scholarly journals Can fracture healing be accelerated by serum transfer in head trauma cases? An experimental head trauma model in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
Abdülkadir Sarı ◽  
Yaşar Mahsut Dinçel ◽  
Mehmet Ümit Çetin ◽  
Sevda İnan
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Serum Transfer ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the positive union effect caused by head trauma could be transferred between individuals. Materials and methods: Seventy-two male rats with an average weight of 375 g were used in this study and divided into four groups including 18 in each group. Group 1 consisted of serum donor rats that were exposed to head trauma, while Group 2 consisted of study rats with long bone fractures that were given the serum obtained from the rats in Group 1, Group 3 included control rats with isolated long bone fractures, and Group 4 included control rats with both head trauma and long bone fractures. For radiological evaluation, the ratio of the width of the callus to the width of the neighboring diaphysis was considered as the callus-to- diaphyseal ratio in the study and control groups. Histopathological and radiological evaluations was made on Days 10, 20, and 30. Results: In evaluation of the radiological data regarding the callus- to-diaphyseal ratio, Group 3 was found to have significantly lower radiological values than Group 4 on Day 10 (p=0.006). Group 2 had significantly higher values than Group 3 (p=0.02). On Day 20, Group 2 exhibited significantly higher radiological values than Group 3 (p=0.004), but lower than Group 4 (p=0.032). As for Day 30, Group 2 exhibited significantly higher radiological values than Group 3, but lower than Group 4 (p=0.001). In the evaluation of the Huo scores obtained for histopathological evaluation, there was no significant difference among the groups on Days 10, 20, and 30 (p=0.295, p=0.569, and p=0.729, respectively). Conclusion: Our study results suggest that the osteoinductive effect after head trauma can be transmitted between individuals by means of serum transfer.

scholarly journals The optical analysis of the abdominal wall using the biospeckle after implants of polypropylene mesh in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-448
Author(s):  
Tâmara Maria Nieri ◽  
Marco Antonio de Oliveira Peres ◽  
Emerson Rodrigo da Silva ◽  
Inácio Maria Dal Fabbro ◽  
Mikiya Muramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mesh Placement ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Mesh Prosthesis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To evaluate an experimental animal model to study the abdominal tissue activity considering its interaction with a polypropylene mesh, through the use of one of the optical phenomena of light Laser, the biospeckle. METHODS: Fifty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1: ten animals not submitted to surgery; Group 2: ten animals submitted to surgery without polypropylene mesh; Group 3: 20 animals submitted to surgery followed by the mesh placement; Group 4: (sham) with ten animals. None of the animals presented post surgical complications being submitted to the optical tests at the 20th postoperative day. RESULTS: The analysis from the biospeckle tests, comparing the medians and standard deviations with T Student test, indicated that no significative difference was observed on the abdominal wall tissue activity in the four groups considered, with and without polypropylene mesh prosthesis implantation. CONCLUSION: The animal model is viable and the biospeckle open ways for a great number of experiments to be developed in evaluating tissue activity.

scholarly journals Modulation of transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) by inositol hexaphosphate in colon carcinogenesis in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Marks ◽  
Ricardo Dutra Aydos ◽  
Djalma José Fagundes ◽  
Elenir Rose Jardim Cury Pontes ◽  
Luiz Carlos Takita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Inositol Hexaphosphate ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To evaluate modulation in the expression of Transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) in short-term colon carcinogenesis. METHODS: 64 male rats was used, comprising 4 groups of 16 animals each: group 1 received Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and azoxymethane (AOM); group 2, AOM alone; group 3, IP6 alone; group 4 was used as control. Groups 1 and 3 were given 1% IP6 in drinking water for 6 weeks. AOM was administered subcutaneously at weeks 3 and 4 of the experiment at 20 mg/kg of body weight each week. Immunohistochemical processing was performed with the use of anti-TGF-beta2 primary antibodies in right colon samples and quantitation of TGF-beta2 as percentage of expression, through computer-assisted image processing. RESULTS: mean values of TGF-beta2 expression were 9.0 ± 3.9% for group 4 (control), 12.7 ± 4.0% for group 3 (IP6), 19.3 ± 6.2% for group 2 (AOM), and 13.1 ± 5.3% for group 1 (IP6+AOM). The value of p was calculated as 0.0001 for a 5% or lower significance level. CONCLUSION: the experiment revealed a significant increase in TGF-beta2 expression in right colon with the administration of AOM, and a significant decrease in TGF-beta2 expression when IP6 was administered with AOM.

scholarly journals L-Citrulline Supplementation Enhances Reproductive Functions of Lead Acetate Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Tolunigba Abisola Kolawole ◽  
Beatrice Olatundun Oluwatayo ◽  
Ogadinma Ilochi ◽  
Elizabeth Umoren ◽  
Datonye Victor Dapper
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Lead (Pb) is a transition metal and a known male reproductive toxicant that induces its effects mainly through oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of L-Citrulline (Cit) supplement on reproductive functions and antioxidant activities in Lead acetate treated male rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty  male rats (180-200 g) were grouped into four  and treated as follows; Group 1 (Control), given distilled water, Group 2 was given Pb acetate (2.25mg/kg), Group 3 was co-treated with Pb acetate (2.25mg/kg) and Cit (900mg/kg) and Group 4 was given Cit (900mg/kg) only. All administrations were done orally for thirty days. Caudal sperm, serum hormone levels and testicular antioxidant activities and Nitric oxide levels were evaluated at the end administrations. Results: Results showed decrease (p<0.05) in sperm morphology, count, viability, motility, FSH, LH, Testosterone, Catalase, Nitric Oxide and Super oxide dismutase in Group 2(Pb treated rats), when compared to Group 1(Control).However, in Group 3 (Pb acetate co-administered with Cit) the effect was significantly reversed (p<0.05) compared with Group 2 and significant increase was observed in Group 4 (Cit only group) compared with Group 2. There was an increase (p<0.05) in Malondialdehyde level in Group 2 compared with (Group 1) Control while a significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in Groups 3 and 4 compared with Group 2. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that L- Citrulline supplement has ameliorating capacity on the toxic effect of Lead acetate on sperm parameters.

scholarly journals Effect of Electromagnetic Waves from Mobile Phones on Spermatogenesis in the Era of 4G-LTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Jin Oh ◽  
Seok-Soo Byun ◽  
Sang Eun Lee ◽  
Gheeyoung Choe ◽  
Sung Kyu Hong
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
4G Lte ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To investigate the effect of long duration exposure to electromagnetic field from mobile phones on spermatogenesis in rats using 4G-LTE. Methods. Twenty Sprague-Dawley male rats were placed into 4 groups according to the intensity and exposure duration: Group 1 (sham procedure), Group 2 (3 cm distance + 6 h exposure daily), Group 3 (10 cm distance + 18 h exposure daily), and Group 4 (3 cm distance + 18 h exposure daily). After 1 month, we compared sperm parameters and histopathological findings of the testis. Results. The mean spermatid count (×106/ml) was 398.6 in Group 1, 365.40 in Group 2, 354.60 in Group 3, and 298.60 in Group 4 (p=0.041). In the second review, the mean count of spermatogonia in Group 4 (43.00) was significantly lower than in Group 1 (57.00) and Group 2 (53.40) (p<0.001 and p=0.010, resp.). The sum of the germ cell counts was decreased in Group 4 compared to Groups 1, 2, and 3 (p=0.032). The mean Leydig cell count was significantly decreased in Group 4 (p<0.001). Conclusions. The longer exposure duration of electromagnetic field decreased the spermatogenesis. Our findings warrant further investigations on the potential effects of EMF from mobile phones on male fertility.

scholarly journals The Role of Angiography in Managing Patients with Temporal Bone Fractures: A Retrospective Study of 64 Cases

2009 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Asif Ahmed ◽  
David Alison ◽  
Wesley S. Whatley ◽  
Rakesh K. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Temporal Bone Fracture ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Level I ◽  
Angiographic Findings ◽  
Group 1

We conducted a retrospective study of the utility of angiography in the evaluation of patients with temporal bone-fractures. Our study population was made up of 64 patients—58 males and 6 females, aged 14 to 75 years (mean: 35.3)—with a temporal bone fracture who had presented to a level I trauma center over a 1-year period. Records were reviewed and data were obtained on the mechanism of injury; the type of fracture; associated injuries, particularly neurocranial injuries detected on computed tomography (CT) of the head; and any angiographic findings that might have been obtained. The primary outcomes measures were the type of treatment administered (conservative vs. surgical) and mortality. Patients were assigned to 1 of 4 groups according to CT results and angiographic findings, if any: normal CT and no angiogram (group 1; n = 12), abnormal CT and no angiogram (group 2; n = 28), abnormal CT and an abnormal angiogram (group 3; n = 9), and abnormal CT and a normal angiogram (group 4; n = 15). Conservative treatment was administered to all 12 patients in group 1 and to 9 patients (60%) in group 4; surgical treatment was provided to two-thirds of the patients in both group 2 and group 3. Mortality was low in group 1 (n = 0), group 3 (n = 1; 11 %), and group 4 (n = 1; 7%), but high in group 2 (n = 10; 36%). In fact, the key finding of this study was that mortality in the group with an abnormal CT and no angiogram (group 2) was significantly higher than mortality in the group with an abnormal CT and an abnormal angiogram (group 3) (p = 0.02), even though the injuries in the 2 groups were similarly severe and their management was similarly aggressive. We conclude that current guidelines for angiography may need to be expanded to include all patients who have CT evidence of neurocranial injury in order to detect those vascular injuries that need aggressive management and thus lower overall mortality.

Toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and their mixture on antioxidant enzymes and free radicals in male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 009-020
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim Younus ◽  
Mokhtar Ibrahim Yousef ◽  
Maher Abdel-NabiKamel ◽  
Rakhad Alrawi ◽  
Jubran Mohammed Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In the present study Wistar male rats were used. Rats were divided into 4 equal groups, 10 rats each. Group 1 served as control, group 2 was administered orally with Fe2O3NPs (5 mg/kg BW; >50 nm), group 3 was treated intraperitoneally with AgNPs (50 mg/kg BW; >100 nm) and group 4 was administered with the mixture of Fe2O3NPs with AgNPs. Animals were treated with the doses every day for 79 days. Results showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the antioxidant enzymes (GPX, GST, CAT and SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), while significant (P < 0.05) increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) in plasma and testes of rats treated with Fe2O3NPs, AgNPs and their combination compared to control group.

scholarly journals Physiological and Histopathological Investigations on the Effects of-Lipoic Acid in Rats Exposed to Malathion

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atef M. Al-Attar
Keyword(s):  
Dose Level ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hematobiochemical Parameters ◽  
Group 1

The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of -lipoic acid treatment in rats exposed to malathion. Forty adult male rats were used in this study and distributed into four groups. Animals of group 1 were untreated and served as control. Rats of group 2 were orally given malathion at a dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) for a period of one month. Experimental animals of group 3 were orally given -lipoic acid at a dose level of 20 mg/kg BW and after 3 hours exposed to malathion at the same dose given to group 2. Rats of group 4 were supplemented with -lipoic acid at the same dose given to group 3. The activities of serum glutamic oxaloacetic acid transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and acid phosphatase (ACP), and the values of creatinine, urea, and uric acid were statistically increased, while the values of total protein and total albumin were significantly decreased in rats exposed to malathion. Moreover, administration of malathion for one month resulted in damage of liver and kidney structures. Administration of -lipoic acid before malathion exposure to rat can prevent severe alterations of hematobiochemical parameters and disruptions of liver and kidney structures. In conclusion, this study obviously demonstrated that pretreatment with -lipoic acid significantly attenuated the physiological and histopathological alterations induced by malathion. Also, the present study identifies new areas of research for development of better therapeutic agents for liver, kidney, and other organs' dysfunctions and diseases.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Does Perioperative Hemoglobin A1c Level Affect the Incidence, Pattern and Mortality of Lower Extremity Amputation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
Hassan Al-Thani ◽  
Moamena El-Matbouly ◽  
Maryam Al-Sulaiti ◽  
Noora Al-Thani ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Lower Extremity Amputation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Extremity Amputation ◽  
Group 1

Background: We hypothesized that perioperative HbA1c influenced the pattern and outcomes of Lower Extremity Amputation (LEA). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for all patients who underwent LEA between 2000 and 2013. Patients were categorized into 5 groups according to their perioperative HbA1c values [Group 1 (<6.5%), Group 2 (6.5-7.4%), Group 3 (7.5-8.4%), Group 4 (8.5-9.4%) and Group 5 (≥9.5%)]. We identified 848 patients with LEA; perioperative HbA1c levels were available in 547 cases (Group 1: 18.8%, Group 2: 17.7%, Group 3: 15.0%, Group 4: 13.5% and Group 5: 34.9%). Major amputation was performed in 35%, 32%, 22%, 10.8% and 13.6%, respectively. Results: The overall mortality was 36.5%; of that one quarter occurred during the index hospitalization. Mortality was higher in Group 1 (57.4%) compared with Groups 2-5 (46.9%, 38.3%, 36.1% and 31.2%, respectively, p=0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that poor glycemic control (Group 4 and 5) had lower risk of mortality post-LEA [hazard ratio 0.57 (95% CI 0.35-0.93) and hazard ratio 0.46 (95% CI 0.31-0.69)]; this mortality risk persisted even after adjustment for age and sex but was statistically insignificant. The rate of LEA was greater among poor glycemic control patients; however, the mortality was higher among patients with tight control. Conclusion: The effects of HbA1c on the immediate and long-term LEA outcomes and its therapeutic implications need further investigation.

Association between cervical disc disease and lesions of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092098356
Author(s):  
Marwan Alkrenawi ◽  
Michael Osherov ◽  
Azaria Simonovich ◽  
Jonathan Droujin ◽  
Ron Milo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Cervical Disc Disease ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background Cervical discopathy and demyelinating lesions often co-exist in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Our study examines the possible association between these two pathologies. Methods Medical records and cervical magnetic resonance imaging scans of MS patients with cervical discopathy who were seen at our MS clinic during 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of the disc disease was classified as grade I (no compression), grade II (compression of the dural sac) and grade III (cord compression). The spinal cord in each scan was divided into six segments corresponding to the intervertebral space of the spine (C1–C6). Each segment was defined as containing demyelinating lesion and disc pathology (group 1), demyelinating lesion without disc pathology (group 2), disc pathology without demyelinating lesion (group 3) and no demyelinating lesion or disc pathology (group 4). Fisher’s exact test was used to test the association between demyelinating lesions and disc pathology. Results Thirty-four MS patients with cervical discopathy were included in the study (26 females; average age 42.9 ± 13.7 years; average disease duration 8.4 ± 5.4 years). A total of 204 spinal cord segments were evaluated. Twenty-four segments were classified as group 1, 27 segments as group 2, 52 segments as group 3 and 101 segments as group 4. There was no association between demyelinating lesions and the grade of disc disease ( p = 0.1 for grade I, p = 0.3 for grade II and p = 1 for grade III disc disease). Conclusion Our study did not find any association between cervical disc disease and demyelinating spinal cord lesion.

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