Psychological Distress among Adults of an Urban Community of Lalitpur District, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Khagi Maya Pun ◽  
Bimala Panthee ◽  
Priscilla Samson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Past History ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Psychological distress is a widespread indicator of mental health. It is a state of emotional suffering associated with stressors and demands that are difficult to cope with in daily life. The study aimed to identify the prevalence of the psychological distress among adult population. Methods: A cross-sectional house to house survey was conducted in an urban community for four weeks in 2018. Face to face interview was done among 618 adults using Kessler K6 Nepali version interview questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson Chi-square and Pearson correlation) were used for analyzing the data. P value was set at 0.05. Results: We found that 0.3% adults had severe psychological distress, 1.5% had mild to moderate and 98.2% had no psychological distress. Education, past history of mental health problem and occupational status were significantly associated with psychological distress (p-value = < 0.05). Age, alcohol intake and smoking cigarettes were positively correlated with psychological distress (r = 0.12), (r = 0.13), (r = 0.10) respectively and education was significantly negatively correlated with psychological distress (r = - 0.16). Conclusion: Our findings showed low psychological distress among urban community adults. Education, history of mental problem and occupation were associated with psychological distress. Higher the age, positive history of smoking and alcohol were associated with high psychological distress. However, the adults who had high education had low psychological distress. Thus, it suggests that elderly people in an urban community might need psychological support. Key words: Adults, Psychological distress, Urban community.

scholarly journals Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae managed by hysteroscopy in the gyanecological endoscopic surgery and human reproductive teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Etienne Belinga ◽  
Isidore Tompeen ◽  
Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽  
Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽  
Sandrine Mendibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
History Of

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.

Psychological distress among Vietnamese adults attending Vietnamese-speaking general practices in South Western Sydney: prevalence and associations

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Nguyen ◽  
Sarah Dennis ◽  
Huy An ◽  
Sanjyot Vagholkar ◽  
Siaw Teng Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Past History ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among Vietnamese adults attending Vietnamese-speaking general practices and explore possible risk factors in this population. Methods A cross-sectional survey of Vietnamese adult patients was conducted at 25 general practices with Vietnamese-speaking general practitioners (GPs) in south-western Sydney between October 2012 and February 2013. Patients completed the Kessler (K10) scale and a demographic questionnaire, available in Vietnamese or English. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Results Of the 350 patients invited to participate, 247 completed surveys (response rate 71%). One-quarter (25%) of participants had a very high K10 score for psychological distress, nearly twice that reported in the NSW Health Survey. Participants with high exposure to trauma were at increased risk of psychological distress (odds ratio 5.9, 95% confidence interval 2.4–14.4; P < 0.0001) compared with those with mild or no trauma exposure. Similarly, risk was increased if there was a past history of mental health problems and a lack of personal and social support. Conclusion The high prevalence of mental health problems in adult Vietnamese people attending Vietnamese-speaking general practices is associated with exposure to trauma. This highlights the importance of personal, social and professional support in effective management. Vietnamese-speaking GPs who see Vietnamese or similar refugee groups should actively seek out a history of exposure to trauma, a past history of mental illness and the existence of support systems.

scholarly journals Prevalence And Factors Associated With Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women Attending The Antenatal Clinic At A National Referral Hospital In Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Sembatya ◽  
Justine Namuli ◽  
Judith Ajeani ◽  
Sam Ononge
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Psychological distress (PD) among pregnant women has a bearing both on the mother and the outcome of the pregnancy and is thus a public health problem. It is a precursor for other severe mental health conditions that include anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and so if screened and diagnosed early it can prevent progress to severe mental illness. PD has however not been screened among pregnant women and thus no available data in Uganda. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with PD among pregnant women at Kawempe hospital Uganda.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 530 pregnant women attending antenatal care at Kawempe hospital Uganda. The SRQ-20 tool was used to screen for PD and data on socio-demographic and clinical factors was collected using a. socio-demographic questionnaire and medical records respectively. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine the prevalence of PD and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess for factors associated with PD among pregnant women.Results: The prevalence of PD was 19.1% , while having a fair/bad relationship with the spouse (P-value =0.007), a low monthly income (p-value = 0.013), and having less than two meals a day (P-value =0.022). were independently associated with PDConclusion: Approximately one in five pregnant women receiving ANC at Kawempe hospital has PD. This study therefore supports the need for integration of mental health assessment into the antenatal care package of women at Kawempe hospital and Uganda at large

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dentists' Practice in Obtaining and Recording Medical and Pharmacological History of Patients in Yazd City in 2020

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Hajimaghsoodi ◽  
Ozra Mohiti ◽  
Shadi Paknejad
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yazd City

Introduction: Dental profession has an ethical and legal responsibility in patient care. A properly maintained patient record is a very important aspect of this patient care. The aim of this study was to evaluate dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients in Yazd City in 2020. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 197 dentists working in Yazd City were selected during the study and their practice in obtaining and recording medical history was evaluated using a valid questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 statistical software t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Out of 197 dentists participating in this study, 93 (52.8%) were male and 104 (47.2%) were female. Their mean age was 39.37± 8.36 years and their mean clinical experience was 6.5± 9.25 years. The mean score of dentists' practice in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history was 61.30±4.95 (range 45-72) out of 72 points. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean score of dentists' practice by gender, clinical experience, university of study and degree (P-value>0.05), but there was a statistically significant relationship between dentists' age and their practice score (P-value=0.040). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the mean practice source of dentists in obtaining and recording the medical and pharmacological history of patients was good. The effect of gender, university of study and degree on dentists' practice was not significant. However, with increasing age and experience in dentistry, the practice score of dentists was lower.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress among Adults in Home Confinement in the Midst of COVID-19 Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S27-S33
Author(s):  
Abhishek Lal ◽  
Anas Sanaullah ◽  
Mahnoor Khawaja M. Saleem ◽  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Afsheen Maqsood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate psychological distress caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among the adult population residing in Pakistan. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional survey-based study comprised 1,000 adults residing in Pakistan. A questionnaire was formulated and circulated among adult population of Pakistan, the depression and anxiety symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales were assessed. Statistical Analysis Independent t-test, cross tabulation, and regression analysis were used to identify variables having impact on PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Among 1,000 participants, 573 were males and 427 were females who completed the survey. Majority were restricted to home for more than 40 days. Considerable number of participants reported depressive (540, 54%) and anxiety (480, 48%) symptoms. Gender, age, earnings, and occupation have significant relation with psychological distress, although similar was not found with education levels. Conclusion Psychological distress, a concerning yet addressable issue was found among adults arising amid COVID-19 outbreak. Currently, physical health effects of COVID-19 are being looked, while mental health effects being under-addressed. This issue should be addressed to avoid any psychological impact in future.

scholarly journals Medical and Mental Health Comorbidities Among Minority Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naheed Ahmed ◽  
C. Andrew Conway
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Objective. To examine the prevalence of and the association between comorbid disorders and race/ethnicity in the United States. Methods. Using cross-sectional data from the 2012 National Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [N=45,207,844], we examined comorbidity of psychological distress with self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, angina, and with history of heart attack and stroke. Logistic regression was used to examine between group differences by race/ethnicity. Results. Unadjusted results indicate that American Indian [OR 4.01, 95%CI: 1.78, 9.04] and Hispanic [OR 1.55, 95%CI: 1.04, 2.33] participants were more likely to have psychological distress and history of heart attack in comparison to Whites. American Indians were more likely to have psychological distress with angina [OR 3.82, 95%CI: 1.92, 7.63], and with history of stroke [OR 4.25, 95%CI: 2.16-8.26] in unadjusted results when compared to White participants. Conclusions. Our results suggest that racial/ethnic minority groups are more likely to suffer from comorbid mental health and medical conditions, which may be a result of stress arising from discrimination and historical oppression of these populations.

scholarly journals Determinants of hypertension among urban adult population in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Gopalakrishnan S. ◽  
Rama R. ◽  
Savitha A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strength Of Association

Background: Hypertension affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide and around 7.1 million deaths per year (13% of the total) may be attributable to it. In India, the overall prevalence of raised blood pressure among adults aged 18 years and above was estimated to be 25.9% among males and 24.8% among females. Keeping in mind the growing burden of NCDs like hypertension, this study was conducted with the objective to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its associated determinants so as to understand the gravity of the problem and to plan possible corrective measures.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was done among adult population in an urban area in Kancheepuram district using a sample size of 1634 calculated based on the prevalence of a previous study. Probability Proportion to Size and simple random sampling method was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data and data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 15 by calculating appropriate percentages and strength of association of variables.Results: This study results shows that the prevalence of pre – hypertension was 51.3% (males 54.2% and females 48.5%). Overall prevalence of stage I hypertension was 17.2% (males 20.2% and females 14.4%), stage II hypertension was 5.2% (males 6.3% and females 4.2%). A statistical significant association was found between hypertension and its associated determinants such as increasing age, gender (male predominance), history of diabetes mellitus and overweight/obesity (P value <0.05).Conclusions: This study outcome shows that the prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension is high among the adult population. For non-communicable diseases like hypertension every level of preventive care plays a major role to bring about a healthy behaviour and lifestyle change among the population which in turn will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.

Prevalence and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Experience Among Partners of Naval Personnel in Lagos, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2097422
Author(s):  
Chinedu Paul Igwe ◽  
Oyindamola B. Yusuf ◽  
Olufunmilayo I. Fawole
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

Background Military personnel are one of the high risk groups recognized as perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). Little is known about IPV experience of partners of naval personnel. This study determined the prevalence and correlates of IPV experience among partners of naval personnel. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 435 male and female partners of naval personnel selected using the multistage sampling technique from the Navy Barracks in Lagos, Nigeria was conducted. Data were collected using a 40 item interviewer-administered questionnaire between August and September 2017. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to identify the predictors of partners’ experience of IPV. Analysis was done at p-value ≤0.05. Results The mean age of the respondents was 32.7 ± 7.86yrs and 72% were females. The lifetime prevalence of any IPV experience was 40.7% (with 74.4% of this experienced by females, CI: 0.81–1.91). The prevalence of controlling behaviour, psychological, sexual, economic and physical IPV were 31.5%, 16.3% 12.4%, 12.0% and 8.5% respectively. There was a positive association between experience of IPV and respondents’ occupational status (p < 0.0001), lifetime experience of physical (p < 0.0001), sexual abuse (<0.0001), and history of childhood abuse (p < 0.0001). After adjustment for confounders, age (AOR = 2.11, CI = 1.07–4.16), occupational status (AOR = 4.56, CI = 2.30–9.02), history of childhood abuse (AOR = 2.10, CI = 1.26–3.49,) and partners’ alcohol use (AOR = 3.41, CI = 1.38–8.39) remained significant factors influencing experience of IPV. Conclusion The prevalence of IPV experience among partners of naval personnel was high. Being unemployed, experience of abuse in childhood and having a partner who consumed alcohol increased partners’ vulnerability to IPV. Naval personnel would benefit from marital counseling and training on non-violence conflict resolution strategies.

scholarly journals Association of socio-demographic and specific causative factors associated with development of cataract: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2743
Author(s):  
Pritish K. Raut ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Shamkumar U. Burungale
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Senile Cataract ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Blindness

Background: Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide, particularly so in India. Cataract constitutes 55% of total blindness in this country. It is generally acknowledged that age-related (senile) cataract is a multifactorial disease. The combined effect of these risk factors can help in better prediction of cataract as compared to their individual effects and is also helpful in determining preventive and curative interventions in development of cataract. Objective: To study the association between development of cataract and specific causative factors, socio-demographic factors.Methods: 274 patients diagnosed with cataract were interviewed with the help of a pre tested interview schedule.Results: Total of 274 cases was included in the study, of which 126 (46%) were male and 148 (54%) were female. Illiterate females being more prone for the development of cataract (p value=0.001). There are more than double the chances of developing cataract in people who are exposed to U-V radiation (OR=2.14). Out of total cases, 156 (56.9%) cases were having present or past history of addiction in the form of tobacco and the significant association was found between tobacco consumption and development of cataract (p value=0.012).Conclusions: Improvement in knowledge, literacy level and protection against U-V radiation will be helpful to reduce morbidity of senile cataract among elderly people.

scholarly journals Maternal History of Child Sexual Abuse and Maladaptive Outcomes in Sexually Abused Children: The Role of Maternal Mental Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110139
Author(s):  
Rachel Langevin ◽  
Martine Hébert ◽  
Audrey Kern
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Maternal History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexually Abused Children

The effects of child sexual abuse (CSA) have been found to surpass generations as maternal history of CSA is associated with increased difficulties in sexually abused children. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this association. The present study aimed to test maternal mental health symptoms including psychological distress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and dissociation as mediators of the relationship between maternal CSA and children’s internalizing, externalizing, and dissociation symptoms in a large sample of sexually abused children. A total of 997 sexually abused children aged 3-14 years old and their mothers were recruited at five specialized intervention centers offering services to sexually abused children and their families. The children were divided into two groups depending on their mothers’ self-reported history of CSA. Mothers completed a series of questionnaires assessing their mental health and children’s functioning. Maternal history of CSA was associated with increased maternal psychological distress, PTSD symptoms, and dissociation following children’s disclosure of CSA. In turn, maternal psychological distress and maternal dissociation were associated with increased child internalizing, externalizing, and dissociation symptoms. Maternal PTSD symptoms were associated with child internalizing symptoms. Maternal mental health difficulties mediated the association between maternal CSA and sexually abused children’s maladaptive outcomes. Clinicians should assess for possible history of CSA in mothers of sexually abused children and determine how best to support them to cope with the aftermaths of their child’s disclosure and with their own traumatic past.

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