scholarly journals A PILOT STUDY OF SENSITIZATION TO PLANE TREE POLLEN IN SOFIA, BULGARIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 4128-4132
Author(s):  
Georgi Nikolov ◽  
◽  
Rusana Tsvetanova ◽  
Mariela Hristova-Savova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Plane Tree ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: Platanus pollen is a serious cause of asthma, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis in many European countries. The aim of the present pilot study is to investigate the sensitization to 3 different plane tree species in a group of patients with pollinosis. Materials and methods: 21 patients were surveyed - 11 men and 10 women. A skin prick test was performed with a set of allergens: Grass pollen mix; Betulaceae pollen mix; Platanusorientalis; Platanusacerifolia; Platanusoccidentalis. Results: 95% of patients are sensitized to grass pollen, with moderate positive skin reactions predominating. 86% have a co-sensitization to tree pollens also, particularly to the birch tree family. Only 3 (14%) of the studied patients showed slight positive skin tests to the studied plane tree allergens, with no significant difference in sensitization to studied Platanus species (p>0,05). Conclusion: At present, the sensitization to different Platanus species is not comparable to that of grass or birch pollen. However, it will be necessary to conduct new long-term, large-scale studies to prove whether Platanus pose a real threat to people in urban areas. The results of this interdisciplinary study are important both for clinical allergologists and for landscape architects and ecologists involved in the planning and management of urban green infrastructure.

scholarly journals Detection of IgE-antibodies to recombinant birch allergens rBet v 1 and rBet v 2 in patients withsensitization to birch pollen

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
M A Mokronosova ◽  
A V Sergeev ◽  
E S Korovkina ◽  
N G Konyukova ◽  
M A Mokronosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Recombinant Allergen ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
Skin Prick Tests

Background. Allergic diagnosis is based on accurate clinical history and conducting of skin prick tests (sPt) and specific IgE determination. the past decade recombinant allergen components from pollen of birch are available for allergen-specific IgE antibody testing. the major allergen of birch tree pollen is Bet v 1; Bet v 2 is a well described minor allergen. Methods. 83 patients with birch pollinosis (55 male/28 female, age 4-35 years, mean 15,5) were observed. specific IgE levels were determined by using the ImmunoCap (Phadia, sweden); skin prick tests with standard aeroallergens panel was used. Results. All 83 patients had positive skin tests to birch pollen. the levels of specific IgE to rBet v1 had 87,9% of patients, sIgE to rBet v 2 (profilin) 14,5% of patients, sIgE to rBet v 1 and rBet v 2 13,3% of patients. Conclusion. the prevalence of the patients with presence of IgE - antibodies to profiling Bet v2 among citizens of moscow region, sensitized to birch, accounts 14,5%.

Neue Charakteristika klinisch manifester Latexallergiker

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
Vera Mahler
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Latex Allergy ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy is commonly diagnosed according to medical history, skin allergy tests, and serological analyses. However, skin tests are increasingly being abandoned because of (i) their time-consuming nature, (ii) latex preparations for skin tests being not commercially available, and (iii) the use of in-house prepared test solutions is becoming ever more difficult due to increasing regulatory hurdles. In this light, we have evaluated differences in the profiles of current and former patients with suspected latex allergy. Methods: Sera of skin test-positive patients from a historic cohort (1995-2001, n = 149 patients) and currently (2014-2015, n = 48 patients) were simultaneously analyzed for specific IgE to latex by ImmunoCAP. If the serological screening was positive (≥ 0.35 kU/l), component-resolved diagnostics including profilins and cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) were performed. Results: In contrast to 88% (131/149) of the skin test-positive patients from the 1990s, only 51.1% (24/47) of the current cohort were found positive for specific IgE to latex. While 48.3% (72/149) of the patients had a convincing positive history in the 1990s, current skin test-positive patients rarely reported a relevant medical history (8.5%, 4/47). Specific IgE levels to latex were significantly higher in former patients with suspected latex allergy (p < 0.001) than in former sensitized individuals without allergy. However, this significant difference was lost in current allergic and sensitized patients with positive skin tests. Conclusion: Sensitization profiles in patients with latex allergy have changed significantly over the last 2 decades. Discrimination between NRL sensitization and clinical allergy remains a diagnostic challenge. Our data highlight the need for a combination of all 3 criteria, i.e., patient history, skin test, and analysis of specific IgE, for a correct diagnosis of latex allergy.

scholarly journals PASSIVE TRANSFER OF TUBERCULIN SENSITIVITY BY TRITIATED THYMIDINE-LABELED LYMPHOID CELLS

1961 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Najarian ◽  
Joseph D. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Tritiated Thymidine ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Immature Cells

Passive transfer of tritiated thymidine-labeled BCG sensitized lymphoid cells into homologous guinea pigs resulted in positive tuberculin skin reactions 24 hours after testing with PPD. Labeled cells were found specifically attracted to these sites. Labeled non-sensitized lymphoid cells did not appear at PPD injection sites, nor did labeled sensitized cells accumulate in non-specific inflammatory lesions. The specifically reacting tritiated cells were small, medium, and large lymphocytes and stem or immature cells of the lymphoid series. In the homologous system employed, positive skin tests were either minimal or absent 3 days after transfusion of activated cells. The injected labeled sensitized cells were rapidly cleared from the circulating blood and lodged in the lungs, spleen, and lymph nodes. Upon application of specific antigen they reappeared at the skin test site at 6 hours and then increased in number for the next 18 hours.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Symptoms in Patients with Environmental Allergy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Manish D Shah ◽  
Sarah K Wise ◽  
Melissa R Rotella ◽  
Avani P Ingley ◽  
Michael M Johns
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Skin Testing ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inhalant Allergy ◽  
Allergy Skin Testing

ABSTRACT Background The effect of environmental allergy on laryngeal and pharyngeal complaints is not well understood. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of laryngeal and pharyngeal symptoms in patients with environmental inhalant allergy. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all patients undergoing allergy skin testing between 2006 and 2009. Patients with positive skin tests were included and were classified as ‘mild’ or ‘extensive’ reactors based on skin testing results. Data regarding laryngeal and pharyngeal complaints, as well as ocular and nasal symptoms, had been systematically documented for all patients. The prevalence of these complaints was calculated in each group of reactors and overall. Results The prevalence of laryngeal and pharyngeal complaints was 42.0% overall, 45.5% among the mild reactors, and 39.3% in the extensive reactors. No patients complained of hoarseness or were felt to have dysphonia. There was no statistically significant difference between the mild and extensive reactors (p = 0.78). The prevalence of ocular and/or nasal symptoms was 96.0, 90.9 and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of laryngeal and pharyngeal complaints in allergy sufferers was low in this study. Given the conflicting literature on this topic, there is insufficient evidence to establish a causal link between environmental allergy and laryngeal and pharyngeal symptoms. How to cite this article Shah MD, Wise SK, Rotella MR, Ingley AP, Johns MM. Prevalence of Laryngeal and Pharyngeal Symptoms in Patients with Environmental Allergy. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(1):1-4.

COMPARATIVE SKIN TESTS WITH ANIMAL AND SYNTHETIC CORTICOTROPHIN IN PATIENTS HYPERSENSITIVE TO ANIMAL CORTICOTROPHIN

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Buytendijk ◽  
Fr. Maesen
Keyword(s):  
Skin Reaction ◽  
Anaphylactic Shock ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Valuable Addition

ABSTRACT A study of the literature shows that 5 % of patients are hypersensitive to animal ACTH. Anaphylactic shock, even with a fatal issue, may occur (van Ufford 1952; Hill & Swinburn 1954; Eisalo et al. 1956). The same rather high percentage was also found for our own patients. In seven patients who had previously shown violent clinical reactions following the use of animal ACTH (Cortrophin), comparative skin tests were carried out with Cortrophin and the synthetic ACTH preparation, tetracosapeptide (CIBA 30.920-Ba). All patients showed a markedly positive skin reaction to the highly purified animal ACTH (Cortrophin); in two of these patients, the reaction occurred late. Skin reactions to the synthetic ACTH were negative. The synthetic ACTH, must be regarded as a valuable addition in the therapeutic use of ACTH, particularly in patients predisposed to allergic reactions (asthmatics).

Timely information on birch and grass pollen levels in Belgium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem W. Verstraeten ◽  
Nicolas Bruffaerts ◽  
Rostislav Kouznetsov ◽  
Marijke Hendrickx ◽  
Mikhail Sofiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Birch Tree ◽  
Vegetation Activity ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Pollen Release

&lt;p&gt;Air pollution has tremendous effects on mortality and the quality of life. Air pollution is not restricted to anthropogenic contaminants only, since also natural sources (soils, lakes, marshes, vegetation, volcanoes, etc) may emit substantial amounts of unhealthy pollutants (VOCs, SO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;X&lt;/sub&gt;, aerosols, etc). Releases of biogenic aerosols such as pollen affect the public health badly, putting additional distress on people already suffering from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. In Belgium, ~10% of the people is estimated to suffer from allergies due to pollen released by the birch family trees and ~15% due to pollen emitted by grasses. In some European countries the prevalence is up to 40%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To date, the only available airborne pollen level data in Belgium are retrieved by Sciensano at five stations that monitor off-line daily concentrations of grass and birch pollen among other species. Patients suffering from rhinitis have therefore no access to detailed real-time spatial information and warnings on forthcoming exposures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chemistry Transport Models (CTM) can both quantify as well as forecast the spatial and temporal distribution of airborne birch and grass pollen concentrations if accurate and updated maps of birch and grass pollen emission sources are available, and if the large inter-seasonal variability in emissions is considered.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here we show the results of the modelled spatio-temporal distributions of grass and birch pollen over Brussels and other locations in Belgium using the CTM SILAM. This CTM is driven by ERA5 meteorological reanalysis data from ECMWF, an updated MACC-III birch tree fraction map, based on local information, and a grass pollen emission map showing the spatial distribution of the potential pollen sources. Pollen release is based on the temperature degree days approach. Inter-seasonal variability in birch pollen release was taken into account by using spaceborne MODIS vegetation activity (Gross Primary Productivity, GPP). For grass pollen this approach does not fit, therefore we use average temperature and precipitation of the previous year in a first approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;SILAM modelled and observed time series of daily birch pollen levels of 50 birch pollen seasons at multiple sites in Belgium correlate well for the period 2008-2018 with an increased R&amp;#178; of up to ~50% compared to the reference run. What is more, SILAM is able to capture the allergy thresholds of 50 and 80 pollen grains m&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;#179; exposure from the observations for birch trees. Grass pollen simulations are in progress.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Comparing the results of intradermal skin tests for four dust mite allergens in dogs with atopic dermatitis in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2381-2387
Author(s):  
Suttiwee Chermprapai ◽  
Pojnicha Chuayjuljit Anukkul ◽  
Teerawat Kritsadasima ◽  
Pudcharaporn Kromkhun ◽  
Naris Thengchaisri
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
House Dust ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Intradermal Test ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aim: Hypersensitivity to house dust mites is a common cause of atopic dermatitis in dogs. The intradermal test (IDT) identifies allergens to be included in allergen-specific immunotherapy. Common mite allergens used for IDT include single source extracts obtained from Dermatophagoides farinae or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus or multisource extracts from multimite species (mixed mites), as well as a combination of multimite species and proteins from feces and shed skin (house dust). The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence of mite sensitivity in dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis in different Thailand provinces and to determine if positive test results to mite allergens aligned. Materials and Methods: Eighty-two dogs (median age [range]: 5 years [11 months-11 years]; 51 males and 31 females) diagnosed with atopic dermatitis underwent IDTs with four different mite-related allergens (D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, mixed mites, and house dust). The skin reactions were reported on a scale of 0-4 and the reactions 2+ were considered clinically relevant. The relationship between IDT results from different allergens was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Fisher's exact test was used to compare IDT results for different mite allergens as well as for dogs residing in Bangkok versus other provinces in Thailand. Results: The prevalence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of positive IDT results for D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, mixed mites, and house dust in dogs with atopic dermatitis was 64.63% (52.30-74.88), 58.54% (47.12-69.32), 47.56% (36.41-58.89), and 35.37% (25.12-46.70), respectively. A moderate correlation was found in IDT results between D. pteronyssinus and house dust (r=0.514), between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae (r=0.426), and between D. farinae and mixed mites (r=0.423). The prevalence of dogs with positive IDT results for mite allergens with mono-sensitization, bi-sensitization, tri-sensitization, and quadru-sensitization did not differ significantly between dogs residing in Bangkok (11.63%, 18.60%, 25.58%, and 16.28%) and dogs residing in other provinces (12.82%, 30.77%, 35.90%, and 10.26%). The overall sensitivity (95% CI) and specificity (95% CI) of the mixed mites test associated with atopic dermatitis in dogs were 60.32% (47.20-72.40%) and 94.70% (74.00-99.90%), respectively. The overall sensitivity (95% CI) and specificity (95% CI) of the house dust test associated with atopic dermatitis in dogs were 42.90% (30.50-56.00%) and 89.50% (66.90-98.70%), respectively. Conclusion: House dust mites are an important source of allergens for dogs with atopic dermatitis. In the present study, no significant difference in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis was found in dogs living in the urban area compared with dogs living in the countryside. Application of multisource extracts from mites for IDT revealed a higher reaction to mixed mites than that of house dust.

scholarly journals IMMUNITY IN MUMPS

1946 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Enders ◽  
Lewis W. Kane ◽  
Elizabeth P. Maris ◽  
Joseph Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Mumps Virus ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Infected Monkey ◽  
Number Of Children

The results of skin tests read at 48 hours on several hundred adults and children in which heat-inactivated mumps virus was the antigen have been presented and discussed. They can be summarized as follows:— Of 89 persons tested before the onset of mumps, 89 per cent exhibited erythematous reactions 10 mm. or less in diameter and 95 per cent, reactions 15 mm. or less in diameter. Of 40 persons tested during the first 5 days of mumps, 95 per cent exhibited reactions 10 mm. or less and 98 per cent reactions 15 mm. or less. Of 480 exposed persons the attack rate of mumps was 46 per cent among 340 with reactions 10 mm. or less and 10 per cent among 240 with reactions greater than 10 mm. The attack rate was only 2 per cent among 161 with reactions exceeding 15 mm. The attack rates in 13 skin-tested groups which were exposed to mumps tended to be inversely proportional to the incidence of reactions exceeding 10 mm. The incidence of reactions exceeding 10 mm. was approximately twice as high among 529 adults (persons 18 years or older) as it was among 306 children (persons under 18 years). Of 179 adults giving positive histories of mumps, 82 per cent exhibited skin reactions exceeding 10 mm. In certain groups the correlation between history and positive skin test was as high as 0.9. Of 132 adults giving negative histories, 58 per cent exhibited skin reactions of this magnitude. The proportion of reactions exceeding 10 mm. in a small number of children giving positive histories was 75 per cent. The proportion of reactions less than 10 mm. was 15 per cent. Of 167 adults with positive complement fixation tests, 87 per cent exhibited skin reactions exceeding 10 mm. Of 111 adults with negative complement fixation tests, 52 per cent exhibited reactions exceeding 10 mm. Of 43 children with positive complement fixation tests, the skin test reactions exceeded 10 mm. in 70 per cent. The skin reactions exceeded 10 mm. in 29 per cent of 105 children with negative complement fixation tests. In 69 of 72 individuals in whom skin reactions exceeded 10 mm., complement-fixing antibody either appeared in the blood or increased in amount within about 2 weeks after the tests were done. Such antibody responses likewise were observed in 34 of 76 individuals in whom skin reactions were 10 mm. or less. The data summarized up to this point were obtained with virus derived from the infected parotid gland of monkeys. The results of simultaneous tests in 82 individuals employing materials prepared from infected monkey parotid gland and amniotic membrane of chick embryos infected with mumps virus indicated in general that the same individual responded in a similar manner to both antigens. In many instances, however, the membrane material produced weaker reactions. Occasionally an individual failed to react at all to one of these materials but did respond to the other.

USE OF THE PERTUSSIS AGGLUTINOGEN SKIN TEST IN A WELL BABY CLINIC

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
NOAH BARYSH
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Clinical Protection ◽  
Baby Clinic ◽  
Materials Used

Intradermal skin tests with pertussis agglutinogen were performed on 234 infants. In one group of 100 infants skin tested with this material, at least three months after pertussis prophylaxis, it was found that 92% had positive (immune) skin reactions. In a second group of 134 infants skin tested prior to pertussis vaccination, 83% (111) had negative skin reactions. In 66 of these 111 infants tested after pertussis prophylaxis, 92% developed a positive skin response. The pertussis skin agglutinogen test can be used to determine the efficiency of materials used for pertussis prophylaxis. The pertussis skin agglutinogen test is a reliable indicator of the immune response of an infant to H. pertussis immunization and is recommended as an effective agent for determining the susceptible infant—one lacking the minimal clinical protection against pertussis—after pertussis vaccination.

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