scholarly journals Results of the «Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022» realization in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
D. KAIDAROVA ◽  
O. SHATKOVSKAYA ◽  
Z. DUSHIMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Cancer control is among the key social policy priorities in the Republic of Kazakhstan. 14,000 people die from cancer every year. As a result, our country faces an epidemiologic crisis caused by the increasing malignancy-related incidence and mortality, plus the increasing number of people living with cancer. In 2019, 186 326 patients with malignant neoplasms were under dynamic supervision in Kazakhstan; 52.5% lived for five years or more [1]. WHO prognosis a 1.5-2 times growth of annual malignancy-related incidence and mortality worldwide by 2022. The Republic of Kazakhstan follows the same trend, taking into account the growing welfare and life expectancy of the population and an increase in the detection of malignant neoplasms due to the introduction of early detection programs [2]. This study aimed to assess the implementation in 2019 of the Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022. Results: Intermediate Comprehensive Plan implementation results showed the efficacy of the conducted measures as reflected by major cancer service indicators. Thus, the early detection has improved: stage 0-I detection amounted to 27.1% of all new cases (2019 target – 25.2%). This had a positive impact on cancer survival: in 2019, the proportion of 5-year or more survival was 54.7% for breast cancer (2019 target – 54.5%), 56.8% for cervical cancer (2019 target – 55.8%), 46.6% for colorectal cancer (2019 target – 45.8%) [1]. Conclusion: The Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan implementation results evidence cancer service improvement in the Republic of Kazakhstan as of 2019 (increased 5-year survival and decreased mortality). However, a high share of detection of visually accessible malignant neoplasms at generalized and advanced stages should be addressed in the coming years.

scholarly journals Esophageal cancer: analytical indicators of cancer service efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
K. TOLEUTAIULУ ◽  
A. ZHYLKAYDAROVA ◽  
U. ZHUMASHEV ◽  
S. YESSENKULOVA ◽  
A. JAKIPBAYEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Esophageal cancer ranks eighth in the structure of malignant tumors in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, in 2018, 1225 were primarily registered with esophageal cancer, and 825 patients died from this disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the esophageal cancer incidence and mortality among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2009-2018 and determine the cancer service efficacy. Results: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in the number of primary cases from 8.2‰ in 2009 to 6.7‰ in 2018, and the mortality – from 6.9‰ to 3.8‰. The share of early detection (Stage I-II) increased by 38.2% since 2009 to reach 52.1% in 2018. The share of stage IV esophageal cancer decreased from 7.2% in 2009 to 5.8% in 2018. One-year mortality decreased by 14.7% since 2009 to reach 41.2% in 2018, which speaks of the improvements in the timely diagnosis of esophageal cancer. The number of patients who received radical comprehensive treatment increased by 8.6% to reach 32.2% in 2018. The number of patients who received surgical treatment in 2009-2018 remained almost at the same level and amounted to 18.9 and 18.0%, respectively. However, during the years of screening for esophageal cancer, the proportion of surgical treatment increased from 26.6% to 30.4%. The ratio of incidence to mortality decreased from 91.4% to 68.8% in the study period indicating an improvement in the level of cancer service in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusion: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in primary incidence. The screening conducted in 2013-2016 has shown an improvement in early detection of esophageal cancer (stages I-II) and a decrease in the share of the advanced stage. The findings of this study shall serve as the basis for planning anti-cancer measures

Molecular genetic testing for BRAF V600 gene mutations in melanoma in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Dilyara Kaidarova ◽  
Zaure Dushimova ◽  
Madina Orazgaliyeva ◽  
Oxana Shatkovskaya ◽  
Sakhadat Alieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Molecular Genetic Testing ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
The Republic

Along with other diagnostic methods, all current recommendations and protocols for malignant tumors’ diagnostics and treatment require mandatory molecular genetic testing at the initial diagnosis and in case of disease progression. The discovery of the BRAF gene mutation in skin melanoma allows the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, so-called BRAF inhibitors. This increases the probability of tumor response by half and opens up new therapeutic options. The study aimed to identify the BRAF V600E gene mutation frequency in patients with stage III-IV melanoma in the Republic of Kazakhstan to determine the need for targeted therapy. Results: 2251 persons are currently registered with melanoma in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with 355 new primary melanoma cases in 2019. Of them, 54% were diagnosed at stages III-IV and were subject to molecular genetic testing. 278 of 2251 patients were sent for BRAF mutations testing. The mutations were detected in 105 (37.7%) patients. Conclusion: The introduction of molecular genetic testing for malignant neoplasms under the Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan framework for 2018-2022 will increase the use of molecular genetic methods in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Molecular genetic testing is an important step in diagnosing melanoma and choosing the appropriate therapy to personalize cancer treatment.

Cancer prevention and population-based screening

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Luciani ◽  
Lianne Vardy ◽  
Eugenio Paci ◽  
Isaac Adewole ◽  
Annie Sasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Control Programs

Cancer prevention, screening and early detection can provide some of the greatest public health benefits for cancer control. In low resource settings, where cancer control is challenged by limited human, financial and technical resources, cancer prevention and screening are of utmost importance and can provide significant impacts on the cancer burden. Public policies, social, environmental and individual level interventions which promote and support healthy eating and physical activity can lower cancer risks. Tobacco use, a significant cancer risk factor, can be reduced through the application of key mandates of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. In addition, cancer screening programs, namely for cervical and breast cancers, can have a significant impact on reducing cancer mortality, including in low resource settings. Comprehensive cancer control programs require interventions for cancer prevention, screening and early detection, and involve sectors outside of health to create supportive environments for healthy ways of life. Sharing experiences in implementing cancer control programs in different settings can create opportunities for interchanging ideas and forming international alliances.

scholarly journals Outcome Evaluation of a State Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Alberg ◽  
Kathleen B. Cartmell ◽  
Katherine R. Sterba ◽  
Susan Bolick ◽  
Virginie G. Daguise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Control ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Control Plan

scholarly journals Establishing Accra Population-Based Cancer Registry

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 66s-66s
Author(s):  
P. Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Surveillance ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

Background: The African Cancer Organization (ACO) seeks to establish Accra Population-Based Cancer Registry (ACR). The whole idea is to collect, store and analyze data on persons with cancer to provide complete, accurate and timely cancer report for interventional programs. Such information would guide us to monitor patient care, prioritize and allocate resources effectively, give understanding of the things we do not yet know, and also act as a driver for policy development for the urgent need of comprehensive cancer control in Ghana. Countries require cancer surveillance programs to collect and analyze data on the scale of the cancer burden in each country. These are urgently needed in Africa as cancer data sources are scarce. Data can help to evaluate the impact of prevention, early detection/screening, treatment and palliative care programs. The proposed population-based cancer registry will help to act as a driver for policy development and program evaluation as recommended by the WHO. ACR intends to capture cancer cases diagnosed and/or treated within the Greater Accra region of Ghana and then further extend to cover the Central, Eastern, Western and the Volta regions of Ghana later. Aim: The goal of ACR to collect, store and analyze data on persons with cancer to generate incidence, prevalence, trends, mortality, and survival rates which is required to help develop a realistic and sustainable cancer control plan for Ghana. Methods: Cancer registry staff will be trained to abstract cancer cases diagnosed and/or treated within the southern regional geography of Ghana using a customized cancer notification form designed to capture detailed information on cancer patient demographics, tumor details, treatment, reporting sources and follow-up information based on both analytic and nonanalytic active case-finding reportability methods. These cases will then be classified and coded using the ICD-O-3, FIGO and/or SEER Summary Staging 2000 Manual. The data will be stored in customized cancer registry software which will be configured with various address codes from the registry geography. The cancer registry software checks for duplicate cases, data edits and consolidation. The software tracks down duplicate records and multiple primaries using a probability matching and consistency checking for impossible or rare cases. Conclusion: Establishing a cancer registry in Africa is challenging but very possible. Conflicts of interests are common norms among new cancer registries. With a good budget and working plan backed by few sincere and dedicated staff, it will be very possible to sustain the registry to capture all cancer cases within the catchment area, to take advantage of available modern technology to produce timely results. ACO is by this seeking for partnership to raise the needed support to embark on this national cancer registry campaign in the region.

scholarly journals Molecular genetic testing for BRAF V600 gene mutations in melanoma in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Dilyara Kaidarova ◽  
Zaure Dushimova ◽  
Madina Orazgaliyeva ◽  
Oxana Shatkovskaya ◽  
Saadat Alieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Molecular Genetic Testing ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Along with other diagnostic methods, all current recommendations and protocols for malignant tumors’ diagnostics and treatment require mandatory molecular genetic testing at the initial diagnosis and in case of disease progression. The discovery of the BRAF gene mutation in skin melanoma allows the treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, so-called BRAF inhibitors. This increases the probability of tumor response by half and opens up new therapeutic options. The study aimed to identify the BRAF V600E gene mutation frequency in patients with stage III-IV melanoma in the Republic of Kazakhstan to determine the need for targeted therapy. Results: 2251 persons are currently registered with melanoma in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with 355 new primary melanoma cases in 2019. Of them, 54% were diagnosed at stages III-IV and were subject to molecular genetic testing. 278 of 2251 patients were sent for BRAF mutations testing. The mutations were detected in 105 (37.7%) patients. Conclusion: The introduction of molecular genetic testing for malignant neoplasms under the Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan framework for 2018-2022 will increase the use of molecular genetic methods in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Molecular genetic testing is an important step in diagnosing melanoma and choosing the appropriate therapy to personalize cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Comparing the Maryland Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan With Federal Cancer Prevention and Control Recommendations

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Fowler ◽  
Elizabeth A. Platz ◽  
Marie Diener-West ◽  
Sarah Hokenmaier ◽  
Meredith Truss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Cancer Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Analysis of main statistical indicators of oral and pharyngeal cancer in the Republic of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
J. Alimov ◽  
N. Karimova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Late Detection

Relevance: According to GLOBOCAN data for 2020, oral and pharyngeal cancer ranked 25th in mortality (98 412 cases, 0.5% of all cancer deaths) and 26th in the number of diagnosed new cases (48 143 cases, 0.5% of all new cancer cases) in the world. Oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence is growing steadily globally and in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Oral and pharyngeal cancer ranks 16th in the structure of cancer incidence in the Republic of Uzbekistan, with a rate of 1.8 per 100 000 people. The purpose of the study was to analyze the main statistical indicators for tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx in the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2015-2021. Methods: We analyzed the main statistical indicators for tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2015- 2020 obtained from the Reporting Form #7 “Information about malignant neoplasms cases.” Results: Over the past six years, the incidence rate per 100,000 people has increased from 1.4 in 2015 to 1.8 in 2020. In 2015-2020, in the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2,240 patients died from malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity and pharynx. The mortality rate per 100,000 people decreased from 1.4 in 2015 to 1.2 in 2020. Conclusions: Tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx rank 16th in the structure of cancer incidence in the Republic of Uzbekistan and tend to grow. A recent increase in oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence and its late detection could be explained by worsening detection and diagnostics. The stabilization of oral and pharyngeal cancer mortality results in socio-economic losses for the Republic. The provided statistical data is the basis for improving the indicators of incidence and mortality related to oral and pharyngeal cancer in the Republic of Uzbekistan

scholarly journals Esophageal cancer: analytical indicators of cancer service efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
K. Toleutaiulу ◽  
A. Zhylkaydarova ◽  
U. Zhumashev ◽  
S. Yessenkulova ◽  
A. Jakipbayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Cancer Service ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: Esophageal cancer ranks eighth in the structure of malignant tumors in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, in 2018, 1225 were primarily registered with esophageal cancer, and 825 patients died from this disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the esophageal cancer incidence and mortality among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2009-2018 and determine the cancer service efficacy. Results: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in the number of primary cases from 8.2‰ in 2009 to 6.7‰ in 2018, and the mortality – from 6.9‰ to 3.8‰. The share of early detection (Stage I-II) has increased by 38.2% since 2009 to reach 52.1% in 2018. The share of stage IV esophageal cancer has decreased from 7.2% in 2009 to 5.8% in 2018. One-year mortality has decreased by 14.7% since 2009 to reach 41.2% in 2018, which speaks of the improvements in the timely diagnosis of esophageal cancer. The number of patients who received radical comprehensive treatment has increased by 8.6% to reach 32.2% in 2018. The number of patients who received surgical treatment in 2009-2018 remained almost at the same level and amounted to 18.9 and 18.0%, respectively. However, during the years of screening for esophageal cancer, the proportion of surgical treatment has increased from 26.6% to 30.4%. The ratio of incidence to mortality has decreased from 91.4% to 68.8% in the study period indicating an improvement in the level of cancer service in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusion: The analysis of intensive indicators of esophageal cancer incidence showed a decrease in primary incidence. The screening conducted in 2013-2016 has shown an improvement in early detection of esophageal cancer (stages I-II) and a decrease in the share of the advanced stage. The findings of this study shall serve as the basis for planning anti-cancer activities

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