scholarly journals MUSCLE FLEXIBILITY AND EXPLOSIVE POWER IN YOUNG ARTISTIC GYMNAST BOYS AT DIFFERENT PERFORMANCE LEVEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siahkouhian Marefat ◽  
Bahram Mohammad Ebrahim ◽  
Mogharnasi Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Specific Exercise ◽  
Sports History ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Explosive Power

A gymnast can not succeed without enough muscle strength and endurance. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between explosive power and flexibility in young boy gymnasts at different performance levels. Ninety-five young boys who participated in this study were divided into three groups: two artistic gymnast groups (N=53) and a sedentary (N=42) group. Artistic gymnasts were classified by their performance level and sports history to an elite (E, N=15) and/or a non-elite (Ne, N=38) group. The explosive power of subjects was determined via vertical and standing long jumps. The sit and reach flexibility test was used to determine lower body muscle flexibility. Our results showed that explosive power and flexibility test records were significantly different among the three groups (P≤0.001). They led to a conclusion that sport specific exercise training resulted in a concurrent improvement in explosive power and flexibility of young gymnasts.

scholarly journals Effects of training volume on lower-body muscle strength in untrained young men: a contralateral control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio A. Rinaldo ◽  
Jeferson L. Jacinto ◽  
Francis L. Pacagnelli ◽  
Leonardo Shigaki ◽  
Alex S. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Control Study

Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial: Elastic-Resistance-Training and Lifestyle-Activity Intervention for Sedentary Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Lubans ◽  
Chris M. Mundey ◽  
Nicole J. Lubans ◽  
Chris C. Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Lifestyle Activity ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and feasibility of a resistancetraining (RT) and lifestyle-activity program for sedentary older adults. Eligible participants (N= 44) were randomized to an 8-wk intervention or a control group. The primary outcome was lower body muscle strength, and participants completed a range of secondary outcomes. There was a significant group-by-time interaction for lower body muscle strength (difference = 3.9 repetitions [reps], 95% CI = 2.0–5.8 reps;p< .001;d= 1.0). Changes in secondary outcomes were generally small and not statistically significant. Attendance and program satisfaction were both high. A combined elastic-tubing RT and lifestyle-activity program delivered in the community setting is an efficacious and feasible approach to improve health in sedentary older adults.

scholarly journals Effects and moderators of exercise on muscle strength, muscle function and aerobic fitness in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis of individual patient data

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (13) ◽  
pp. 812-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maike G Sweegers ◽  
Teatske M Altenburg ◽  
Johannes Brug ◽  
Anne M May ◽  
Jonna K van Vulpen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Session Duration

ObjectiveTo optimally target exercise interventions for patients with cancer, it is important to identify which patients benefit from which interventions.DesignWe conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate demographic, clinical, intervention-related and exercise-related moderators of exercise intervention effects on physical fitness in patients with cancer.Data sourcesWe identified relevant studies via systematic searches in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL).Eligibility criteriaWe analysed data from 28 randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise on upper body muscle strength (UBMS) and lower body muscle strength (LBMS), lower body muscle function (LBMF) and aerobic fitness in adult patients with cancer.ResultsExercise significantly improved UBMS (β=0.20, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.26), LBMS (β=0.29, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.35), LBMF (β=0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.24) and aerobic fitness (β=0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34), with larger effects for supervised interventions. Exercise effects on UBMS were larger during treatment, when supervised interventions included ≥3 sessions per week, when resistance exercises were included and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on LBMS were larger for patients who were living alone, for supervised interventions including resistance exercise and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on aerobic fitness were larger for younger patients and when supervised interventions included aerobic exercise.ConclusionExercise interventions during and following cancer treatment had small effects on UBMS, LBMS, LBMF and aerobic fitness. Demographic, intervention-related and exercise-related characteristics including age, marital status, intervention timing, delivery mode and frequency and type and time of exercise sessions moderated the exercise effect on UBMS, LBMS and aerobic fitness.

Association of insulin sensitivity and muscle strength in overweight and obese sedentary postmenopausal women

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony D. Karelis ◽  
Benoit Tousignant ◽  
Julie Nantel ◽  
Majorique Proteau-Labelle ◽  
Florin M. Malita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Muscle Attenuation

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between insulin sensitivity and lower body muscle strength in overweight and obese sedentary postmenopausal women. The design of the study was cross-sectional. The study population consisted of 82 non-diabetic overweight and obese sedentary postmenopausal women (age: 58.2 ± 5.1 y; body mass index (BMI): 32.4 ± 4.6 kg·m–2). Subjects were classified by dividing the entire cohort into quartiles based on relative insulin sensitivity expressed per kilograms of lean body mass (LBM) (Q1, < 10.3, vs. Q2, 10.3–12.4, vs. Q3, 12.5–14.0, vs. Q4, >14.0 mg·min–1·kg LBM–1). We measured insulin sensitivity (using the hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp technique), body composition (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), visceral fat and muscle attenuation (using computed tomography), and a lower-body muscle strength index expressed as weight lifted in kilograms per kilogram of LBM (kg·kg LBM–1) (using weight-training equipment). A positive and significant relationship was observed between insulin sensitivity and the muscle strength index (r = 0.37; p < 0.001). Moreover, a moderate but significant correlation was observed between the muscle strength index and muscle attenuation (r = 0.22; p < 0.05). Finally, the muscle strength index was significantly higher in the Q4 group compared with the Q2 and Q1 groups, respectively (3.78 ± 1.13 vs. 2.99 ± 0.77 and 2.93 ± 0.91 kg·kg LBM–1; p < 0.05). Insulin sensitivity is positively associated with lower-body muscle strength in overweight and obese sedentary postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Reduces the Muscle Anabolic Effect of Resistance Exercise Training in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 529-529
Author(s):  
Amanda Randolph ◽  
Tatiana Moro ◽  
Adetutu Odejimi ◽  
Blake Rasmussen ◽  
Elena Volpi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Appendicular Lean Mass

Abstract Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accelerates the incidence and increases the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults. This suggests an urgent need for identifying effective sarcopenia treatments for older adults with T2DM. It is unknown whether traditional approaches, such as progressive resistance exercise training (PRET), can effectively counteract sarcopenia in older patients with T2DM. To test the efficacy of PRET for the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults with T2DM, 30 subjects (15 T2DM and 15 age- and sex- matched controls) underwent metabolic testing with muscle biopsies before and after a 13-week full-body PRET program. Primary outcome measures included changes in appendicular lean mass, muscle strength, and mixed muscle fractional synthesis rate (FSR). Before PRET, BMI-adjusted appendicular lean mass was significantly lower in the T2DM group (0.7095±0.0381 versus 0.8151±0.0439, p&lt;0.0001). As a result of PRET, appendicular lean mass adjusted for BMI and muscle strength increased significantly in both groups, but to a lesser extent for the T2DM group (p=0.0009) . Preliminary results for FSR (n=25) indicate that subjects with T2DM had lower basal FSR prior to PRET (p=0.0197) . Basal FSR increased significantly in the control group after PRET (p=0.0196), while it did not change in the T2DM group (p=0.3537). These results suggest that in older adults the positive effect of PRET on muscle anabolism and strength is reduced by T2DM . Thus, older adults with T2DM may require more intensive, multimodal and targeted sarcopenia treatment. Funded by NIH R01AG049611 and P30AG024832.

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