ELASTOMER COMPOSITES BASED ON CARBON NANOTUBES AND IONIC LIQUID

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaivani Subramaniam ◽  
Amit Das ◽  
Klaus Werner Stöckelhuber ◽  
Gert Heinrich
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Elastomer Composites ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Nonpolar Solution

ABSTRACT Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known for excellent electrical conductivity and high elastic modulus. But difficulties arise in realizing their potential in matrices due to their existence in the form of aggregates or agglomerates. A simplified mixing technique using ionic liquid (IL) was developed to improve the dispersion of CNTs in elastomers. At first, CNTs were modified using an IL, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide in a mortar and pestle, and later, the modified tubes were incorporated into elastomers using a two-roll mill. The effect of modified tubes and IL on polar polychloroprene and nonpolar solution styrene butadiene rubber is studied. Enhanced dispersion and networking of CNTs can be achieved using this technique, based on which highly conducting composites were developed. Moreover, the composites with modified CNTs exhibited higher mechanical properties (tensile modulus, hardness) and thermal stability than the composites with unmodified CNTs. ILs are also found to have multifunctional roles (as antioxidants, as coupling agents) in the composites. The applications of composites with a particular focus on actuators and sensors are also discussed.

EFFECT OF IONIC LIQUID MODIFIED MWCNT ON THE RHEOLOGICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENTS IN STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER NANOCOMPOSITES

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-545
Author(s):  
Jiji Abraham ◽  
Ajesh K. Zachariah ◽  
Runcy Wilson ◽  
Rigoberto Ibarra-Gómez ◽  
Rene Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

ABSTRACT Ionic liquid modified multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposites were prepared with the two-roll mill mixing method, and the rheological measurements were used to study the dispersion of MWCNTs on a microscopic scale and its compatibility with the SBR matrix. Viscous liquid-like rheological behavior at low MWCNT loadings and pseudo-solid-like rheological response at high MWCNT loadings were observed, showing the gradual transformation from individual structures of MWCNTs to polymer bridged MWCNT networks. A decrease in the mobility of SBR macromolecular chains by the geometric confinement of three-dimensional networks of MWCNTs further confirms the interdeveloped pseudo-solid behavior of filled composites. Dynamic viscoelasticity data have been compared with the theoretical Carreau–Yasuda equation. Transmission electron microscopy of the samples reveals that MWCNTs are randomly dispersed in the rubber matrix. Finally the nature of the filler association and its role in the nonlinear viscoelastic properties at large strain amplitudes were investigated.

scholarly journals Effects of alkanolamide addition on cure characteristics, crosslink density and tensile properties of carbon-black-filled styrene-butadiene rubber compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 12006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Surya ◽  
Hanafi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

By using a semi-efficient sulphur vulcanisation system, the effects of alkanolamide (ALK) addition on cure characteristics, crosslink density and tensile properties of carbon black (CB)-filled styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds were investigated. The ALK was prepared from Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin and diethanolamine and added into the CB-filled SBR compounds. The ALK loadings were 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 7.0 phr. It was found that ALK decreased the scorch and cure times of the CB-filled SBR compounds. ALK also improved the tensile modulus and tensile strength; especially up to a 5.0 phr of loading. The crosslink density measurement proved that the 5.0 phr of ALK exhibited the highest degree of crosslink density which caused the highest in tensile modulus and tensile strength. Due to its plasticity effect, ALK increased the elongation at break of the CB-filled SBR vulcanisates.

EFFECTS OF SILANE COUPLING AGENTS ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF SILICA-FILLED SILICONE RUBBER/STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOSITES

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Yuan Ren ◽  
Zheng Sun ◽  
Li-Qun Zhang ◽  
You-Ping Wu ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Silane Coupling Agents ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Bound Rubber ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Rubber Filler

ABSTRACT Two silane coupling agents, bis-(γ-triethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide (Si69) and vinyltriethoxysilane (A151), were selected to investigate their effects on structure and properties of silica-filled methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ)/emulsion styrene butadiene rubber (ESBR) composites. The filler–rubber interactions were investigated via bound rubber content and solid-state 1H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and the mass ratio of VMQ and ESBR in the rubber–filler gel was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that VMQ showed a better compatibility with silica than ESBR. Compared with the A151 composite, the composite with Si69 showed the higher content of ESBR in rubber–filler gel, which resulted in the higher bound rubber content and the weaker Payne effect, and it also exhibited higher tensile strength, higher tear strength, better wear resistance, and lower hardness. However, the presence of Si69 reduced the crosslink efficiency of ESBR and completely inhibited the crosslinking of VMQ, which caused the composite to show higher tan δ value at 60 °C than the A151 composite.

scholarly journals Functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes–Silica Hybrid for Enhanced Curing and Mechanical Properties of Elastomers

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Lin ◽  
Dechao Hu ◽  
Yuanfang Luo ◽  
Bangchao Zhong ◽  
Yongjun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Elastomer Composites ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Silica Hybrid

Vulcanization and reinforcement are critical factors in governing the ultimate practical applications of elastomer composites. Here we achieved a simultaneous improvement of curing and mechanical properties of elastomer composites by the incorporation of a functionalized halloysite nanotubes–silica hybrid (HS-s-M). Typically, HS-s-M was synthesized by 2-mercapto benzothiazole (M) immobilized on the surface of halloysite nanotubes–silica hybrid (HS). It was found that the HS-s-M uniformly dispersed in the styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix, offering more opportunity for M molecules to communicate with rubber. In addition, the physical loss of accelerator M from migration and volatilization was efficiently suspended. Therefore, SBR/HS-s-M composites showed a lower curing activation energy and a higher crosslinking density than SBR/HS composites. Moreover, a stronger interfacial interaction between HS-s-M and SBR was formed by the cross-linking reaction, giving a positive contribution to the eventual mechanical properties. The possible vulcanization and reinforcement mechanisms of SBR/HS-s-M composites were also analyzed in detail.

Processibility and Mechanical Properties of Mullite-Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 401-410
Author(s):  
Qiong Qiong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Composites ◽  
Precipitated Silica ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

Mullite (3A12O3·2SiO2) is an aluminosilicate ceramic of great technological importance. We investigated its potential as fillers in rubber. Mullites untreated or treated with 3% γ-mecapto-propyltrimethoxysilane (A-189) were added into styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) materials on a laboratory-sized two-roll mill. For comparison, commercial precipitated silica was also used. The effect of these fillers on the cure characteristics, processibility and mechanical properties of SBR at various loadings, ranging from 0 to 50 phr was investigated. The results showed that mullite was a semi-reinforcing filler for SBR materials and exhibits better overall cure properties, lower Mooney viscosity, lower tensile set, better resilience as compared to precipitated silica, while it is inferior to precipitated silica especially with regard to tensile strength, tear strength and abrasion resistance. The presence of the silane coupling agent can enhance mechanical properties of filled SBR vulcanizates to some extent.

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