scholarly journals Determinants of hypertension among urban adult population in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Gopalakrishnan S. ◽  
Rama R. ◽  
Savitha A. K.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strength Of Association

Background: Hypertension affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide and around 7.1 million deaths per year (13% of the total) may be attributable to it. In India, the overall prevalence of raised blood pressure among adults aged 18 years and above was estimated to be 25.9% among males and 24.8% among females. Keeping in mind the growing burden of NCDs like hypertension, this study was conducted with the objective to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its associated determinants so as to understand the gravity of the problem and to plan possible corrective measures.Methods: This community based cross sectional study was done among adult population in an urban area in Kancheepuram district using a sample size of 1634 calculated based on the prevalence of a previous study. Probability Proportion to Size and simple random sampling method was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data and data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 15 by calculating appropriate percentages and strength of association of variables.Results: This study results shows that the prevalence of pre – hypertension was 51.3% (males 54.2% and females 48.5%). Overall prevalence of stage I hypertension was 17.2% (males 20.2% and females 14.4%), stage II hypertension was 5.2% (males 6.3% and females 4.2%). A statistical significant association was found between hypertension and its associated determinants such as increasing age, gender (male predominance), history of diabetes mellitus and overweight/obesity (P value <0.05).Conclusions: This study outcome shows that the prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension is high among the adult population. For non-communicable diseases like hypertension every level of preventive care plays a major role to bring about a healthy behaviour and lifestyle change among the population which in turn will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 644-647
Author(s):  
SARA GUL ◽  
ATIF HUSSAIN ◽  
KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽  
IMRANULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

scholarly journals SCROTAL PATHOLOGIES;

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 924-928
Author(s):  
EJAZ HUSSAIN SIDDIQUI ◽  
SAAD SIDDIQUI ◽  
GHULAM RASOOL ◽  
Naseer Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Ultrasound Finding ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To assess common presenting complaints & the role of Grey Scale and Doppler ultrasound in evaluation ofscrotal pathologies. Design: Cross sectional study, Setting: Khyber X rays, Khyber Medical Centre, Peshawar. Period: July 2011 toDecember 2011. Material and Methods: Data from patients presenting for evaluation of scrotal pathologies was analyzed for presentingcomplaints and ultrasound findings according to objectives of the study. Results: In total 210 cases were included in the study. The agewise categorization included pediatric population (14.3%) adult population (80.9%) and geriatric population (4.3%). Pain was the mostcommon presenting feature in all age. Other major presenting complaints included swelling, absent testis, history of trauma, lower urinarytract symptoms (LUTS), and infertility. Hydrocele was the most common finding overall. Other major ultrasound finding includedvaricocele, epididymo-orchitis, spermatocele, atrophic testis, undescended testis tumors and complications of trauma. Conclusions:Scrotal pathologies are among the frequently encountered problems in our region. Ultrasound is a sensitive and useful tool for evaluationof scrotal pathologies.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Perawat Rawat Inap dalam Menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri di RSUD Langsa Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Indra Agussamad ◽  
Maya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Perawat merupakan petugas kesehatan dengan presentasi terbesar dan memegang peranan penting dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan.WHO (2013) mencatat, dari 39,47 juta petugas kesehatan di seluruh dunia, 66,7%-nya adalah perawat. Di Indonesia, perawat juga merupakan bagian terbesar dari tenaga kesehatan yang bertugas di rumah sakit yaitu sekitar 47,08% dan paling banyak berinteraksi dengan pasien. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain cross sectional study dengan jumlah sampel 72 perawat dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling,dan penelitian ini secara univariat dan bivariat dengan Chy-Square yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan, pengawasan, motivasi, sikap dan ketersediaan alat terhadap kepatuhan perawat rawat inap dalam menggunakan alat pelindung diri dengan(p-value< 0,05).

scholarly journals Depression and Behavioral Problems Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women Employees of the Textile Industry in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Angeline Gnanaselvam ◽  
Bobby Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Stress and depression are common in textile industry employees due to inadequate working conditions and challenging socioeconomic conditions. The objective of the study was to assess depression and mental health among adolescent and young females currently employed in a textile factory located in Tamil Nadu compared with past employees and women who have never been employed. This cross-sectional study included a total of 107 participants in each study group who were interviewed. The Patient Health Questionnaire–9 and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were administered to screen participants for depression and mental health. More current employees (16.82%) and past employees (15.88%) suffered from depression severe enough to require treatment compared with never employed girls and young women (2.8%). Of the study participants, 59.8% of current employees, 63.6% of past employees, and 32.7% of never employed women had mental health or behavior problems. In the regression model, history of abuse was significantly associated with depression. Participants who were current employees and reported family debt and a history of abuse were significantly more likely to have mental health or behavior problems. Mental health issues such as depression and behavior problems were more likely among adolescent girls currently employed in textile industries. Further studies into the causes of this phenomenon are needed.

scholarly journals Correlation of Knowledge and Beliefs to Adherence with Antibiotic Use in Adult Patients at a Private Hospital in Sidoarjo

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasan Wattiheluw ◽  
Fauna Herawati ◽  
Setiasih Setiasih ◽  
Rika Yulia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hospitalization Period

Infectious diseases are one of the top ten causes of death in the world. Antibiotic therapy is administered for infectious diseases, but if bacteria are exposed to antibiotics continuously, then the bacteria are able to adapt to the medication, thereby resulting in antibiotic resistance. This condition results in an increase in mortality, long hospitalization period, and increased cost of antibiotic therapy and health services. Adherence to using antibiotics may be influenced by knowledge and beliefs about them. This study aimed to understand correlation between knowledge and belief with adherence to antibiotic use at a private hospital in Sidoarjo. This cross-sectional study, the data collected in three months period, was conducted with a questionnaire for assessment knowledge and belief. A pill count method was applied for assessment adherence to using antibiotics prescribed by doctors. The study results show that knowledge of the respondents was adequate for 76 people (69.7%), belief was adequate for 74 people (67.9%), and adherence to antibiotic use for 79 people (72%). Regression analysis showed that the variable that significantly influenced the adherence of patients in using antibiotics was perceived threat (p-value = 0,029). Sex, age, education, income, occupation, and marital status have no contribution to antibiotic knowledge, belief, and adherence.

scholarly journals Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae managed by hysteroscopy in the gyanecological endoscopic surgery and human reproductive teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Etienne Belinga ◽  
Isidore Tompeen ◽  
Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽  
Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽  
Sandrine Mendibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
History Of

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.

scholarly journals Recurrent Miscarriage and Consanguinity among Omani Women– A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Al Hoqani ◽  
Wadha Al Ghafri ◽  
Saneya El tayeb ◽  
Yahya Al Farsi ◽  
Vaidyanathan Gowri
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriages ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of

Objective: to determine the prevalence of explained and unexplained recurrent miscarriages (RM) and to find out if there is a significant relationship between recurrent miscarriages and consanguinity. Methods: A cross sectional in which the cases group included all women with RM attending the outpatient clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from July 2006 to April 2012 and the controls group included women with no history of RM after matching them with cases for age (case to control ratio was 1:1). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of consanguinity in women with or without recurrent miscarriages. Results: During study period a total of 290 women with RM were seen. Of which, 150 (51.7%) women had unexplained RM. Control group with no history of RM were 300 women. Consanguinity rate among cases (49.5%) %) was less than the controls (52.7 %%). Both first cousin and second cousin marriages were more common in the controls than the cases and it was not statistically significant (p value 0.476, chi squared test). Conclusion: In this study we found that more than half of RM cases were unexplained and there was no significant association between RM and consanguinity.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on alcoholism and its comorbidity patterns among urban adult population in Salem Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2861
Author(s):  
Dhanasekar Gurupatham ◽  
Jeevithan Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Salem District

Background: Alcohol use is associated with serious public health problems thereby raising the global morbidity and mortality. The main aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of alcoholism and its co morbidity pattern among urban adult population in Salem district, Tamil Nadu.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among urban adult population in Salem district involving 493 participants. Convenient sampling method was used. Informed consent was obtained from each participant and information was collected by using a predesigned structured questionnaire. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used for data entry and SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis.Results: It was found from the study that the prevalence of alcoholism was high. Alcohol use in any form was found in 38% of the study participants. 8% of the participants confessed that alcohol is an eye opener to them. 6% of the participants lost their job and 15% of the participants were hospitalised due to alcohol.Conclusions: The study showed higher prevalence of alcohol use among urban adult population in Salem district. Awareness about the ill effects of alcoholism among the population and necessary rehabilitation will help to reduce alcoholism consumption and its related disorders.

scholarly journals Prévalence De La Douleur Neuropathique Chez Des Patients Souffrant De Lomboradiculalgie Commune En Consultation Rhumatologique À Lomé (Togo)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Kodjo Kakpovi ◽  
Komi Cyrille Tagbor ◽  
Eyram Fianyo ◽  
Agbeko Komlan Doleagbenou ◽  
Kokou Mensah Guinhouya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with neuropathic pain in patients with non-specific low back pain. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to July 2016 in the Rheumatology, Neurology and Neurosurgery departments of Lome. The DN4 questionnaire was used for the diagnosis of neuropathic pain in the 200 patients with low back pain included in this study. Results: Of the 200 patients (147 women and 53 men) included in the study, neuropathic pain was present in 92 (46%). The average age of the 92 patients (67 women vs 25 men, p = 0.04) was 55.5 ± 12.4 years (women 55.2 ± 12.8 vs. men 54.6 ± 11.4, p = 0.5). The characteristics of neuropathic pain mainly found were: burning sensation (n = 67, 72.8%); electrical discharges (n = 64, 69.6%); tingling (n = 90; 97.8%); tickling (n = 57; 62%); numbness (n = 89; 96.7%); hypoesthesia (n = 52; 56.5%). Factors significantly associated with the presence of neuropathic pain in LBP were age (p = 0.005), duration of LBP (p = 0.04), high blood pressure (p = 0.001), radicular pain (p = 0.00002) and the past history of the LBP (0.000000). Conclusion: Neuropathic pain is common in patients with LBP at Lome. The duration of LBP, past history of LBP, previous NSAID use, BMI, pain severity and radicular pain appear to be predictive of the occurrence of these neuropathic pains.

scholarly journals The challenges in control COVID-19 in Injibera, Awi Zone, North East Amhara, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Amsalu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
North East ◽  
Control Virus

Abstract Background: In the globe, on April 2021, 130 million coronavirus cases, around 2.8 million were deaths, 102 million were recovered and 105.2 million were closed cases of COVID-19 reported. On April 2021, the world population were 7.9 billion of which United Nations estimates were 1.65% COVID-19 cases included the Ethiopia in report. The main objective of the study was identify the challenges of in control COVID-19.Methods: The cross-sectional study design was used November to February 2021 in Injibera from Ethiopia. The total 385 respondents using simple random sampling were interviewed. The chi-square test of association and ordinal logistic regression was applied to identify the effect of predictor variables on challenges in control COVID-19.Results: Out of 385 respondents 277(71.95%) were high challenges in control COVID-19 in Injibera. There was a significant relationship with social media and challenges of in control virus (p-value = 0.047). The variables considered social media, housing status and influence were significant relationship with challenges of in control virus (p-value < 5%). Facebook users were the responsible causes of challenges in control COVID-19 (p-value = 0.023). The more social media followed, decreased the occurrence of challenges in control virus. In addition, a unit increase rented, the challenges in control virus decreased by 0.60 times (p-value = 0.009).Conclusion: Winning against the coronavirus together with world couldn’t be a marathon. COVID-19 couldn’t be won without collective global and local effort. It would also need serious thinking, discipline and war against the only virus. COVID-19 war needs in control, the globe should be faced free, coordination and discover scientific methods together.

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