scholarly journals Konversi Energi Termal Surya Menjadi Energi Listrik Menggunakan Generator Termoelektrik

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Rifky Rifky ◽  
Agus Fikri ◽  
Mohammad Mujirudin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Building Model

AbstrakSalah satu pemanfaatan energi surya adalah mengkonversi energi termalnya menjadi energi listrik. Konvertor yang digunakan adalah generator termoelektrik. Panas matahari diterima sisi panas termoelektrik melalui penyerap panas, sedangkan sisi dinginnya dilekatkan sistem pendingin aktif dengan fluida air. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendapatkan daya luaran semaksimal mungkin dari sistem generator termoelektrik yang mengkonversi energi termal surya menjadi energi listrik pada model bangunan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental, yang didahului dengan perancangan dan pembuatan alat penelitian. Alat penelitian berbentuk sistem generator yang diletakkan di atap model bangunan. Sistem generator terdiri dari penyerap panas aluminium, termoelektrik yang terdiri dari 15 set, dan sistem pendingin yang menggunakan fluida air bersirkulasi. Pengujian terhadap sistem dengan cara mengoperasikannya sambil melakukan pengamatan dan pengambilan data. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah susunan sambungan generator termoelektrik (seri dan paralel). Sementara data masukan adalah kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, temperatur, dan aliran alir; sedangkan data luaran adalah tegangan listrik dan arus listrik. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa dengan perbedaan temperatur 12,8oC menghasilkan daya maksimum sebesar 2,214 watt dari susunan seri sambungan termolektrik. Sementara dengan perbedaan temperatur 15,4oC mendapatkan daya maksimum sebesar 0.101 watt dari susunan paralel sambungan termoelektrik.  Kata kunci: energi, surya, termoelektrik, atap, daya AbstractOne of the uses of solar energy is converting its thermal energy into electrical energy. The converter used is a thermoelectric generator. The sun's heat is received by the thermoelectric hot side through the heat sink, while the cold side is attached by an active cooling system with water fluid. This study aims to obtain the maximum possible output power from a thermoelectric generator system that converts solar thermal energy into electrical energy in the building model. The research method used is experimental, which is preceded by the design and manufacture of research tools. The research tool is in the form of a generator system that is placed on the roof of the building model. The generator system consists of an aluminum heat sink, a thermoelectric consisting of 15 sets, and a cooling system that uses circulating water fluid. Testing the system by operating it while observing and collecting data. The variable in this research is the connection arrangement of the thermoelectric generator (series and parallel). While the input data are humidity, wind speed, temperature, and flow flow; while the output data is electric voltage and electric current. The results showed that with a temperature difference of 12.8°C the maximum power was 2,214 watts from the series arrangement of the thermoelectric junction. Meanwhile, with a temperature difference of 15.4°C, the maximum power is 0.101 watts from the parallel arrangement of the thermoelectric connection. Keywords: energy, solar, thermoelectric, roof, power

Roofs and Walls of Buildings as a Media for Converting Solar Thermal Energy into Electrical Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifky ◽  
Agus Fikri ◽  
Mohammad Mujirudin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Building Model

Solar energy can be used by buildings. Parts of the building can convert solar thermal energy into electrical energy.The roof and walls are the parts of the building that receive the most sunlight. Therefore, the roof and walls of the building can supply electricity with the thermoelectric generator. The aim of this research is to get the maximum possible output power from the thermoelectric generator system. From the output power produced, it will be possible to find the feasibility of a thermoelectric generator to be used as an energy source for the roof and walls of the building model. The building model is designed simply where the roof and walls can be located a thermoelectric generator system, which consists of a heat sink, a thermoelectric circuit and a cooling system. The heat sink used is aluminum. The thermoelectric circuit consists of 15 sets which are assembled in a series connection arrangement. The cooling system used is active cooling, where water as the cooling fluid circulates continuously during the operation of the system. The thermoelectric hot side temperature is obtained from solar thermal radiation through a heat sink. Meanwhile, the temperature on the cold side of the thermoelectric is the result of the effect of the cooling system that is attached. The temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the thermoelectric produces a system output in the form of electric voltage and electric current. This study obtain that the generator system on the roof with a temperature difference of 8.90 oC on the hot-cold side produces a power of 1.953 watts. While the generator system on the wall with a temperature difference between the hot-cold side of 1.80 oC produces a power of 0.030 watts.

A Refrigerator without Compressor Powered by Solar Energy

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 06-10
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Rai ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Awdhesh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Aluminum Plate ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Thermoelectric Devices ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Peltier Module ◽  
Very High

Thermoelectric refrigerator with an inner volume of 10 litre (approx.) has been designed and tested, whose cold system is composed of a Peltier and a fan (i.e. heat sink).Analysis of a its performance in different conditions has been carried out with this prototype. Thermoelectric devices are capable of converting electrical energy into thermal heat pumping at a very high efficiency.The cooling system is made up of one thermoelectric device, composed of a Peltier module (40 watt) with its hot side in contact with a heat sink and aluminum plate in contact with the cold side.

scholarly journals The Characterization of Thermoelectric Generator in Utilizing the Heat Waste of the Biomass Egg Drying Machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Sudarmanto Jayanegara ◽  
Zuryati Djafar ◽  
Zulkifli Djafar ◽  
Nasaruddin Azis ◽  
Wahyu Haryadi Piarah
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Voltage Difference ◽  
Furnace Fuel

This research was conducted to determine the character of the TEG module as a source of electrical energy in utilizing heat in the chimney wall of an egg rack drying machine that uses rice husk as engine furnace fuel. The test is carried out by utilizing heat on 2 pieces of chimney (upper chimney and lower chimney) separated by a Heat Exchanger (HE) with a furnace blower speed of 2600 rpm and environmental blower speed of 2800 rpm with the amount of thermoelectric used as many as 44 units. The results show that the TEG module in the upper chimney obtained temperature difference (∆T), voltage difference (∆V) and power (P) respectively ∆T 38.75 ° C; ∆V 3.68 Volts; P 0.796 Watt and for the lower chimney respectively ∆T 73.25 ° C; ∆V 12.26 Volts; P 2.446 Watt.

scholarly journals Cuk Converter for Waste Heat Recovery from Automobile Engine using Thermoelectric Generator with Air as Coolant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Maximum Power

The growing concern on energy conservation and reduction of carbon footprint has led to a lot of inventions and innovations in terms of energy-efficient technologies in all the energy consuming applications. The automobile sector is a crucial zone where these technologies have a major role to play due to the sheer abundance of the number of automobiles.Many small refinements, alterations and innovations are happening in this field which has led to furthermore energy economic automobiles than before.But even in an advanced internal combustion engine, about two-thirds of fuel consumed by an automobile is discharged into the surroundings as waste heat. The effect of this is the increase in the surrounding air temperature which in turn contributes significantly to global warming. This paper proposes amethod to reduce the emission of heat from automobiles by designing and implementinga waste heat recovery system for internal combustion (IC) engines. The key aim is to reduce the amount of heat released into the environment and to convert it into useful energy. A thermoelectric generator (TEG) assembly is used to directly convert the wasted heat energy from the automobile into electrical energy. This electrical energy is conditioned using a Cukconverter and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is embedded in the converter for impedance matching and maximum power transfer from TEG to the converter. The conditioned output is used to charge the battery of the vehicle. This methodologyalso increases the energy efficiency of the vehicle as a higher capacity battery can be employed.The proposed system can work well under varying temperature conditions to give a constant output. It can be implemented in any mechanical/ electrical systems were there is wastage of heat energy like gas pipelines, wearable electronics, space probes, cookstoves, boilers, thermal vision, etc. One of the thrust areas where this technology can be effectively utilized in today’s world is in electric vehicles where the energy efficiency is the most important factor.

scholarly journals Improving performance of direct expansion air conditioning systems while reducing electricity consumption through using hybrid energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al–Okbi ◽  
Yuri Vankov ◽  
Hakim Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Continuous Power ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

At the present time, operating hybrid air-conditioning systems that use solar energy to saving electrical energy while improving the performance has become necessary to protect the environment, reduce pollution and emissions caused by using fuels and gases. In Iraq, temperatures reach half the boiling point at summer, therefore the demand for air conditioning systems increases, air conditioning systems consume more than half of average electricity production which affects on reliability and stability of the electrical energy thus leads to a continuous power outage. So, the issue of using renewable energies becomes more attractive. Because of saving energy leads to ensuring the reliability of electricity and reduces the consumption of fuels and gases that pollute on the environment and negatively affect on the ozone layer. In the current research, the atmosphere of Baghdad city was used to collect solar thermal energy and convert it into thermal energy through an evacuated solar collector by water and combine it with a conventional air conditioner in the part that follows the compressor in order to reduce the electrical energy consumption on the compressor and increase coefficient of performance. Several tests were conducted on the proposed system to compare results with the conventional system and evaluate performance. The results showed that the coefficient of performance with the hybrid system became 8.97 more efficient instead of 4.27 compared to the conventional system, and the energy consumption decreased by 52%.

scholarly journals Synergetic Control Based Fast-Converging MPPT Technique for Thermoelectric Generator Energy System

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-237
Author(s):  
Polamraju. V. S. Sobhan, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Synergetic Control

 Recently, waste heat energy recovery has attracted the attention of many researchers. The power conversion efficiency of Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) system is enhanced by designing suitable MPPT controller.  In this study a robust nonlinear control technique based on synergetic control theory is designed to extract maximum power from Thermoelectric Generator system (TEG). The designed synergetic control law ensures the fast convergence towards maximum power operating point without any oscillations under the presence of system uncertainties and variable temperature conditions. The TEG system comprises of a Thermoelectric Generator module, power converter, maximum power point tracking algorithm and load. The simulation results show viability of proposed strategy in comparison with Perturb and Observe (P&O) method under variable temperature.

scholarly journals Simulation of a Solar-Assisted Air-Conditioning System Applied to a Remote School

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Armando Aguilar-Jiménez ◽  
Nicolás Velázquez ◽  
Ricardo López-Zavala ◽  
Luis A. González-Uribe ◽  
Ricardo Beltrán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Coils

In this work, we present an absorption cooling system with 35 kW capacity driven by solar thermal energy, installed in the school of Puertecitos, Mexico, an off-grid community with a high level of social marginalization. The cooling system provides thermal comfort to the school’s classrooms through four 8.75-kW cooling coils, while a 110-m2 field of evacuated tube solar collectors delivers the thermal energy needed to activate the cooling machine. The characteristics of the equipment installed in the school were used for simulation and operative analysis of the system under the influence of typical factors of an isolated coastal community, such as the influence of climate, thermal load, and water consumption in the cooling tower, among others. The aim of this simulation study was to determine the best operating conditions prior to system start-up, to establish the requirements for external heating and cooling services, and to quantify the freshwater requirements for the proper functioning of the system. The results show that, with the simulated strategies implemented, with a maximum load operation, the system can maintain thermal comfort in the classrooms for five days of classes. This is feasible as long as weekends are dedicated to raising the water temperature in the thermal storage tank. As the total capacity of the system is distributed in the four cooling coils, it is possible to control the cooling demand in order to extend the operation periods. Utilizing 75% or less of the cooling capacity, the system can operate continuously, taking advantage of stored energy. The cooling tower requires about 750 kg of water per day, which becomes critical given the scarcity of this resource in the community.

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