Assessments of land subsidence along the Rizhao–Lankao  high-speed railway at Heze, China, between 2015  and 2019 with Sentinel-1 data

Abstract. The Heze section of Rizhao–Lankao high-speed railway (RLHR-HZ) has been under construction since 2018 and will be in operation by the end of 2021. However, there is a concern that land subsidence in the Heze region may affect the regular operation of RLHR-HZ. In this study, we investigate the contemporary ground deformation in the region between 2015 and 2019 by using more than 350 C-band interferograms constructed from two tracks of Sentinel-1 data over the region. The small baseline subset (SBAS) technique is adopted to compile the time-series displacement. We find that the RLHR-HZ runs through two main subsidence areas: one is located east of the Heze region with rates ranging from −4 to −1 cm yr−1, and another one is located in the coalfield with rates ranging from −8 to −2 cm yr−1. A total length of 35 km of RLHR-HZ is affected by the two subsidence basins. Considering the previous investigation and the monthly precipitation, we infer that the subsidence bowl east of the Heze region is due to massive extraction of deep groundwater. Close inspections of the relative locations between the second subsidence area and the underground mining reveals that the subsidence there is probably caused by the groundwater outflow and fault instability due to mining, rather than being directly caused by mining. The InSAR-derived ground subsidence implies that it is necessary to continue monitoring the ground deformation along RLHR-HZ.

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Assessments of land subsidence along Rizhao-Lankao High-speed Railway at Heze, China between 2015 and 2019 with Sentinel-1 data

10.5194/nhess-2020-176 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chuanguang Zhu ◽

Wenhao Wu ◽

Mahdi Motagh ◽

Liya Zhang ◽

Zongli Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Subsidence ◽

High Speed ◽

Underground Mining ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Ground Subsidence ◽

Normal Operation ◽

Monthly Precipitation ◽

High Speed Railway ◽

Subsidence Area ◽

Under Construction

Abstract. The Heze section of Rizhao-Lankao High-speed Railway (RLHR-HZ) has been under construction since 2018 and will be operative by the end of 2021. However, there is a concern that land subsidence in Heze region may affect the normal operation of RLHR-HZ. In this study, we investigate the contemporary ground deformation in the region between 2015 and 2019 by using more than 350 C-band interferograms constructed from two tracks of Sentine-1 data over the region. The Small Baselines Subset (SBAS) technique is adopted to compile the time series displacement. We find that the RLHR-HZ runs through two main subsidence areas: One is located east of Heze region with rates ranging from −4 cm/yr to −1 cm/yr, and another one is located in the coal field with rates ranging from −8 cm/yr to −2 cm/yr. A total length of 35 km of RLSR-HZ are affected by the two subsidence basins. Considering the previous investigation and the monthly precipitation, we infer that the subsidence bowl east of Heze region is due to massive extraction of deep groundwater. Close inspections of the relative locations between the second subsidence area and the underground mining reveals that the subsidence there is probably caused by the groundwater outflow and fault instability due to mining, rather than being directly caused by mining. The InSAR-derived ground subsidence implies that it's necessary to continue monitoring the ground deformation along RLSR-HZ.

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Detecting land deformation due to groundwater changes with InSAR observations - the case of the island of Gotland, Sweden

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-3402 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mehdi Darvishi ◽

Fernando Jaramillo

Keyword(s):

Land Subsidence ◽

Groundwater Level ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Groundwater Depletion ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Small Baseline Subset ◽

Small Baseline ◽

The Baltic

In the recent years, southern Sweden has experienced drought conditions during the summer with potential risks of groundwater shortages. One of the main physical effects of groundwater depletion is land subsidence, a geohazard that potentially damages urban infrastructure, natural resources and can generate casualties. We here investigate land subsidence induced by groundwater depletion and/or seasonal variations in Gotland, an agricultural island in the Baltic Sea experiencing recent hydrological droughts in the summer. Taking advantage of the multiple monitoring groundwater wells active on the island, we explore the existence of a relationship between groundwater fluctuations and ground deformation, as obtained from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The aim in the long-term is to develop a high-accuracy map of land subsidence with an appropriate temporal and spatial resolution to understand groundwater changes in the area are recognize hydroclimatic and anthropogenic drivers of change.We processed Sentinel-1 (S1) data, covering the time span of 2016-2019, by using the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) to process 119 S1-A/B data (descending mode). The groundwater level of Nineteen wells distributed over the Gotland island were used to assess the relationship between groundwater depletion and the detected InSAR displacement. In addition to that, the roles of other geological key factors such as soil depth, ground capacity in bed rock, karstification, structure of bedrock and soil type in occurring land subsidence also investigated. The findings showed that the groundwater level in thirteen wells with soil depths of less than 5 meters correlated well with InSAR displacements. The closeness of bedrock to ground surface (small soil depth) was responsible for high coherence values near the wells, and enabled the detection land subsidence. The results demonstrated that InSAR could use as an effective monitoring system for groundwater management and can assist in predicting or estimating low groundwater levels during summer conditions.

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Land subsidence inversion method application for salt mining-induced rock mass movement

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi ◽

10.1515/gospo-2017-0034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 179-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ryszard Hejmanowski ◽

Agnieszka A. Malinowska

Keyword(s):

Land Subsidence ◽

Least Squares Method ◽

Underground Mining ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Mass Movement ◽

Ground Movement ◽

Ground Subsidence ◽

Inversion Method ◽

Salt Mines ◽

Geological Conditions

AbstractThe modeling of strains and deformations in salt mine areas encounters considerable difficulties because of the varying strength properties of salt, the complex morphological build of dome deposits and the rheological properties of salt. These properties have impacted the development of salt extraction for hundreds of years and the fact that the accurate determining of strains in a given specified moment and place are burdened with high uncertainty. Numerical modeling is useful when the model is reduced to one or several salt chambers. A broader range of underground post mining void considerably lowers the accuracy and efficiency of the calculations of such models. Stochastic models allow for a 3D modeling of the entire mining complex deposit, provided the model has been parametrized in detail. The methods of strains and deformations modeling were presented on the example of one of the biggest salt mines in Europe, where a volume of over 21 million m3 of salt was extracted. The stochastic model could be parametrized thanks to the documented results of measurements of convergence of the underground mining panels and leveling on the surface. The use of land subsidence inversion in the least squares method allowed for estimating the optimum values of parameters of the model. Ground deformation modeling was performed using the two-parameter time function, which allows for a simulation to be carried out in time. In the simulation, the convergence of underground excavations and the transition in time the effects of convergence into ground subsidence was taken into account. The detailed analysis of the geological conditions lead to modeling deviation of the subsidence trough. The accuracy of the modeling results was qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by a comparison of the modeled to measured values of the vertical ground movement. The scaled model can be applied in future mining extraction projects in order to predict the strains and deformations for an arbitrary moment in time.

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Impact of ground subsidence on the Beijing–Tianjin high-speed railway as mapped by radar interferometry

Annals of GIS ◽

10.1080/19475683.2010.492125 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 91-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Linlin Ge ◽

Xiaojing Li ◽

Hsing-chung Chang ◽

Alex Hayman Ng ◽

Kui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Radar Interferometry ◽

Ground Subsidence ◽

High Speed Railway

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SUBSIDENCE EVALUATION OF HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY IN SHENYANG BASED ON TIME-SERIES INSAR

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-3-273-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol IV-3 ◽

pp. 273-276

Author(s):

Yun Zhang ◽

Lianhuan Wei ◽

Jiayu Li ◽

Shanjun Liu ◽

Yachun Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

High Speed ◽

Cross Validation ◽

Surface Deformation ◽

Local Environment ◽

Local Area ◽

Safe Operation ◽

High Speed Rail ◽

High Speed Railway ◽

Under Construction

More and more high-speed railway are under construction in China. The slow settlement along high-speed railway tracks and newly-built stations would lead to inhomogeneous deformation of local area, and the accumulation may be a threat to the safe operation of high-speed rail system. In this paper, surface deformation of the newly-built high-speed railway station as well as the railway lines in Shenyang region will be retrieved by time series InSAR analysis using multi-orbit COSMO-SkyMed images. This paper focuses on the non-uniform subsidence caused by the changing of local environment along the railway. The accuracy of the settlement results can be verified by cross validation of the results obtained from two different orbits during the same period.

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MONITORING OF LAND SUBSIDENCE IN RAVENNA MUNICIPALITY USING INTEGRATED SAR - GPS TECHNIQUES: DESCRIPTION AND FIRST RESULTS

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-23-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol XLI-B7 ◽

pp. 23-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G. Artese ◽

S. Fiaschi ◽

D. Di Martire ◽

S. Tessitore ◽

M. Fabris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Subsidence ◽

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽

Persistent Scatterers ◽

Gps Measurement ◽

Measurement Results ◽

Prone Area ◽

First Results ◽

Emilia Romagna Region ◽

Small Baseline Subset ◽

Small Baseline

The Emilia Romagna Region (N-E Italy) and in particular the Adriatic Sea coastline of Ravenna, is affected by a noticeable subsidence that started in the 1950s, when the exploitation of on and off-shore methane reservoirs began, along with the pumping of groundwater for industrial uses. In such area the current subsidence rate, even if lower than in the past, reaches the -2 cm/y. Over the years, local Authorities have monitored this phenomenon with different techniques: spirit levelling, GPS surveys and, more recently, Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) techniques, confirming the critical situation of land subsidence risk. In this work, we present the comparison between the results obtained with DInSAR and GPS techniques applied to the study of the land subsidence in the Ravenna territory. With regard to the DInSAR, the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) and the Coherent Pixel Technique (CPT) techniques have been used. Different SAR datasets have been exploited: ERS-1/2, ENVISAT, TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1. Some GPS campaigns have been also carried out in a subsidence prone area. 3D vertices have been selected very close to existing persistent scatterers in order to link the GPS measurement results to the SAR ones. GPS data were processed into the International reference system and the comparisons between the coordinates, for the first 6 months of the monitoring, provided results with the same trend of the DInSAR data, even if inside the precision of the method.

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SBAS-InSAR Based Deformation Detection of Urban Land, Created from Mega-Scale Mountain Excavating and Valley Filling in the Loess Plateau: The Case Study of Yan’an City

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11141673 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (14) ◽

pp. 1673 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Qiong Wu ◽

Chunting Jia ◽

Shengbo Chen ◽

Hongqing Li

Keyword(s):

Loess Plateau ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Surface Deformation ◽

Land Uplift ◽

Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry ◽

Urban Buildings ◽

Small Baseline Subset ◽

Land Deformation ◽

Small Baseline ◽

Sbas Insar

Yan’an new district (YND) is one of the largest civil engineering projects for land creation in Loess Plateau, of which the amount of earthwork exceeds 600 million m3, to create 78.5 km2 of flat land. Such mega-scale engineering activities and complex geological characteristics have induced wide land deformation in the region. Small baseline subset synthetic aperture radar interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) method and 55 Sentinel-1A (S-1A) images were utilized in the present work to investigate the urban surface deformation in the Yan’an urban area and Yan’an new airport (YNA) from 2015 to 2019. The results were validated by the ground leveling measurements in the YNA. It is found that significant uneven surface deformation existed in both YND and YNA areas with maximum accumulative subsidence of 300 and 217 mm, respectively. Moreover, the average subsidence rate of the YND and YNA areas ranged from −70 to 30 mm/year and −50 to 25 mm/year, respectively. The present work shows that the land deformation suffered two periods (from 2015 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2019) and expanded from urban center to surrounding resettlement area, which are highly relevant with urban earthwork process. It is found that more than 60% of land subsidence occurs at filled areas, while more than 65% of surface uplifting occurs at excavation areas. The present work shows that the subsidence originates from the earth filling and the load of urban buildings, while the release of stress is the major factor for the land uplift. Moreover, it is found that the collapsibility of loess and concentrated precipitation deteriorates the degree of local land subsidence. The deformation discovered by this paper shows that the city may suffer a long period of subsidence, and huge challenges may exist in the period of urban maintaining buildings and infrastructure facilities.

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Modeling of fast ground subsidence observed in southern Saskatchewan (Canada) during 2008–2011

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-14-247-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 247-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

S. V. Samsonov ◽

P. J. González ◽

K. F. Tiampo ◽

N. d'Oreye

Keyword(s):

Shallow Groundwater ◽

Spherical Model ◽

Source Model ◽

Ground Subsidence ◽

Subsidence Rate ◽

Ground Conditions ◽

Long Time ◽

Source Models ◽

Small Baseline Subset ◽

Small Baseline

Abstract. Fast ground subsidence in southern Saskatchewan (Canada) between the city of Saskatoon and Rice Lake was observed with the RADARSAT-2 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) during 2008–2011. We collected 23 ascending Multi-Look Fine 3 Far (MF3F) and 15 descending Standard 3 (S3) RADARSAT-2 images and performed time-series analysis utilizing Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) and Multidimensional SBAS (MSBAS) methodologies. We observed two well-defined circular regions located a few kilometers apart and subsiding with the nearly constant rate of about 10 cm yr-1. MSBAS decomposition revealed the presence of both vertical and horizontal ground displacements. For further analysis we selected two highly coherent interferograms spanning from November to December 2009 until April 2010 thanks to particularly favorable ground conditions that displayed superior coherence. We performed modeling and inversion assuming spherical and sill source models in order to determine the source location, depth and strength. The sill source model produced the smallest residual of 0.7 cm yr-1 applied to ascending interferograms and 0.9 cm yr-1 applied to descending interferograms. A residual of 1.0 cm yr-1 was achieved with the sill model when both ascending and descending interferograms were used. This model suggested sources located at 1.3 and 1.2 km depth with radius of 1.0 and 1.3 km for eastern and western areas, respectively. The spherical model suggested slightly shallower sources located at 0.9 and 0.8 km. We could not precisely identify the cause of this deformation, but the observed subsidence rate and source depth suggest mining-related origin. Topographic changes produced by this subsidence rate over a long time may produce shallow groundwater redistribution and flooding of agricultural lands.

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Analysis on Ground Subsidence in Underground Mining

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2201 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 383-390 ◽

pp. 2201-2205

Author(s):

Xin Xi Liu ◽

Xue Zhi Wang

Keyword(s):

Underground Mining ◽

Ground Deformation ◽

Coal Pillar ◽

Mining Area ◽

Ground Subsidence ◽

Recovery Coefficient ◽

Mining Width ◽

Movement And Deformation ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Analysis on the characters of ground subsidence of Yangjiaping mining area, with same excavation depth and recovery coefficient, the numerical simulations to nonlinear large deformation using finite-difference method(FLAC) are achieved on the different strip extraction schemes that adopted different mining and reservation width. The result indicates that the subsidence values and horizontal deformation increases with the increasing of the strip extraction width on condition of the same recovery rate. Based on probability density function (PDF) method, the relationship of the coal pillar width, the mining width and ground deformation is acquired, which is some useful reference for using the strip extraction method to control the surface movement and deformation.

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Ground deformation associated with the August 2019 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion Island) inferred from DInSAR measurements

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-18664 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo De Novellis ◽

Francesco Casu ◽

Claudio De Luca ◽

Mariarosaria Manzo ◽

Fernando Monterroso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ground Deformation ◽

Coseismic Deformation ◽

Southeastern Part ◽

Eruptive Fissure ◽

Piton De La Fournaise ◽

Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry ◽

Small Baseline Subset ◽

Small Baseline ◽

Deformation Patterns ◽

Eruptive Fissures

Piton de la Fournaise volcano forms the southeastern part of La R&#233;union, an oceanic basaltic island in the southernmost part of Mascarene Basin (Indian Ocean). Five eruptions occurred at Piton in 2019, accompanied by seismic activity, lava flow, and lava fountaining. Here below, we focus on the fourth eruption occurred between August 11 and 15 on the southern-southeastern flank of the volcano, inside the Enclos Fouqu&#233; caldera. This eruption was characterized by the opening of two eruptive fissures. We retrieve the surface deformations induced by the eruptive activity through space-borne Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) measurements.&#160;First, we generated the coseismic deformation maps by applying the DInSAR technique to SAR data collected along ascending and descending orbits by the Sentinel-1 constellation of the European Copernicus Programme. The DInSAR technique allows us to analyze the deformation patterns caused by the 11 August 2019 eruption. We also retrieved the pre-eruptive deformation through the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) DInSAR approach. Then, we modelled the DInSAR displacements to constrain the geometry and characteristics of the eruptive source. The modelling results suggest that the observed deformation can be attributed to the interaction between a shallow magma reservoir located at ~1.5-2 km depth below the summit, and the intrusion of a dike feeding the eruptive fissure inside the Enclos Fouqu&#233; caldera.This work is supported by: the 2019-2021 IREA-CNR and Italian Civil Protection Department agreement; the EPOS-SP project (GA 871121); and the I-AMICA (PONa3_00363) project.

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