scholarly journals Transition process of abrupt climate change based on global sea surface temperature over the past century

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Yan ◽  
Wei Hou ◽  
Guolin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Abrupt Climate Change ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
State Moment

Abstract. A new detection method has been proposed to study the transition process of abrupt climate change. With this method, the climate system transiting from one stable state to another can be verified clearly. By applying this method to the global sea surface temperature over the past century, several climate changes and their processes are detected, including the start state (moment), persist time, and end state (moment). According to the spatial distribution, the locations of climate changes mainly have occurred in the Indian Ocean and western Pacific before the middle twentieth century, in the 1970s in the equatorial middle-eastern Pacific, and in the middle and southern Pacific since the end of the twentieth century. In addition, the quantitative relationship between the transition process parameters is verified in theory and practice: (1) the relationship between the rate and stability parameters is linear, and (2) the relationship between the rate and change amplitude parameters is quadratic.

scholarly journals Transition process of abrupt climate change based on global sea surface temperature over the past century

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Yan ◽  
Wei Hou ◽  
Guolin Feng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Abrupt Climate Change ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
State Moment

Abstract. We propose a new concept of abrupt climate change transition and create a novel detection method to identify the transition process. With this method, how the climate system transits from one stable state to another could be verified clearly. By applying this method to the global sea surface temperature data over the past century, several climate change processes are detected, including their starting state (moment), persist time, and ending state (moment) etc. According to the spatial distributions, the locations of climate changes mainly occurred in Indian ocean and western Pacific before the middle twentieth century, while the climate changes in 1970s located in equatorial middle-eastern Pacific, and the climate changes happened in the middle and southern Pacific since the end twentieth century. In addition, an quantitative relationship among the transition process parameters has been exposed in theory and practice, which the relationship between the rate and stability parameters is linear, and the relationship between the rate and change amplitude parameters is quadratic.

Number of Siblings in Childhood, Social Outcomes in Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-234
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Merry ◽  
Donna Bobbitt-Zeher ◽  
Douglas B. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

In many parts of the world, fertility has declined in important ways in the past century. What are the consequences of this demographic change? Our study expands the empirical basis for understanding the relationship between number of siblings in childhood and social outcomes among adults. An important recent study found that for each additional sibling an individual grows up with, the likelihood of divorce as an adult declines by 3%. We expand this work by (a) determining whether the original pattern replicates in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and (b) extending the analysis beyond divorce to consider whether growing up with siblings is related to prosocial adult behaviors (relationships with parents, friends, and views on conflict management with one’s partner). Our results confirm a negative association between number of siblings and divorce in adulthood. We find mixed results related to other prosocial adult behaviors.

scholarly journals Probability Assessment of Slope Instability in Seasonally Cold Regions under Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Zhu ◽  
Tatsuya Ishikawa ◽  
Tomohito J. Yamada ◽  
Srikrishnan Siva Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Assessment Approach

Abstract This paper proposes an effective approach for evaluating the influences of climate change on slope stability in seasonally cold regions. Firstly, to semi-quantitatively assess the effects of climate changes on the uncertainty of climate factors, this study analyzes the trend of the two main climate factors (precipitation and air temperature) by the regression analysis using the meteorological monitoring data of the past 120 years in different scales (e.g., world, country (Japan), and city (Sapporo)), and the meteorological simulation data obtained by downscaling the outputs of three different regional atmospheric models (RAMs) with lateral boundary conditions from three different general circulation models (GCMs). Next, to discuss the effects of different climate factors (air temperature, precipitation, etc.) and to determine the key climate factors on the slope instability, an assessment approach for evaluating the effects of climate changes on slope instability is proposed through the water content simulation and slope stability analysis using a 2-dimensional (2D) finite element method (FEM) homogeneous conceptual slope model with considering freeze-thaw action. Finally, to check the effectiveness of the above assessment approach, assessment of instability of an actual highway embankment slope with the local layer geometry is done by applying the past and predicted future climate data. The results indicate that affected by global warming, the air temperature rise in some cold cities is more serious. The predicted future weather will affect the shape of the normal density curve (NDC) of the distribution of slope failures in one year. The climate changes (especially the increase in precipitation) in the future will increase the infiltration during the Spring season. It will lengthen the time that the highway slope is in an unstable state due to high volumetric water content, thereby enhancing the instability of the slopes and threatening more slopes in the future.

The Relationship between Energy Consumption and Climate Change in Shanghai

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2388-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Mahjoub Elnimeiri
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Annual Average Temperature ◽  
Fossil Fuel Energy

The phenomenon of climate change is becoming a global problem. One of the most important reasons of climate change is the increase in CO2 levels due to emissions from fossil fuel energy use in daily human activities. This research will use the data of the annual average temperature and energy consumption in the past 41 years of Shanghai, the largest city in China, to establish the statistical relationship between climate change and energy consumption. It is found that there is a strong positive relationship between climate change and energy consumption in Shanghai. The phenomenon of climate change could be controlled by reducing excessive energy consumption in people’s daily life. Furthermore, this paper will also discuss the reason of such relationship, and provide suggesstions of saving energy and protecting our environment.

scholarly journals Rapid climate change results in long-lasting spatial homogenization of phylogenetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Saladin ◽  
Loïc Pellissier ◽  
Catherine H. Graham ◽  
Michael P. Nobis ◽  
Nicolas Salamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Climate Oscillations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rapid Climate Change ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Scientific understanding of biodiversity dynamics, resulting from past climate oscillations and projections of future changes in biodiversity, has advanced over the past decade. Little is known about how these responses, past or future, are spatially connected. Analyzing the spatial variability in biodiversity provides insight into how climate change affects the accumulation of diversity across space. Here, we evaluate the spatial variation of phylogenetic diversity of European seed plants among neighboring sites and assess the effects of past rapid climate changes during the Quaternary on these patterns. Our work shows a marked homogenization in phylogenetic diversity across Central and Northern Europe linked to high climate change velocity and large distances to refugia. Our results suggest that the future projected loss in evolutionary heritage may be even more dramatic, as homogenization in response to rapid climate change has occurred among sites across large landscapes, leaving a legacy that has lasted for millennia.

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