scholarly journals Wind inflow observation from load harmonics: initial steps towards a field validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-775
Author(s):  
Marta Bertelè ◽  
Carlo L. Bottasso ◽  
Johannes Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Independent Method ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Wind Model ◽  
Experimental Dataset ◽  
Linear Shear ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Rotor Disk ◽  
Practical Demonstration

Abstract. A previously published wind sensing method is applied to an experimental dataset obtained from a 3.5 MW turbine. The method is based on a load-wind model that correlates once-per-revolution blade load harmonics to rotor-equivalent shears and wind directions. Loads measured during turbine operation are used to estimate online – through the load-wind model – the inflow at the rotor disk, thereby turning the whole turbine into a sort of generalized anemometer. The experimental dataset consists of synchronous measurements of loads, from blade-mounted strain gages, and of the inflow, obtained from a nearby met mast. As the mast reaches only to hub height, a second independent method is used to extend the met-mast-measured shear above hub height to cover the entire rotor disk. Part of the dataset is first used to identify the load-wind model, and then the performance of the wind observer is characterized with the rest of the data. Although the experimental setup falls short of providing a thorough validation of the method, it still allows for a realistic practical demonstration of some of its main features. Results indicate a good quality of the estimated linear shear both in terms of 1 and 10 min averages and of resolved time histories, with mean average errors around 0.04. A similarly accuracy is found in the estimation of the yaw misalignment, with mean errors typically below 3∘.

scholarly journals Wind inflow observation from load harmonics: initial steps towards a field validation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Bertelè ◽  
Carlo L. Bottasso ◽  
Johannes Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Independent Method ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Turbulent Fluctuations ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Rotor Disk ◽  
Practical Demonstration

Abstract. A previously published wind sensing method is applied to an experimental dataset obtained on a 3.5 MW turbine and a nearby hub-tall met-mast. The method uses blade load harmonics to estimate rotor-equivalent shears and wind directions at the rotor disk. A second independent method is used to extend the met-mast-measured shear above hub height to cover the entire rotor disk. Although the experimental setup falls short of providing a real validation of the method, it still allows for a realistic practical demonstration of some of its main features. The method appears to be robust to turbulent fluctuations and air density changes. Results indicate a good quality of the estimated shear, both in terms of 10-min averages and of resolved time histories, and a reasonable accuracy in the estimation of the yaw misalignment.

Improvements in Data Acquisition for Propulsion Shaft Alignment

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. David Joiner ◽  
Charles J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Strain Gage ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Ship Construction ◽  
Shaft Line ◽  
Load Cells ◽  
Shaft Alignment

Propulsion shaft alignment is a necessary and crucial step in the ship construction process, with manning and schedule constraints requiring accurate results as efficiently as possible. There are two methods for measuring the bearing loading along the shaft line: strain gages and load cells. The legacy method for using strain gages required a lot of man power and the legacy method for using load cells was dependent on the quality of machinist made available. Strain gages are the transducers of choice for measurement; however the data acquisition, especially for ships with long shafting systems, can require many strain gage positions and personnel to conduct tests. Load cells are used to validate the accuracy of the strain gage method and to calculate the shaft runout at each bearing location.

scholarly journals Development of the TabacoQuest app for computerization of data collection on smoking in psychiatric nursing

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Marques de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Freitas Duarte ◽  
Domingos Alves ◽  
Antonia Regina Ferreira Furegato
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Psychiatric Nursing ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Computational Resources

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a mobile app for research on the use of tobacco among psychiatric patients and the general population. Method: applied research with the technological development of an app for data collection on an Android tablet. For its development, we considered three criteria: data security, benefits for participants and optimization of the time of researchers. We performed tests with twenty fictitious participants and a final test with six pilots. Results: the app collects data, stores them in the database of the tablet and export then to an Excel spreadsheet. Resources: calculator, stopwatch, offline operation, branching logic, field validation and automatic tabulation. Conclusion: the app prevents human error, increases the quality of the data by validating them during the interview, allows the performing of automatic tabulation and makes the interviews less tiring. Its success may encourage the use of this and other computational resources by nurses as a research tool.

scholarly journals Assessing the Quality of Roof-Harvested Rainwater after Bushfires

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s42-s42
Author(s):  
Malinda Steenkamp ◽  
Kirstin Ross ◽  
Harriet Whiley ◽  
Emmanuel Chubaka ◽  
Paul Arbon
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Field Validation ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Copper Arsenate

Introduction:Roof-harvested rainwater held in domestic tanks is used for a variety of purposes in Australia, including drinking and irrigation. There is limited evidence about the quality of rainwater after bushfires. Current health guidelines can be interpreted that landholders need to drain their rainwater tanks to avoid the risk of contamination. Anecdotal reports indicate that following such advice caused additional distress to landowners affected by bushfires in South Australia. Sustainable water management is important for future resilience and more evidence on water quality following bushfires is needed.Aim:This project investigated whether there is contamination of roof-harvested rainwater after bushfires, and if so, whether such water was safe for various purposes.Methods:In 2017 we tested artificially contaminated water spiked with chemicals associated with bushfires (chromated copper arsenate-treated ash and firefighting foam) and conducted a pilot field study using two purposely built roofs during a pre-fire season burn off. A field validation is planned for the summer of 2018/19 (December 2018 - March 2019), i.e., we plan to obtain 200 samples from 50 households affected by bushfire – two samples immediately after the fire event and another two after the first rain.Results:The artificially created contaminated water fell within guidelines for non-potable uses such as irrigation and stock watering, but was found unsuitable for drinking even after being filtered through two commercially available water filtration systems. We also plan to present results from our field study of 50 households.Discussion:Contaminant concentrations, even in artificially spiked water samples, are low and acceptable for non-potable uses. Bottled water should be used for drinking. Landholders should be encouraged to use their water for recovery purposes. Such advice may assist with decreasing the stress experienced by affected landholders and help with recovery efforts through the availability of a greater body of water.

Delivering Pharmaceutical Services from a Decentralized Pharmacy — Health Care System in Spain

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143
Author(s):  
Joaquin Bonal ◽  
Joan Altimiras
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Practical Demonstration ◽  
Pharmacy System

This article presents a practical demonstration of a decentralized pharmacy system improving the quality of pharmaceutical services. The authors explain the working system of a satellite pharmacy in one of the pavilions of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona, Spain. Clinical pharmacists working in this satellite become deeply involved in drug information, quality control programs, pharmacokinetics, patient education, research, and teaching activities.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Provided Service Quality In Flowers And Living Plants Transport

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (36) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Adela Poliaková
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Specific Transport ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
Practical Demonstration

Abstract This paper analyses quality of the living flowers and plants transportation. A part of this paper compares the demands for a particular transport mode and a practical demonstration of these transport modes within a specific transport mode. The paper presents a survey of quality of services provided by individual transport modes.

scholarly journals ADM1 approach to the performance optimisation and biogas H2S prediction of a large-scale anaerobic reactor fed on sugarcane vinasse

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 1774-1786
Author(s):  
Jorge Vinicius da Silva Neto ◽  
Marcelo Leite Conde Elaiuy ◽  
Edson Aparecido Abdul Nour
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Sugarcane Vinasse ◽  
Practical Demonstration

Abstract In this paper, we present extensions to the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) to simulate hydrogen sulphide in biogas and solids retention efficiency. The extended model was calibrated and validated against data from a large-scale covered in-ground anaerobic reactor (CIGAR), processing sugarcane vinasse. Comparative scenarios and set-ups of a CIGAR with and without a settling tank unit (settler) were simulated to investigate the reactor's performance. Biogas flow, methane content, and yield with settler were 15,983 Nm3/d, 57%, and 0.198 Nm3CH4/kgCOD, respectively, which were 9.4%, 1.8%, and 11.64%, higher than without the settler. Improvements are combination of influent flow rate 116% higher and increased solids retention time by using a settler. The optimised modelled reactor, the volume of which was reduced by 50%, was able to produce 83% more methane per volume of reactor with half the retention time. After model calibration and validation, we assessed the quality of predictions and its utility. The overall quality of predictions was assessed as high accuracy quantitative for CH4 and medium for H2S and biogas flow. A practical demonstration of ADM1 to industrial application is presented here to identify the potential optimisation and behaviour of a large-scale anaerobic reactor, reducing, consequently, expenditure, risk, and time.

Metrological Performances of Smart Structures Based on Bragg Grating Sensors

2011 ◽  
Vol 495 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Enrico De Cais ◽  
Marco Borotto ◽  
Marco Belloli ◽  
Andrea Bernasconi ◽  
Stefano Manzoni
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Optic Sensor ◽  
Fbg Sensors

The fiber optic Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have been recently introduced: they presenta photo-record grating on the fiber itself, which allows the reflection of a certain wavelength of theinput light spectrum. The applied strain is estimated based on changes of the reflected wavelength.The metrological characteristics of FBGs have been tested and compared to strain gages ones, whichrepresent the actual reference measurement systems. It was decided to integrate the measurementsystem directly into a composite material, having achieved good results during the static and dynamictests [1]. We made carbon fiber specimens (two for traction and two for bending tests) with FBGsintegrated into them. The results were surprising: the integration of ``nude'' fiber optic sensor didnot cause damage or deterioration in the quality of measurement, the signal noise was maintained atbaseline levels and response to dynamic stress was definitely comparable to that offered by electricalstrain gauges

scholarly journals Brief communication: Wind inflow observation from load harmonics – wind tunnel validation of the rotationally symmetric formulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Bertelè ◽  
Carlo L. Bottasso ◽  
Stefano Cacciola
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Vertical Shear ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Wind Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rotationally Symmetric ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Rotor Disk ◽  
Symmetric Formulation

Abstract. The present paper further develops and experimentally validates the previously published idea of estimating the wind inflow at a turbine rotor disk from the machine response. A linear model is formulated that relates one per revolution (1P) harmonics of the in- and out-of-plane blade root bending moments to four wind parameters, representing vertical and horizontal shears and misalignment angles. Improving on this concept, the present work exploits the rotationally symmetric behavior of the rotor in the formulation of the load-wind model. In a nutshell, this means that the effects on the loads of the vertical shear and misalignment are the same as those of the horizontal quantities, simply shifted by π∕2. This results in a simpler identification of the model, which needs a reduced set of observations. The performance of the proposed method is first tested in a simulation environment and then validated with an experimental data set obtained with an aeroelastically scaled turbine model in a boundary layer wind tunnel.

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