers exist for participation of Hispanic PWP in research, primarily lack of awareness of PD research opportunities. Educating physicians of the need to encourage research participation of Hispanic PWP can address this. Physicians need to be aware of ongoing research and should not assume PWP disinterest. Including family members and providing research opportunities in their native language can increase research recruitment.

scholarly journals Construction of All-Wood Trusses with Plywood Nodes and Wooden Pegs: A Strategy towards Resource-Efficient Timber Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2568
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kromoser ◽  
Matthias Braun ◽  
Maximilian Ortner
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Gusset Plates ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Timber Construction ◽  
First Results ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Numerical Optimisation ◽  
Special Case

Timber truss systems are very efficient load-bearing structures. They allow for great freedom in design and are characterised by high material use in combination with a low environmental impact. Unfortunately, the extensive effort in design and production have made the manufacturing and application of these structures, in this day and age, a rarity. In addition, the currently mainly used steel gusset plates adversely affect the costs and environmental impact of the trusses. The authors’ goals are to optimise the design of timber trusses and to solely use wood for all building components. The two research areas, (1) optimisation of the truss geometry and (2) optimisation of the joints by using solely wood–wood connections, are addressed in this paper. The numerical optimisation strategy is based on a parametric design of the truss and the use of a genetic solver for the optimisation regarding minimal material consumption. Furthermore, first results of the tensile and compression behaviour of the chosen wood–wood connections are presented. The basic idea for the joints is to use a plywood plate as a connector, which is inserted into the truss members and fixed with wooden pegs. The housing of the new robot laboratory located at BOKU Vienna is considered a special case study for the research and serves as an accompanying example for the application of the research within the present paper.

scholarly journals Using citizen science data to monitor the Sustainable Development Goals: a bottom-up analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ballerini ◽  
Sylvia I. Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Science Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Goals

AbstractOfficial data are not sufficient for monitoring the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): they do not reach remote locations or marginalized populations and can be manipulated by governments. Citizen science data (CSD), defined as data that citizens voluntarily gather by employing a wide range of technologies and methodologies, could help to tackle these problems and ultimately improve SDG monitoring. However, the link between CSD and the SDGs is still understudied. This article aims to develop an empirical understanding of the CSD-SDG link by focusing on the perspective of projects which employ CSD. Specifically, the article presents primary and secondary qualitative data collected on 30 of these projects and an explorative comparative case study analysis. It finds that projects which use CSD recognize that the SDGs can provide a valuable framework and legitimacy, as well as attract funding, visibility, and partnerships. But, at the same time, the article reveals that these projects also encounter several barriers with respect to the SDGs: a widespread lack of knowledge of the goals, combined with frustration and political resistance towards the UN, may deter these projects from contributing their data to the SDG monitoring apparatus.

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